2024 United States presidential election
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2024 electoral map, based on 2020 census | |||||||
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The 2024 United States presidential election will be the 60th quadrennial presidential election, scheduled for Tuesday, November 5, 2024.[1] It will be the first presidential election after electoral votes are redistributed according to the post-2020 census reapportionment. Incumbent president Joe Biden stated in January 2022 his intent to run for reelection to a second term, with Vice President Kamala Harris as his running mate.[2] However, as of November 2022[update] Biden has not yet committed to a reelection campaign.[3] Former president Donald Trump suggested in March 2022 that he intends to run for president for a nonconsecutive second term.[4]
In the United States, general elections follow caucuses and primary elections held by the major parties to determine their nominees. The winner of the 2024 presidential election is scheduled to be inaugurated on January 20, 2025.
Background
Procedure
Article Two of the United States Constitution states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a natural-born citizen of the United States, be at least 35 years old, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years. Candidates for the presidency typically seek the nomination of one of the various political parties of the United States, which is awarded through a process such as a primary election. The primary elections are usually indirect elections where voters cast ballots for a slate of party delegates pledged to a particular candidate. The party's delegates then officially nominate a candidate to run on the party's behalf. The presidential nominee typically chooses a vice presidential running mate to form that party's ticket, which is then ratified by the delegates at the party's convention.
Similarly, the general election in November is also an indirect election, in which voters cast ballots for a slate of members of the Electoral College; these electors then directly elect the president and vice president.[5] If no candidate receives the minimum 270 electoral votes needed to win the election, a contingent election will be held in which the House of Representatives will select the president from the three candidates who received the most electoral votes, and the Senate will select the vice president from the candidates who received the two highest totals. The presidential election will occur simultaneously with House of Representatives elections, Senate elections, and various state and local-level elections.
Effects of the 2020 census
The election has been the early subject of attention by analysts and commentators, as it will be the first U.S. presidential election to occur after the reapportionment of votes in the United States Electoral College, which will follow the 2020 United States census.[6][7] This realignment of electoral college votes will remain consistent through the 2028 election. Reapportionment will be conducted again after the 2030 United States census.[8]
The House of Representatives will have redistributed the seats among the 50 states based on the results of the 2020 census, and the states will conduct a redistricting cycle in 2021 and 2022, where congressional and state legislative districts will be redrawn. In most states, the governor and the state legislature conduct the redistricting (although some states have bipartisan or nonpartisan redistricting commissions). The party that wins a presidential election often experiences a coattail effect, which helps other candidates of that party win elections.[9] In 2020, although its nominee Joe Biden won the presidential election, the Democratic Party did not flip any state legislature chambers and in fact lost both New Hampshire legislative chambers and the Montana governorship. This allowed the Republican Party to have redistricting control of seats in New Hampshire,[10][11] which had the potential to lead to gerrymandering that will stay in effect until the 2030 census, similar to the REDMAP project after the 2010 census.[11][12][13]
Candidate eligibility
Section 1 of Article Two of the United States Constitution specifies that the president must be at least 35 years of age, a natural-born US citizen, and been a resident of the US for 14 years. The Twenty-second Amendment forbids anyone from being elected president more than twice. Both incumbent president Biden and former president Donald Trump are eligible to seek a second term. If Trump is elected, he would be the first president since Grover Cleveland to win a second non-consecutive term.[14]
Potential campaign issues
Economy
As of October 17, 2022, a New York Times/Sienna College poll shows Americans are most concerned about the state of the economy and the rate of inflation, and 49% of likely voters intend to vote for Republicans and 45% for Democrats in the 2022 congressional elections. The percentage of voters who consider the economy the most important issue increased to 44%, from 36% in July.[15]
COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, which was declared to be “over” by President Biden in September 2022,[16] left behind significant economic effects which could pass on to the 2024 presidential election. The high visibility governors received during their responses to the pandemic has been viewed as having given them a boost in possible 2024 contention, in contrast to the significant advantage senators have had in recent cycles.[17]
Abortion
The Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization decision in June 2022, which overturned the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision and permitted U.S. states to fully ban abortion for the first time since then, brought abortion into the national spotlight. In the 2024 election, the topic of abortion is expected to play a role in the Republican primary. Potential candidates are divided on the matter, with former Vice President Mike Pence supporting a nationwide ban on abortion, whereas other potential candidates have struck a moderate tone and suggested that the matter should remain the decision of the states.[18]
Crime
As of November 2022, rising criminal activity and gun violence has put a stress on communities, law enforcement and political parties. The 2024 field is projected to respond to rising crime rates differently on partisan lines.[19] President Biden has advocated for an assault weapons ban, as well as federal funding to train and deploy more police.[20][21]
Democratic primary
Democrat Joe Biden, elected in 2020, is the incumbent and declared his intent in January 2022 to run for re-election in 2024 with Kamala Harris as his running mate,[2] but on September 15, 2022, he told Scott Pelley in an interview for 60 Minutes that he has not committed to run.[3] On October 3, 2022, Biden reportedly told minister Al Sharpton that he is seeking re-election as president.[22] On October 11, 2022, he told Jake Tapper in an interview on CNN that he would decide whether or not to run after the 2022 midterm elections.[23] He is the oldest person to assume the office at age 78,[24] and he would be 82 at the end of his first term. If re-elected, he would be 86 at the end of his second term. During late 2021, as Biden was suffering from low approval ratings in the polls, there was speculation that he would not seek re-election.[25] If this occurs, Vice President Harris and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg would be considered likely candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, both having run for president in 2020.[26][27] Some prominent Democrats have publicly urged Biden not to run, including U.S. Representatives Dean Phillips and Carolyn Maloney and former U.S. Representative and the 2022 South Carolina gubernatorial nominee Joe Cunningham, though Maloney later apologized and said that Biden should run again.[28][29] There is speculation that Biden will face a primary challenge from a member of the Democratic Party's progressive faction.[30][31] If Biden is not the nominee in 2024, it will be the first election since 1968 in which an incumbent president was not the eventual nominee of their party after Lyndon B. Johnson, and if he chooses not to seek reelection, it will be the first election since 1928 in which an incumbent president did not seek reelection after Calvin Coolidge.[a]
Candidates
Publicly expressed interest
As of November 2022[update], the following individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.
- Joe Biden, 46th President of the United States (2021–present), 47th Vice President of the United States (2009–2017), United States Senator from Delaware (1973–2009), New Castle County Councillor for District 4 (1971–1973), candidate for president in 1988 and 2008[33]
Potential candidates
As of November 2022[update], the following individuals have been subjects of speculation about their potential candidacy within the previous six months. Most of these candidates are viewed as potential replacements if President Biden does not seek re-election, while some are viewed as potential primary challenges if he does.
- Eric Adams, 110th Mayor of New York City (2022–present), 18th Brooklyn Borough President (2014–2021), Member of the New York State Senate (2007–2013)[34][35]
- Pete Buttigieg, 19th United States Secretary of Transportation (2021–present), 32nd Mayor of South Bend, Indiana (2012–2020), candidate for president in 2020[36][37]
- Roy Cooper, 75th Governor of North Carolina (2017–present), 49th Attorney General of North Carolina (2001–2017), Member of the North Carolina Senate (1991–2001), Member of the North Carolina House of Representatives (1987–1991)[38][37]
- Kamala Harris, 49th Vice President of the United States (2021–present); U.S. Senator from California (2017–2021); Attorney General of California (2011–2017); 2020 presidential candidate[39][37]
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, United States Representative from NY-14 (2019–present)[40][37]
- Ayanna Pressley, United States Representative from MA-07 (2019–present); Member of the Boston City Council at-large (2010–2019)[40][41]
- Bernie Sanders, United States Senator from Vermont (2007–present), United States Representative from Vermont-AL (1991–2007), 37th Mayor of Burlington, Vermont (1981–1989), candidate for president in 2020 and 2016[42][37]
- Nina Turner, Member of the Ohio Senate (2008–2014), Member of the Cleveland City Council (2006–2008)[43][44]
- Raphael Warnock, United States Senator from Georgia (2021–present)[45][46]
Declined to be candidates
The following individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running.
- Stacey Abrams, founder of Fair Fight Action, Minority Leader of the Georgia House of Representatives (2011–2017) from the 89th district (2007–2017), nominee for Governor of Georgia in 2018 and 2022[48][49]
- Sherrod Brown, United States Senator from Ohio (2007–present), United States Representative from OH-13 (1993–2007), 47th Secretary of State of Ohio (1983–1991)[50][51]
- Andy Beshear, 63rd Governor of Kentucky (2019–present), 50th Attorney General of Kentucky (2016–2019)[52][53]
- Cory Booker, United States Senator from New Jersey (2013–present), 38th Mayor of Newark, New Jersey (2006–2013), member of the Municipal Council of Newark (1998–2002), candidate for president in 2020[54][55]
- Hillary Clinton, 67th United States Secretary of State (2009–2013), United States Senator from New York (2001–2009), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001), Democratic presidential nominee in 2016, candidate for president in 2008[56][57]
- Al Gore, 45th Vice President of the United States (1993-2001), United States Senator from Tennessee (1985-1993), United States Representative from TN-06 (1983-1985) and TN-04 (1977-1983), Democratic presidential nominee in 2000, candidate for president in 1988[58][59]
- Jay Inslee, 23rd Governor of Washington (2013–present), United States Representative from WA-01 (1999–2012) and WA-04 (1993–1995), candidate for president in 2020[60][61]
- Ro Khanna, United States Representative from CA-17 (2017–present)[62][63]
- Amy Klobuchar, United States Senator from Minnesota (2007–present), County Attorney of Hennepin County (1999–2007), candidate for president in 2020[64] (running for re-election)[65]
- Bill Maher, host of Real Time with Bill Maher, former host of Politically Incorrect[66][67]
- Joe Manchin, United States Senator from West Virginia (2010–present), 34th Governor of West Virginia (2005–2010)[68][69]
- Chris Murphy, United States Senator from Connecticut (2013–present), United States Representative from CT-5 (2007–2013), Member of the Connecticut State Senate from SD-16 (2003–2007), Member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 81st district (1999–2003)[70][71] (running for re-election)[72]
- Phil Murphy, 56th Governor of New Jersey (2018–present), Vice Chair of the National Governors Association (2021–present), United States Ambassador to Germany (2009–2013), Finance Chair of the Democratic National Committee (2006–2009)[49][73]
- Gavin Newsom, 40th Governor of California (2019–present), 49th Lieutenant Governor of California (2011–2019), 41st Mayor of San Francisco (2004–2011)[74][75]
- Michelle Obama, First Lady of the United States (2009–2017)[76][77]
- Jared Polis, 43rd Governor of Colorado (2019–present), United States Representative from CO-02 (2009–2019), Member of the Colorado State Board of Education (2001–2007)[78][79]
- J. B. Pritzker, 43rd Governor of Illinois (2019–present)[49][80]
- Jon Stewart, host of The Problem with Jon Stewart (2021–present), former host of The Daily Show (1998–2015)[81][82]
- Elizabeth Warren, United States Senator from Massachusetts (2013–present), candidate for president in 2020[83][84]
- Gretchen Whitmer, 49th Governor of Michigan (2019–present), Vice Chair of the Democratic National Committee (2021–present), Ingham County Prosecuting Attorney (2016), Minority Leader of the Michigan State Senate (2011–2015), Member of the Michigan Senate (2006–2015), Member of the Michigan House of Representatives (2001–2006)[85][86]
Vice presidential speculation
On January 19, 2022, Biden confirmed that Harris would be his running mate in 2024 in his likely re-election campaign.[87]
Republican primary
Donald Trump was defeated by Biden in 2020 and is currently eligible to run again in 2024. If he decides to run, he would be seeking to become the second president after Grover Cleveland to serve two non-consecutive terms since the 1892 United States presidential election.[88][89] As of November 2021, Trump has been considered likely to receive the Republican presidential nomination if he runs.[90] However, there also multiple factors working against Trump: the hearings held by the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack have damaged public opinion towards him,[91][92] Florida Governor Ron DeSantis raised more campaign funds in the first half of 2022,[93] Democrats may attempt to invoke the 14th Amendment to prevent Trump from being eligible,[94] and in 2022 the FBI searched Trump's estate at Mar-a-Lago which may result in political consequences or even a criminal indictment.[95][96]
Trump announced in March 2022 that if he runs for re-election and wins the Republican nomination, his former Vice President Mike Pence will not be his running mate.[97] If that does happen, he will be the first president to drop their vice president and select a new running mate since Franklin Roosevelt in 1944. If Trump runs against Biden again, it will be the first presidential rematch since 1956, and if Trump wins, he will be the first person to lose a presidential election and then win a rematch of that election since Grover Cleveland in 1892. The last president to run after leaving office was Theodore Roosevelt, who came in second in the 1912 election as the presidential nominee of the Progressive Party, although Herbert Hoover did briefly seek the Republican presidential nomination at several national conventions subsequent to leaving office in 1933. If Trump wins, he will be the first Republican president to serve two non-consecutive terms, and the second overall after Grover Cleveland, a Democrat. Trump would also be the first person to win the Republican presidential nomination three consecutive times, and the first to win it three times since Richard Nixon.[b]
Candidates
Publicly expressed interest
As of November 2022[update], the following individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.
- Liz Cheney, United States Representative from WY-AL (2017–present)[98]
- Chris Christie, 55th Governor of New Jersey (2010–2018), candidate for president in 2016[99]
- Tom Cotton, United States Senator from Arkansas (2015–present), United States Representative from AR-04 (2013–2015)[100]
- Ted Cruz, United States Senator from Texas (2013–present), candidate for president in 2016[101]
- Larry Elder, radio host, author, attorney, and candidate in the 2021 California gubernatorial recall election[102]
- Marjorie Taylor Greene, United States Representative from GA-14 (2021–present)[103]
- Nikki Haley, 29th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (2017–2018), 116th Governor of South Carolina (2011–2017)[104]
- Larry Hogan, 62nd Governor of Maryland (2015–present)[105]
- Asa Hutchinson, 46th Governor of Arkansas (2015–present), Administrator of Drug Enforcement (2001–2003), United States Representative from AR-03 (1997–2001)[106]
- Mike Pence, 48th Vice President of the United States (2017–2021), 50th Governor of Indiana (2013–2017), United States Representative from IN-02 (2001–2003) and IN-06 (2003–2013)[107]
- Mike Pompeo, 70th United States Secretary of State (2018–2021), 6th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2017–2018), United States Representative from KS-04 (2011–2017)[108]
- Francis X. Suarez, 43rd Mayor of Miami (2017–present)[109]
- Donald Trump, 45th President of the United States (2017–2021), Republican presidential nominee in 2020 and 2016 and Reform Party candidate for president in 2000[110]
Potential candidates
As of November 2022[update], the following individuals have been subjects of speculation about their potential candidacy within the previous six months. Most of these candidates are viewed as potential replacements if Donald Trump chooses not to run again, while some are viewed as potential primary challenges if he does.
- Greg Abbott, 48th Governor of Texas (2015–present), 50th Texas Attorney General (2002–2015), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas (1996–2001)[111][112]
- Ron DeSantis, 46th Governor of Florida (2019–present), United States Representative from FL-06 (2013–2018)[113][114]
- Brian Kemp, 83rd Governor of Georgia (2019–present); 27th Georgia Secretary of State (2010–2018); Georgia State Senator (2003–2007)[115][116]
- Marco Rubio, United States Senator from Florida (2011–present), 94th Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives (2006–2008), Member of the Florida House of Representatives from the 111th district (2000–2008), Member of the West Miami City Commission (1998–2000), candidate for president in 2016[117][118]
- Chris Sununu, 82nd Governor of New Hampshire (2017–present), Member of the New Hampshire Executive Council (2011–2017)[119][118]
- Glenn Youngkin, 74th Governor of Virginia (2022–present)[120][121]
Declined to be candidates
The following individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running.
- Tucker Carlson, host of Tucker Carlson Tonight (2016–present) and co-founder of The Daily Caller[122][123]
- Dan Crenshaw, United States Representative from TX-02 (2019–present)[124][125]
- Joni Ernst, United States Senator from Iowa (2015–present)[126][127]
- Josh Hawley, United States Senator from Missouri (2019–present)[128][129]
- Kristi Noem, 33rd Governor of South Dakota (2019–present), United States Representative from SD-AL (2011–2019)[130][131]
- Dan Patrick, 42nd Lieutenant Governor of Texas (2015–present)[132][133]
- Mitt Romney, United States Senator from Utah (2019–present), 70th Governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007), candidate for president in 2008, Republican presidential nominee in 2012[134][135]
- Paul Ryan, 54th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (2015–2019), United States Representative from WI-01 (1999–2019) and Republican vice presidential nominee in 2012[136][137]
- Rick Scott, Chair of the National Republican Senatorial Committee (2021–present), United States Senator from Florida (2019–present), 45th Governor of Florida (2011–2019)[138] (running for reelection)[139]
- Tim Scott, United States Senator from South Carolina (2013–present), United States Representative from SC-01 (2011–2013), Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 117th district (2009–2011), Member of the Charleston County Council from the 3rd district (1995–2009)[140][141]
- Ivanka Trump, Advisor to the President of the United States (2017–2021)[142][143]
- Scott Walker, 45th Governor of Wisconsin (2011–2019), 5th Executive of Milwaukee County (2002–2010), member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the 14th district (1993–2002), candidate for president in 2016[144][145]
Vice presidential speculation
Many reporters, political experts, and political commentators have strongly noted that Trump selecting Pence to be his running mate once again would be very unlikely following rifts between the two over the future of the Republican Party and Pence's attempts to distance himself from the former president.[146][147][148] In June 2022, the House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack found that Trump said Pence "deserved" calls to be hanged on the day of the attack.[149]
Several individuals have received speculation about possible selection as vice presidential nominee in 2024 including Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina, Governor Glenn Youngkin of Virginia, former Ambassador Nikki Haley of South Carolina, Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, Governor Ron DeSantis of Florida, Governor Kim Reynolds of Iowa, Senator Joni Ernst of Iowa, Senator Rick Scott of Florida, and Lieutenant Governor Jeanette Nuñez of Florida.[150][151]
Reportedly, Trump has "repeatedly" discussed the possibility of choosing United States Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene as his running mate.[152] Greene has claimed that she is in talks with Trump to become his running mate.[153]
Libertarian primary
Candidates
Publicly expressed interest
As of November 2022,[update] the following individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.
- Justin Amash, United States Representative from MI-03 (2011–2021), Member of the Michigan House of Representatives from the 72nd District (2009–2011)[154]
- Dave Smith, comedian and political commentator[155]
Independents, other third parties, or party unknown
Candidates
Declared intent to run
As of November 2022,[update] the following individuals have declared their intent to run for president.
- Howard Stern, radio host[156]
- Kanye West, rapper and businessman, independent candidate for president in 2020[157]
Publicly expressed interest
As of November 2022,[update] the following individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.
- Andrew Yang, businessman, Democratic candidate for president in 2020 and New York City mayor in 2021, founder and co-chair of the Forward Party[158]
Declined to be candidates
- Mark Cuban, investor and entrepreneur[159]
- Dwayne Johnson, actor and businessman[160][better source needed][161]
Vice presidential speculation
Stern has said that actor Bradley Cooper will be his running mate,[162] although Cooper has neither publicly confirmed nor denied Stern's claim.
Primary election polling
Democratic Party
- Nationwide polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Stacey Abrams |
Joe Biden |
Cory Booker |
Pete Buttigieg |
Kamala Harris |
Michelle Obama |
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |
Bernie Sanders |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1885 (RV) | – | 4% | 31% | – | 5% | 12% | – | 3% | 8% | 24%[d] | 13% |
Zogby Analytics | May 23–24, 2022 | 544 (LV) | ± 4.2% | 3% | 41% | – | – | 11% | 16% | – | 8% | 13%[e] | 8% |
Harvard/Harris | May 18–19, 2022 | – | – | 3% | 23% | – | 5% | 9% | – | 3% | 8% | 9% | 22% |
YouGov | May 5–9, 2022 | 460 (A) | – | – | 33% | – | 8% | 12% | – | 6% | 17% | 16%[f] | – |
Harvard/Harris | January 19–20, 2022 | – | – | – | 32% | – | – | 14% | – | – | 11% | – | 43% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 13–18, 2022 | 463 (LV) | – | 6% | 25% | 2% | 4% | 8% | 17% | 7% | – | – | 13% |
UMass Amherst | December 14–20, 2021 | 491 (A) | – | – | 40% | – | 9% | 10% | – | 7% | 18% | 16%[g] | – |
YouGov/Yahoo News | December 9–13, 2021 | 530 (RV) | – | – | 22% | – | 10% | 13% | – | 5% | 11% | – | 24% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | December 9–13, 2021 | 640 (A) | – | – | 20% | – | 10% | 13% | – | 7% | 11% | – | 24% |
TIPP Insights | December 1–4, 2021 | 1,013 (RV) | – | 4% | 37% | 3% | 3% | 16% | – | 4% | – | 2% | 13% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 5% | 36% | 5% | 3% | 16% | – | 5% | 5% | 10% | – |
McLaughlin & Associates | November 11–16, 2021 | 450 (LV) | – | 4% | 24% | 2% | 8% | 13% | 16% | 5% | – | 12% | 16% |
Zogby Analytics | November 8–10, 2021 | 426 (LV) | – | 6% | 40% | 4% | – | 10% | 20% | – | – | 12%[h] | 8% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | November 4–8, 2021 | 684 (A) | – | – | 25% | – | 7% | 14% | – | 8% | 12% | 8%[i] | 31% |
NPR-PBS NewsHouse-Marist | October 18–22, 2021 | 469 (RV) | – | – | 36% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 44% | 20% |
Morning Consult | October 8–11, 2021 | 886 (RV) | – | – | 83% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13% | 4% |
Emerson College | August 30 – September 1, 2021 | 450 (RV) | ± 4.6% | – | 60% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 39% | 1% |
Trafalgar Group | Apr 30 – May 6, 2021 | – (LV)[j] | – | – | 57% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 22%[k] | 15%[l] |
- Nationwide polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Stacey Abrams |
Cory Booker |
Pete Buttigieg |
Andrew Cuomo |
Kamala Harris |
Amy Klobuchar |
Gavin Newsom |
Michelle Obama |
Beto O'Rourke |
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |
Bernie Sanders |
Elizabeth Warren |
Andrew Yang |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1885 (RV) | – | 5% | – | 8% | – | 23% | 4% | – | – | – | 5% | 8% | 4% | – | 30%[m] | 13% |
Suffolk University | July 22–25, 2022 | 440 (RV) | ±2.0% | – | – | 16% | – | 18% | 11% | 8% | – | – | 10% | 18% | – | – | 8%[n] | 10% |
NewsStation/Decision Desk HQ | July 22–24, 2022 | 1,000 (RV) | ±3.0% | – | – | 8% | – | 16% | – | 9% | – | – | 6% | 11% | – | – | 51%[o] | – |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 17–22, 2022 | 456 (LV) | – | 6% | 3% | 8% | 1% | 13% | 3% | 3% | 19% | 4% | 7% | – | – | – | 17%[p] | 15% |
Echelon Insights | June 17–20, 2022 | 511 (LV) | – | 6% | – | 12% | – | 27% | 4% | 5% | – | – | 7% | – | 6% | – | 9%[q] | 18% |
McLaughlin & Associates | April 22–26, 2022 | 463 (LV) | – | 6% | 3% | 9% | 2% | 17% | 4% | 2% | 23% | 1% | 4% | – | – | – | 13%[r] | 17% |
McLaughlin & Associates | March 17–22, 2022 | 466 (LV) | – | 5% | 3% | 7% | 1% | 18% | 2% | 2% | 20% | 3% | 6% | – | – | – | 15%[s] | 18% |
McLaughlin & Associates | February 16–22, 2022 | 453 (LV) | – | 6% | 4% | 10% | 1% | 15% | 2% | 4% | 22% | 3% | 6% | – | – | – | 16%[t] | 13% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 13–18, 2022 | 463 (LV) | – | 6% | 4% | 6% | 2% | 16% | 3% | 2% | 22% | 2% | 9% | – | – | – | 13%[u] | 15% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 5% | 5% | 8% | – | 31% | 5% | – | – | – | 7% | 15% | 7% | – | 16%[v] | – |
Hill-HarrisX | November 18–19, 2021 | 939 (RV) | ± 3.2% | 4% | 3% | 5% | – | 26% | 3% | 4% | 15% | 2% | 5% | 7% | 2% | 1% | 8%[w] | 16% |
Echelon Insights | November 12–18, 2021 | 458 (LV) | – | 6% | 6% | 8% | – | 29% | 2% | 2% | – | – | 5% | 16% | 6% | – | 1%[x] | 16% |
McLaughlin & Associates | November 11–16, 2021 | 450 (LV) | – | 5% | 3% | 8% | 2% | 22% | 5% | – | 23% | 3% | 5% | – | – | – | 29% | – |
YouGov/Yahoo News | October 19–21, 2021 | 671 (A) | – | 7% | – | 9% | – | 22% | – | – | – | – | 7% | 12% | 8% | – | 4%[y] | 31% |
Echelon Insights | October 15–19, 2021 | 533 (LV) | – | 5% | 4% | 9% | – | 23% | 4% | 3% | – | – | 5% | 16% | 6% | – | 3%[z] | 20% |
McLaughlin & Associates | October 14–18, 2021 | 473 (LV) | – | 5% | 3% | 9% | 2% | 29% | 3% | 2% | 18% | 3% | 7% | – | – | – | 7%[aa] | 14% |
McLaughlin & Associates | September 9–14, 2021 | 476 (LV) | – | 5% | 4% | 7% | 2% | 29% | 3% | 2% | 17% | 3% | 7% | – | – | – | 3%[ab] | 17% |
McLaughlin & Associates | July 29 – August 3, 2021 | 467 (LV) | – | 4% | 5% | 8% | 4% | 28% | 2% | 2% | 16% | 2% | 7% | – | – | 4% | 4%[ac] | 14% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 30 – August 2, 2021 | 697 (A) | – | 4% | – | 6% | – | 44% | – | – | – | – | 4% | 10% | 6% | – | 18%[ad] | 20% |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 16–20, 2021 | 463 (LV) | – | 5% | 3% | 4% | 2% | 31% | 3% | 1% | 19% | 3% | 5% | – | – | 3% | 5%[ae] | 16% |
McLaughlin & Associates | May 12–18, 2021 | 459 (LV) | – | 4% | 4% | 6% | 1% | 35% | 3% | 2% | 16% | 2% | 7% | – | – | 2% | 7%[af] | 13% |
Trafalgar Group | Apr 30 – May 6, 2021 | – (LV)[ag] | – | – | – | 9% | – | 41% | 5% | – | – | 4% | 8% | – | – | 3% | 29%[ah] | – |
McLaughlin & Associates | Apr 8–13, 2021 | 458 (LV) | – | – | 4% | 5% | 2% | 34% | 4% | 2% | 20% | 2% | 3% | – | – | 4% | 7%[ai] | 12% |
McLaughlin & Associates | Feb 24–28, 2021 | 443 (LV) | – | – | 4% | 7% | 1% | 28% | 3% | – | 23% | 2% | 8% | – | – | 4% | 6%[aj] | 14% |
Inauguration of Joe Biden | ||||||||||||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | Dec 9–13, 2020 | 445 (LV) | – | – | 3% | 5% | 5% | 25% | 2% | – | 29% | – | 7% | – | – | – | 8%[ak] | 18% |
McLaughlin & Associates/Newsmax | Nov 21–23, 2020 | 445 (LV) | ± 3.1% | – | 2% | 6% | 5% | 29% | 2% | – | 23% | – | 6% | – | – | – | 5%[al] | 23% |
2020 presidential election | ||||||||||||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | Nov 2–3, 2020 | 461 (LV) | – | – | 2% | 8% | 8% | 18% | – | – | 25% | – | 6% | – | – | – | 6%[am] | 28% |
Léger | Aug 4–7, 2020 | 390 (LV) | ± 2.8% | 6% | 6% | 16% | 21% | 19% | 6% | – | – | 6% | 9% | – | – | 8% | 3%[an] | – |
Republican Party
Nationwide polling
- Aggregate polls
Source of poll aggregation |
Dates administered |
Dates updated |
Ted Cruz |
Ron DeSantis |
Nikki Haley |
Mike Pence |
Mike Pompeo |
Marco Rubio |
Tim Scott |
Donald Trump |
Other/Undecided [ao] |
Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Real Clear Politics | June 28 – August 10, 2022 | August 12, 2022 | 2.8% | 20.5% | 2.5% | 7.5% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 51.8% | 8.4% | Trump +31.3 |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Tucker Carlson |
Ted Cruz |
Ron DeSantis |
Nikki Haley |
Josh Hawley |
Larry Hogan |
Mike Pence |
Mike Pompeo |
Mitt Romney |
Marco Rubio |
Tim Scott |
Donald Trump |
Donald Trump Jr. |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Politico/Morning Consult | August 10, 2022 | 2004 (RV) | ±2.0% | – | 2% | 18% | 2% | 1% | – | 8% | 1% | – | 1% | 1% | 56% | – | 1%[ap] | – |
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1885 (RV) | – | – | 3% | 19% | 5% | – | – | 7% | 1% | – | 1% | 1% | 52% | – | 2%[aq] | 9% |
Suffolk University | July 22–25, 2022 | 414 (RV) | – | – | – | 34% | 3% | – | – | 7% | 1% | – | – | – | 43% | – | 5%[ar] | 8% |
Politico/Morning Consult | July 15–17, 2022 | 2005 (RV) | ±2.0% | – | 3% | 23% | 2% | – | 0% | 7% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 53% | – | – | – |
Politico/Morning Consult | July 8–10, 2022 | 2005 (RV) | ±2.0% | – | 2% | 21% | 3% | – | 1% | 8% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 0% | 52% | – | – | – |
The New York Times/Siena College | July 5–7, 2022 | 849 (RV) | ±4.1% | – | 7% | 25% | 6% | – | – | 6% | 2% | – | – | – | 49% | – | 1% | 5% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 13–18, 2022 | 468 (LV) | – | – | – | 13% | 4% | – | 1% | 9% | – | 3% | 2% | 1% | 53% | – | – | 8% |
John Bolton Super PAC | January 6, 2022 | 501 (LV) | – | – | 5% | 19% | 4% | – | – | 4% | 1% | – | 2% | – | 36% | – | – | 22% |
UMass Amherst | December 14–20, 2021 | 306 (A) | – | – | 6% | 20% | 7% | – | – | 6% | 2% | – | – | 4% | 55% | – | – | – |
McLaughlin & Associates | November 11–16, 2021 | 450 (LV) | – | – | 2% | 15% | 3% | – | – | 7% | 1% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 55% | – | 6% | 8% |
Zogby Analytics | November 8–10, 2021 | 371 (LV) | – | – | 2% | 7% | 5% | – | – | 12% | 2% | – | 1% | – | 59% | – | 6%[as] | 4% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | November 4–8, 2021 | 559 (A) | – | 3% | – | 21% | 5% | – | – | 4% | – | – | 3% | – | 44% | – | 1%[at] | 19% |
Harvard/Harris | October 26–28, 2021 | 490 (LV) | ±4.0% | – | – | 10% | – | – | – | 9% | – | – | – | – | 47% | – | 15% | 19% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | October 19–21, 2021 | 629 (A) | – | 1% | – | 18% | 4% | 1% | – | 5% | – | – | 2% | 2% | 41% | – | 2%[au] | 24% |
Echelon Insights (Archive) Archived October 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine | October 15–19, 2021 | 476 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 66%[av] | – | 31% | 4% |
– | – | 22% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 62%[av] | – | – | 16% | ||||
McLaughlin & Associates | October 14–18, 2021 | 463 (LV) | – | – | 3% | 10% | 4% | – | – | 9% | 1% | 4% | 2% | 1% | 53%[av] | – | 9%[aw] | 6% |
Morning Consult | October 8–11, 2021 | 803 (RV) | – | – | 3% | 12% | 3% | 0% | 0% | 12% | 0% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 47% | 6% | 6%[ax] | 4% |
Echelon Insights | September 17–23, 2021 | 479 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 59%[av] | – | 32% | 9% |
John Bolton Super PAC | September 16–18, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.1% | – | 5% | 25% | 6% | 1% | – | 3% | – | – | 2% | 2% | 26% | – | 10%[ay] | 20% |
Harvard/Harris | September 15–16, 2021 | 490 (LV) | ±4.0% | – | – | 9% | 3% | – | – | 13% | – | – | 3% | – | 58% | – | 0% | 14% |
McLaughlin & Associates | September 9–14, 2021 | 456 (LV) | – | – | 3% | 8% | 2% | – | – | 10% | 1% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 59%[av] | – | 7%[az] | 4% |
Emerson College | August 30 – September 1, 2021 | 395 (RV) | ± 4.9% | – | 2% | 10% | 7% | 1% | – | 6% | – | 3% | – | – | 67% | – | 5%[ba] | 1% |
McLaughlin & Associates | July 29 – August 3, 2021 | 467 (LV) | – | – | 3% | 11% | 4% | – | – | 8% | 1% | 3% | 3% | 0% | 54%[av] | – | 7%[bb] | 6% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 30 – August 2, 2021 | 518 (A) | – | 2% | – | 13% | 4% | 0% | – | 3% | – | – | 1% | 1% | 58% | – | 1%[bc] | 17% |
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates | July 6–8, 2021 | 800 (RV) | ± 3.5% | – | 2% | 19% | 3% | 0% | 1% | 8% | 0% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 47%[av] | - | 2%[bd] | 13% |
– | – | 31% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 58%[av] | – | – | 11% | ||||
John Bolton Super PAC | July 8, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | – | 5% | 13% | 5% | 0% | – | 6% | – | – | 3% | 0% | 46% | – | 22% | – |
Echelon Insights | June 18–22, 2021 | 386 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 59%[av] | – | 35% | 6% |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 16–20, 2021 | 444 (LV) | – | – | 4% | 9% | 3% | – | – | 8% | 1% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 55%[av] | – | 8%[be] | 7% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | May 24–26, 2021 | 378 (A) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 65% | – | 19%[bf] | 16% |
Quinnipiac | May 18–24, 2021 | ~290 (A)[bg] | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 66% | – | 30%[bh] | 4% |
McLaughlin & Associates | May 12–18, 2021 | 444 (LV) | – | 1% | 3% | 8% | 5% | – | – | 10% | 1% | 2% | 0% | 1% | 57%[av] | – | 7%[bi] | 7% |
Echelon Insights | May 14–17, 2021 | 479 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 63%[av] | – | 31% | 6% |
Morning Consult/Politico | May 14–17, 2021 | 782 (RV) | ± 2% | – | 4% | 8% | 4% | 0% | 0% | 13% | 1% | 4% | 1% | 2% | 48% | 7% | 9%[bj] | – |
YouGov/Yahoo News | May 11–13, 2021 | 348 (A) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 68% | – | 22%[bk] | 10% |
Trafalgar Group | Apr 30 – May 6, 2021 | – (LV)[bl] | – | –[av] | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 62% | – | 27%[bm] | 11%[bn] |
Echelon Insights | Apr 16–23, 2021 | 440 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 59%[av] | – | 35% | 6% |
McLaughlin & Associates | Apr 8–13, 2021 | 441 (LV) | – | 1% | 3% | 7% | 2% | – | – | 10% | 1% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 55%[av] | – | 8%[bo] | 9% |
PEM Management Corporation | Apr 3–7, 2021 | 494 (LV) | – | – | 7% | 9% | 9% | – | – | 6% | – | – | 3% | – | 44% | – | 1%[bp] | – |
Echelon Insights | March 15–21, 2021 | 1,008 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 60%[av] | – | 30% | 10% |
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates/The Hill | Feb 20 – March 2, 2021 | 1,264 (LV) | ± 2.7% | – | 3% | 7% | 6% | 1% | 1% | 9% | 1% | 5% | 2% | 0% | 51%[av] | - | 3%[bq] | 12% |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 57%[br] | – | 16%[bs] | 27% | ||||
McLaughlin & Associates | Feb 24–28, 2021 | 448 (LV) | – | 1% | 5% | 4% | 3% | – | – | 8% | – | 3% | 1% | – | 54%[av] | – | 9%[bt] | 10% |
Harvard/Harris | Feb 23–25, 2021 | 546 (RV) | – | – | 5% | – | 7% | 2% | – | 18% | – | – | – | 2% | 52%[av] | – | 13%[bu] | – |
Echelon Insights | Feb 12–18, 2021 | 430 (RV) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 55%[av] | – | 32% | 14% |
Morning Consult/Politico | Feb 14–15, 2021 | 645 (RV) | ± 4% | – | 4% | – | 6% | 1% | 1% | 12% | 2% | 4% | 2% | 1% | 54% | 6% | 10%[bv] | – |
Echelon Insights | Jan 20–26, 2021 | – (RV)[bw] | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 48%[av] | – | 40% | 11% |
Léger | Jan 15–17, 2021 | 1,007 (A)[bx] | ± 3.09% | – | 6% | 2% | 7% | 1% | 6% | 13% | 2% | 19% | 3% | 3% | 29%[av] | 2% | 6%[by] | – |
Ipsos/Axios | Jan 11–13, 2021 | 334 (A) | ± 5.8% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 57% | – | 41% | 1%[bz] |
Morning Consult/Politico | Jan 8–11, 2021 | 702 (RV) | – | – | 7% | – | 6% | 1% | 0% | 18% | 1% | 5% | 2% | 1% | 40% | 6% | 15%[ca] | – |
McLaughlin & Associates | Dec 9–13, 2020 | 442 (LV) | – | 3% | 5% | 1% | 3% | – | – | 11% | 1% | 4% | 1% | 1% | 56% | – | 5%[cb] | 10% |
Fox News | Dec 6–9, 2020 | ~ 413 (RV) | ± 4.5% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 71% | – | 21%[cc] | 8% |
McLaughlin & Associates/Newsmax | Nov 21–23, 2020 | 442 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 1% | 4% | 2% | 4% | – | – | 9% | 1% | 4% | 2% | 1% | 53%[av] | – | 6%[cd] | 15% |
Morning Consult/Politico | Nov 21–23, 2020 | 765 (RV) | ± 2% | – | 4% | – | 4% | 1% | 0% | 12% | – | 4% | 2% | 1% | 53% | 8% | 11%[ce] | – |
HarrisX/The Hill | Nov 17–19, 2020 | 599 (RV) | ± 2.26% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 75% | – | 25% | – |
Seven Letter Insight | Nov 10–19, 2020 | ~555 (V)[cf] | ± 2.5% | 2% | 6% | – | 7% | 1% | – | 19% | – | – | 4% | 2% | 35% | 11% | 4%[cg] | – |
Léger | Nov 13–15, 2020 | 304 (A)[ch] | ± 3.09% | 4% | 7% | – | 4% | – | – | 22% | 2% | 8% | 5% | – | 45%[av] | – | 5%[ci] | – |
YouGov/Washington Examiner | October 30, 2020 | – (RV)[cj] | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 38% | – | 43%[ck] | – |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Tucker Carlson |
Ted Cruz |
Ron DeSantis |
Nikki Haley |
Josh Hawley |
Larry Hogan |
Mike Pence |
Mike Pompeo |
Mitt Romney |
Marco Rubio |
Tim Scott |
Donald Trump Jr. |
Other | Undecided | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1885 (RV) | – | – | 7% | 34% | 7% | – | – | 19% | 3% | – | 3% | 1% | – | 3%[cl] | 22% | ||||||||
NewsStation/Decision Desk HQ | July 22–24, 2022 | 1,000 (RV) | ±3.0% | – | 5% | 23% | 5% | – | – | 20% | – | – | – | – | – | 44%[cm] | – | ||||||||
Echelon Insights | June 17–20, 2022 | 409 (LV) | – | – | 6% | 39% | 3% | 1% | 0% | 18% | 0% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 7% | 5%[cn] | 15% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[1] | November 12–18, 2021 | 435 (RV) | – | – | 10% | 26% | 6% | 1% | 0% | 15% | 1% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 13% | 5%[co] | 20% | ||||||||
Harvard/Harris | October 26–28, 2021 | 490 (LV) | ±4.0% | – | 12% | 21% | – | – | – | 23% | – | – | – | – | – | 0% | 43% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[2] | October 15–19, 2021 | 476 (RV) | – | 2% | 8% | 22% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 8% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 2% | 13% | 8%[cp] | 22% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | October 14–18, 2021 | 463 (LV) | – | – | 5% | 24% | 5% | – | – | 14% | 1% | 5% | 2% | 2% | 18% | 11%[cq] | 13% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[3] | September 17–23, 2021 | 479 (RV) | – | 2% | 9% | 22% | 6% | 1% | 1% | 15% | 2% | 4% | 2% | 1% | 9% | 11%[cr] | 21% | ||||||||
Harvard/Harris | September 15–16, 2021 | 490 (LV) | ±4.0% | – | 14% | 20% | – | – | – | 32% | – | – | – | – | – | 0% | 38% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | September 9–14, 2021 | 456 (LV) | – | – | 7% | 22% | 4% | – | – | 15% | 2% | 4% | 2% | 2% | 19% | 12%[cs] | 11% | ||||||||
Emerson College | August 30 – September 1, 2021 | 395 (RV) | ± 4.9% | – | 13% | 32% | 10% | 6% | – | 24% | – | 6% | – | – | – | 9%[ct] | 0% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | July 29 – August 3, 2021 | 467 (LV) | – | – | 9% | 23% | 4% | – | – | 11% | 2% | 4% | 4% | 1% | 12% | 16%[cu] | 14% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[4] | July 19–23, 2021 | 421 (RV) | – | 1% | 9% | 32% | 4% | 1% | 0%[cv] | 17% | 1% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 10% | 6%[cw] | 13% | ||||||||
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates | July 6–8, 2021 | 800 (RV) | ± 3.5% | – | 7% | 39% | 4% | 0% | 1% | 15% | 1% | 3% | – | 2% | – | 4%[cx] | 24% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[5] | June 18–22, 2021 | 386 (RV) | – | 1% | 6% | 21% | 6% | 0%[cy] | 0%[cz] | 14% | 0%[da] | 4% | 3% | 2% | 7% | 7%[db] | 26% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | June 16–20, 2021 | 444 (LV) | – | – | 6% | 24% | 4% | – | – | 19% | 1% | 5% | 2% | 1% | 15% | 13%[dc] | 11% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | May 12–18, 2021 | 444 (LV) | – | 1% | 12% | 18% | 5% | – | – | 19% | 2% | 3% | 1% | 2% | 13% | 13%[dd] | 12% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[6] | May 14–17, 2021 | 479 (RV) | – | 2% | 9% | 22% | 5% | 1% | 0%[de] | 14% | 1% | 4% | 1% | 3% | 6% | 9%[df] | 19% | ||||||||
Trafalgar Group | Apr 30 – May 6, 2021 | – (LV)[dg] | – | – | 15% | 35% | 6% | 1% | – | 10% | – | 10% | – | – | – | 21%[dh] | – | ||||||||
Echelon Insights[7] | Apr 16–23, 2021 | 440 (RV) | – | 2% | 8% | 20% | 6% | 1% | 0%[di] | 16% | 1% | 4% | 2% | 0%[dj] | 9% | 3%[dk] | 28% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | Apr 8–13, 2021 | 441 (LV) | – | 3% | 10% | 14% | 3% | – | – | 19% | 2% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 15% | 13%[dl] | 14% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights | March 15–21, 2021 | 1,008 (RV) | – | 4% | 5% | 17% | 4% | – | – | 16% | 4% | 3% | 2% | – | 3% | 7%[dm] | 35% | ||||||||
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates/The Hill[8] | Feb 20 – March 2, 2021 | 1,264 (LV) | ± 2.7% | – | 13% | 17% | 8% | 2% | 1% | 19% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 1% | – | 7%[dn] | 20% | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | Feb 24–28, 2021 | 448 (LV) | – | 1% | 9% | 9% | 5% | – | – | 15% | – | 6% | 2% | – | 21% | 16%[do] | 17% | ||||||||
RMG Research/Just the News | Feb 25–27, 2021 | 363 (RV) | – | 8% | 18% | 21% | 10% | 2% | – | – | 9% | – | – | – | – | 33%[dp] | – | ||||||||
Harvard/Harris | Feb 23–25, 2021 | 546 (RV) | – | – | 16% | – | 10% | 6% | – | 41% | – | – | – | 7% | – | 19%[dq] | – | ||||||||
Echelon Insights | Feb 12–18, 2021 | 430 (RV) | – | 1% | 10% | 8% | 6% | ≤1% | 1% | 21% | 1% | 4% | ≤1% | ≤1% | 8% | 12%[dr] | 26% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights | Jan 20–26, 2021 | – (RV)[ds] | – | 2% | 8% | 2% | 9% | 0% | 0% | 21% | 1% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 10% | 10%[dt] | 30% | ||||||||
Inauguration of Joe Biden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Léger | Jan 15–17, 2021 | 1,007 (A)[du] | ± 3.09% | – | 9% | 3% | 8% | 2% | 7% | 22% | 3% | 20% | 4% | 3% | 11% | 8%[dv] | – | ||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates/Newsmax | Nov 21–23, 2020 | 442 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 1% | 7% | 2% | 6% | – | – | 20% | 1% | 5% | 3% | 2% | 20% | 13%[dw] | 22% | ||||||||
Léger | Nov 13–15, 2020 | 304 (A)[dx] | ± 3.1% | 6% | 14% | – | 6% | – | – | 44% | 3% | 11% | 6% | – | – | 7%[dy] | – | ||||||||
2020 presidential election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLaughlin & Associates | Nov 2–3, 2020 | 449 (LV) | – | 2% | 5% | 2% | 8% | – | – | 30% | – | 5% | 2% | 1% | 20% | 5%[dz] | 21% | ||||||||
Echelon Insights | Aug 14–18, 2020 | 423 (LV) | – | 2% | 4% | – | 7% | 0% | 1% | 26% | – | – | 5% | 1% | 12% | 11%[ea] | 29% | ||||||||
Léger | Aug 4–7, 2020 | 309 (LV) | ± 2.8% | 7% | 8% | – | 11% | – | – | 31% | 3% | 9% | 5% | – | 17% | 9%[eb] | – |
Statewide polling
- Maryland primary
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Ted Cruz |
Ron DeSantis |
Nikki Haley |
Larry Hogan |
Mike Pence |
Donald Trump |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OpinionWorks | May 27 – Jun 2, 2022 | 428 (LV) | ± 4.7% | 1% | 12% | 5% | 25% | 6% | 48% | 3% |
- Virginia primary
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Donald Trump |
Glenn Youngkin |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roanoke College | Aug 7–16, 2022 | 640 (A) | ± 4.5% | 62% | 28% | 10% |
General election polling
- Biden vs. Trump
- Aggregate polls
Source of poll aggregation |
Dates administered |
Dates updated |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/Undecided [ec] |
Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RealClearPolitics | September 18 – October 26, 2022 | November 1, 2022 | 44.5% | 44.3% | 11.2% | Biden +0.2 |
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YouGov/Yahoo News | October 27–31, 2022 | 1,172 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 48% | 42% | 10% |
Benenson Strategy Group | October 27–30, 2022 | 1,000 (V) | ± 3.1% | 45% | 43% | 12% |
Echelon Insights | October 24–26, 2022 | 1,014 (LV) | ± 3.8% | 45% | 46% | 9% |
Fabrizio Ward/Impact Research | October 22–26, 2022 | 1,500 (RV) | – | 46% | 46% | 8% |
Suffolk University | October 19–24, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 46% | 42% | 12% |
Emerson College | October 18–19, 2022 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 40% | 17% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | October 13–17, 2022 | 1,209 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 46% | 44% | 10% |
McLaughlin & Associates | October 12–17, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 44% | 50% | 6% |
Rasmussen Reports | October 12–13, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 40% | 44% | 16% |
Harvard/Harris | October 12–13, 2022 | 2,010 (RV) | – | 43% | 45% | 12% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | October 12, 2022 | 1,110 (LV) | – | 40% | 41% | 19% |
Siena College/The New York Times | October 9–12, 2022 | 792 (LV) | – | 44% | 45% | 11% |
John Zogby Strategies | October 5, 2022 | 1,006 (LV) | ± 3.2% | 45% | 41% | 14% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | October 2–3, 2022 | 1,128 (LV) | – | 43% | 41% | 16% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | September 23–27, 2022 | 1,138 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 47% | 45% | 8% |
McLaughlin & Associates | September 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 45% | 49% | 6% |
Emerson College | September 20–21, 2022 | 1,368 (LV) | ± 2.6% | 45% | 44% | 11% |
ABC News/The Washington Post | September 18–21, 2022 | 908 (RV) | ± 3.5% | 46% | 48% | 6% |
Premise | September 16–19, 2022 | 1,703 (A) | – | 51% | 49% | – |
Echelon Insights | September 16–19, 2022 | 1,056 (LV) | ± 3.8% | 47% | 44% | 9% |
Refield & Wilton Strategies | September 14–15, 2022 | 1,163 (LV) | – | 43% | 40% | 17% |
Marquette University | September 6–14, 2022 | 1,282 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 42% | 36% | 22% |
Siena College/The New York Times | September 6–14, 2022 | 1,399 (RV) | – | 45% | 42% | 13% |
Harvard/Harris | September 7–8, 2022 | 1,854 (RV) | – | 42% | 45% | 13% |
Echelon Insights | August 31 – September 7, 2022 | 1,228 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 46% | 45% | 9% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | September 2–6, 2022 | 1,247 (RV) | ± 2.6% | 48% | 42% | 10% |
Premise | September 2–5, 2022 | 1,185 (RV) | – | 51% | 49% | – |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | August 28, 2022 | 1,050 (LV) | – | 40% | 42% | 18% |
Fabrizio Ward/Impact Research | August 17–25, 2022 | 1,313 (RV) | – | 50% | 44% | 6% |
Emerson College | August 23–24, 2022 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 42% | 15% |
McLaughlin & Associates | August 20–24, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 45% | 49% | 6% |
Echelon Insights | August 19–22, 2022 | 1,054 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 47% | 42% | 11% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | August 18–22, 2022 | 1,185 (RV) | – | 46% | 42% | 12% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | August 17, 2022 | 1,156 (LV) | – | 39% | 42% | 19% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 28 – August 1, 2022 | 1,152 (RV) | – | 45% | 42% | 13% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | July 29, 2022 | 1,094 (LV) | – | 35% | 42% | 23% |
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1,885 (RV) | – | 41% | 45% | 14% |
Rasmussen Reports | July 26–27, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 40% | 46% | 14% |
Suffolk University | July 22–25, 2022 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.1% | 45% | 41% | 14% |
Emerson College | July 19–20, 2022 | 1,078 (RV) | ± 2.9% | 43% | 46% | 11% |
Echelon Insights | July 15–18, 2022 | 1,022 (LV) | – | 46% | 44% | 10% |
The Trafalgar Group (R) | July 11–14, 2022 | 1,085 (LV) | ± 2.9% | 43% | 48% | 10% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | July 9, 2022 | 1,078 (LV) | – | 41% | 43% | 16% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 8–11, 2022 | 1,261 (RV) | – | 44% | 43% | 13% |
The New York Times/Siena College | July 5–7, 2022 | 849 (RV) | ± 4.1% | 44% | 41% | 14% |
Harvard/Harris | June 28–29, 2022 | 1,308 (RV) | – | 40% | 43% | 17% |
Emerson College | June 28–29, 2022 | 1,271 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 39% | 44% | 17% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 24–27, 2022 | 1,239 (RV) | – | 46% | 43% | 11% |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 44% | 49% | 7% |
Echelon Insights | June 17–20, 2022 | 1,030 (LV) | – | 45% | 43% | 12% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | June 15, 2022 | 1,064 (LV) | – | 38% | 41% | 21% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 10–13, 2022 | 1,243 (RV) | – | 42% | 44% | 14% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | May 30, 2022 | 1,173 (LV) | – | 38% | 42% | 20% |
Emerson College | May 24–25, 2022 | 1,148 (RV) | ± 2.8% | 42% | 44% | 14% |
Echelon Insights | May 20–23, 2022 | 1,020 (LV) | – | 45% | 44% | 11% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | May 19–22, 2022 | 1,360 (RV) | – | 44% | 42% | 14% |
Harvard/Harris | May 18–19, 2022 | 1,963 (RV) | – | 42% | 45% | 13% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | May 17, 2022 | 1,120 (LV) | – | 39% | 42% | 19% |
Rasmussen Reports | April 28 – May 2, 2022 | 1,004 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 36% | 50% | 14% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | May 1, 2022 | 1,096 (LV) | – | 40% | 44% | 16% |
Emerson College | April 25–26, 2022 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 43% | 15% |
McLaughlin & Associates | April 22–26, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 43% | 50% | 7% |
Morning Consult | April 22–25, 2022 | 2,004 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 45% | 44% | 11% |
InsiderAdvantage (R) | April 21–23, 2022 | 750 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 43% | 47% | 10% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | April 19–22, 2022 | 1,187 (RV) | – | 43% | 41% | 16% |
Harvard/Harris | April 20–21, 2022 | 1,966 (RV) | – | 43% | 45% | 12% |
Echelon Insights | April 18–20, 2022 | 1,001 (LV) | – | 45% | 44% | 11% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | April 18, 2022 | 1,500 (LV) | – | 41% | 43% | 16% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | March 31 – April 4, 2022 | 1,233 (RV) | – | 45% | 40% | 15% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | April 3, 2022 | 1,205 (LV) | – | 38% | 43% | 19% |
Marquette Law School | March 14–24, 2022 | 1,004 (A) | ± 4.0% | 41% | 37% | 22% |
Harvard/Harris | March 23–24, 2022 | 1,990 (RV) | – | 41% | 47% | 12% |
McLaughlin & Associates | March 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 46% | 49% | 5% |
Echelon Insights | March 18–21, 2022 | 1,050 (RV) | – | 46% | 44% | 10% |
University of Massachusetts Lowell | March 15–21, 2022 | 873 (RV) | ± 3.7% | 44% | 42% | 14% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | March 20, 2022 | 1,193 (LV) | – | 41% | 41% | 18% |
Emerson College | March 18–20, 2022 | 1,023 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 45% | 13% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | March 10–14, 2022 | 1,225 (RV) | – | 47% | 39% | 14% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | March 8, 2022 | 1,194 (LV) | – | 40% | 42% | 18% |
Wall Street Journal | March 2–7, 2022 | 1,500 (RV) | – | 45% | 45% | 9% |
Schoen Cooperman Research | March 2–6, 2022 | 800 (LV) | – | 44% | 44% | 12% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | February 24–27, 2022 | 1,532 (A) | ± 2.9% | 40% | 39% | 21% |
NewsNation | February 23–24, 2022 | 1,046 (RV) | – | 37% | 41% | 22% |
Harvard/Harris | February 23–24, 2022 | 2,026 (RV) | – | 42% | 48% | 10% |
Echelon Insights | February 19–23, 2022 | 1,078 (RV) | – | 45% | 43% | 12% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | February 23, 2022 | 1,367 (LV) | – | 42% | 38% | 20% |
McLaughlin & Associates | February 16–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 45% | 48% | 7% |
Emerson College | February 19–20, 2022 | 1,138 (RV) | ± 2.8% | 44% | 48% | 8% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | February 6, 2022 | 1,406 (LV) | – | 41% | 41% | 18% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | January 20–24, 2022 | 1,568 (A) | ± 2.8% | 42% | 40% | 18% |
Morning Consult | January 22–23, 2022 | 2,005 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 45% | 44% | 11% |
Echelon Insights | January 21–23, 2022 | 1,098 (RV) | – | 47% | 43% | 10% |
Marquette Law School[ed] | January 10–21, 2022 | 1,000 (A) | – | 43% | 33% | 24% |
Harvard/Harris | January 19–20, 2022 | 1,815 (RV) | – | 40% | 46% | 14% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 13–18, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 44% | 49% | 7% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | January 8–9, 2022 | 1,430 (LV) | – | 39% | 38% | 23% |
PMC/John Bolton Super Pac | January 6, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 45% | 44% | 11% |
Rasmussen Reports | January 5, 2022 | 1,015 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 40% | 46% | 14% |
InsiderAdvantage (R) | December 17–19, 2021 | 750 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 41% | 49% | 10% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | December 18, 2021 | 1,411 (LV) | – | 34% | 39% | 27% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | December 9–13, 2021 | 1,558 (A) | – | 47% | 41% | 12% |
Echelon Insights | December 9–13, 2021 | 1,098 (RV) | – | 47% | 44% | 9% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | December 5, 2021 | 1,387 (LV) | – | 38% | 42% | 20% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 45% | 48% | 7% |
Rasmussen Reports | November 22–23, 2021 | 1,200 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 32% | 45% | 23% |
Wall Street Journal | November 16–22, 2021 | 1,500 (RV) | – | 46% | 45% | 10% |
Echelon Insights[permanent dead link] | November 12–18, 2021 | 1,013 (RV) | – | 45% | 45% | 10% |
McLaughlin & Associates | November 11–16, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 44% | 49% | 7% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | November 15, 2021 | 1,500 (RV) | – | 35% | 41% | 24% |
Marquette Law School[ee] | November 1–10, 2021 | 1,004 (A) | – | 42% | 34% | 24% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | November 4–8, 2021 | 1,673 (A) | – | 43% | 39% | 18% |
Suffolk University | November 3–5, 2021 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.1% | 40% | 44% | 16% |
Emerson College | November 3–4, 2021 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 45% | 12% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | October 31, 2021 | 1,387 (LV) | – | 42% | 42% | 16% |
Harvard/Harris | October 26–28, 2021 | 1,578 (LV) | – | 45% | 46% | 9% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | October 19–21, 2021 | 1,704 (A) | – | 43% | 40% | 17% |
Echelon Insights | October 15–19, 2021 | 1,098 (RV) | – | 48% | 42% | 10% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | October 17, 2021 | 1,366 (LV) | – | 42% | 40% | 18% |
Selzer and Company/Grinnell College | October 13–17, 2021 | 745 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 40% | 40% | 19% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | October 4–6, 2021 | 1,345 (LV) | – | 43% | 41% | 16% |
Echelon Insights | September 17–23, 2021 | 1,005 (RV) | – | 50% | 39% | 11% |
Rasmussen Reports | September 21–22, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 41% | 51% | 8% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | September 19–20, 2021 | 1,330 (LV) | – | 42% | 40% | 18% |
McLaughlin & Associates | September 9–14, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 47% | 50% | 3% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | September 4–5, 2021 | 1,357 (LV) | – | 45% | 42% | 13% |
Emerson College | August 30 – September 1, 2021 | 1,200 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 46% | 47% | 7% |
Rasmussen Reports | August 16–17, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 37% | 43% | 20% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 30 – August 2, 2021 | 1,552 (A) | – | 47% | 37% | 16% |
PMC/John Bolton Super Pac | July 8, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 46% | 43% | 11% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 22–24, 2021 | 1,592 (A) | – | 47% | 35% | 18% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | May 24–26, 2021 | 1,588 (A) | – | 46% | 36% | 18% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | May 11–13, 2021 | 1,561 (A) | – | 48% | 36% | 16% |
Ipsos/Reuters | April 12–16, 2021 | 1,106 (A) | – | 45% | 28% | 27% |
PMC/John Bolton Super Pac | April 3–7, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 46% | 42% | 12% |
- Biden vs. Trump with Liz Cheney as an independent
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Liz Cheney Independent |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Premise | September 2–5, 2022 | 1,185 (RV) | – | 37% | 42% | 21% | – |
Echelon Insights | August 19–22, 2022 | 1,054 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 38% | 41% | 12% | 9% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | August 18–22, 2022 | 1,185 (RV) | – | 32% | 40% | 11% | 17% |
- Biden vs. Trump vs. Matthew McConaughey
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Matthew McConaughey |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Bullfinch Group | August 5–8, 2022 | 1,008 (RV) | ± 3.1% | 37% | 39% | 14% | 10% |
Echelon Insights | June 17–20, 2022 | 1,030 (RV) | – | 39% | 40% | 11% | 9% |
- Biden vs. Trump vs. Andrew Yang
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Andrew Yang Forward |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Echelon Insights | August 19–22, 2022 | 1,054 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 43% | 39% | 8% | 10% |
Echelon Insights | October 15–19, 2021 | 1,098 (RV) | – | 44% | 40% | 5% | 11% |
- Biden vs. Ron DeSantis
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marquette University | September 6–14, 2022 | 1,282 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 43% | 38% | 19% |
Echelon Insights | August 31 – September 7, 2022 | 1,228 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 46% | 41% | 13% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 28 – August 1, 2022 | 1,152 (RV) | – | 45% | 42% | 13% |
Echelon Insights | July 15–18, 2022 | 1,022 (LV) | – | 45% | 41% | 14% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 24–27, 2022 | 1,239 (RV) | – | 45% | 42% | 13% |
Rasmussen Reports | April 28 – May 2, 2022 | 1,004 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 35% | 46% | 19% |
Marquette Law School | March 14–24, 2022 | 1,004 (A) | ± 4.0% | 38% | 33% | 29% |
Morning Consult | January 22–23, 2022 | 2,005 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 44% | 39% | 17% |
Marquette Law School[ef] | January 10–21, 2022 | 1,000 (A) | – | 41% | 33% | 26% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 43% | 36% | 21% |
Emerson College | August 30 – September 1, 2021 | 1,200 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 48% | 36% | 16% |
Echelon Insights | April 16–23, 2021 | 1,043 (RV) | – | 45% | 28% | 27% |
Ipsos/Reuters | April 12–16, 2021 | 1,105 (A) | – | 41% | 25% | 34% |
- Biden vs. DeSantis with Trump as an independent
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Donald Trump Independent |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Echelon Insights | August 19–22, 2022 | 1,054 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 46% | 23% | 21% | 10% |
- Biden vs. Nikki Haley
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Nikki Haley Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ipsos/Reuters | April 12–16, 2021 | 1,107 (A) | – | 44% | 19% | 37% |
- Biden vs. Ted Cruz
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Ted Cruz Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Morning Consult | January 22–23, 2022 | 2,005 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 45% | 39% | 16% |
Ipsos/Reuters | April 12–16, 2021 | 1,105 (A) | – | 46% | 24% | 30% |
- Biden vs. Mitt Romney
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Mitt Romney Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Echelon Insights | March 18–21, 2022 | 1,050 (RV) | – | 41% | 35% | 24% |
Emerson College | August 30 – September 1, 2021 | 1,200 (RV) | ± 2.7% | 42% | 23% | 35% |
- Biden vs. Mike Pence
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Mike Pence Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marquette Law School | March 14–24, 2022 | 1,004 (A) | ± 4.0% | 37% | 33% | 29% |
Morning Consult | January 22–23, 2022 | 2,005 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 44% | 42% | 14% |
- Biden vs. Liz Cheney
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Liz Cheney Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Premise | September 2–5, 2022 | 1,185 (RV) | – | 42% | 58% | – |
- Biden vs. generic Republican
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Generic Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Morning Consult | April 22–25, 2022 | 2,004 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 39% | 46% | 15% |
Morning Consult | January 22–23, 2022 | 2,005 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 37% | 46% | 17% |
- Kamala Harris vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
McLaughlin & Associates | October 12–17, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 42% | 51% | 7% |
Harvard/Harris | October 12–13, 2022 | 2,010 (RV) | – | 38% | 49% | 13% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | October 12, 2022 | 1,110 (LV) | – | 40% | 42% | 18% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | October 2–3, 2022 | 1,128 (LV) | – | 41% | 41% | 18% |
McLaughlin & Associates | September 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 42% | 51% | 7% |
Refield & Wilton Strategies | September 14–15, 2022 | 1,163 (LV) | – | 40% | 42% | 18% |
Harvard/Harris | September 7–8, 2022 | 1,854 (RV) | – | 40% | 47% | 13% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | August 28, 2022 | 1,050 (LV) | – | 40% | 43% | 17% |
McLaughlin & Associates | August 20–24, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 43% | 51% | 6% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | August 17, 2022 | 1,156 (LV) | – | 37% | 43% | 20% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | July 28 – August 1, 2022 | 1,152 (RV) | – | 45% | 44% | 11% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | July 29, 2022 | 1,094 (LV) | – | 36% | 42% | 22% |
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1,885 (RV) | – | 40% | 47% | 13% |
Echelon Insights | July 15–18, 2022 | 1,022 (LV) | – | 46% | 44% | 10% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | July 9, 2022 | 1,078 (LV) | – | 39% | 43% | 18% |
Harvard/Harris | June 28–29, 2022 | 1,308 (RV) | – | 39% | 45% | 16% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 24–27, 2022 | 1,239 (RV) | – | 44% | 45% | 11% |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 42% | 50% | 8% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | June 15, 2022 | 1,064 (LV) | – | 37% | 43% | 20% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | May 30, 2022 | 1,173 (LV) | – | 40% | 46% | 14% |
Harvard/Harris | May 18–19, 2022 | 1,963 (RV) | – | 40% | 47% | 14% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | May 17, 2022 | 1,120 (LV) | – | 37% | 44% | 19% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | May 1, 2022 | 1,096 (LV) | – | 39% | 43% | 18% |
McLaughlin & Associates | April 22–26, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 41% | 51% | 8% |
Harvard/Harris | April 20–21, 2022 | 1,966 (RV) | – | 41% | 47% | 12% |
Echelon Insights | April 18–20, 2022 | 1,001 (LV) | – | 43% | 47% | 10% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | April 18, 2022 | 1,500 (LV) | – | 39% | 45% | 16% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | April 3, 2022 | 1,205 (LV) | – | 35% | 44% | 21% |
Harvard/Harris | March 23–24, 2022 | 1,990 (RV) | – | 38% | 49% | 13% |
McLaughlin & Associates | March 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 42% | 50% | 8% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | March 20, 2022 | 1,193 (LV) | – | 39% | 42% | 19% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | March 8, 2022 | 1,194 (LV) | – | 37% | 42% | 21% |
Schoen Cooperman Research | March 2–6, 2022 | 800 (LV) | – | 43% | 47% | 10% |
Harvard/Harris | February 23–24, 2022 | 2,026 (RV) | – | 39% | 51% | 10% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | February 23, 2022 | 1,367 (LV) | – | 41% | 37% | 22% |
McLaughlin & Associates | February 16–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 43% | 50% | 7% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | February 6, 2022 | 1,406 (RV) | – | 40% | 43% | 17% |
Harvard/Harris | January 19–20, 2022 | 1,815 (RV) | – | 39% | 49% | 12% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 13–18, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 40% | 51% | 9% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | January 8–9, 2022 | 1,430 (LV) | – | 41% | 41% | 18% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | December 5, 2021 | 1,387 (LV) | – | 38% | 42% | 20% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 41% | 50% | 9% |
McLaughlin & Associates | November 11–16, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 42% | 50% | 8% |
Redfield and Wilton Strategies | November 15, 2021 | 1,500 (RV) | – | 33% | 42% | 25% |
McLaughlin & Associates | October 14–18, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 46% | 49% | 4% |
Rasmussen Reports | September 21–22, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 39% | 52% | 9% |
McLaughlin & Associates | September 9–14, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 47% | 49% | 4% |
McLaughlin & Associates | July 29 – August 3, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 46% | 49% | 5% |
Echelon Insights | June 18–22, 2021 | 1,001 (RV) | – | 47% | 40% | 13% |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 16–20, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 45% | 49% | 6% |
McLaughlin & Associates | May 12–18, 2021 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 45% | 49% | 6% |
- Kamala Harris vs. Mike Pence
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris Democratic |
Mike Pence Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Echelon Insights | June 18–22, 2021 | 1,001 (RV) | – | 45% | 36% | 19% |
- Kamala Harris vs. Ron DeSantis
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harvard/Harris | September 7–8, 2022 | 1,854 (RV) | – | 41% | 38% | 21% |
Harvard/Harris | July 27–28, 2022 | 1,885 (RV) | – | 41% | 40% | 19% |
Echelon Insights | July 15–18, 2022 | 1,022 (LV) | – | 43% | 42% | 15% |
Harvard/Harris | June 28–29, 2022 | 1,308 (RV) | – | 39% | 37% | 23% |
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 24–27, 2022 | 1,239 (RV) | – | 45% | 43% | 12% |
Harvard/Harris | May 18–19, 2022 | 1,963 (RV) | – | 41% | 38% | 20% |
Harvard/Harris | April 20–21, 2022 | 1,966 (RV) | – | 42% | 38% | 20% |
Harvard/Harris | March 23–24, 2022 | 1,990 (RV) | – | 40% | 38% | 22% |
Harvard/Harris | February 23–24, 2022 | 2,026 (RV) | – | 41% | 39% | 20% |
Harvard/Harris | January 19–20, 2022 | 1,815 (RV) | – | 39% | 40% | 21% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 42% | 37% | 21% |
Harvard/Harris | October 26–28, 2021 | 1,578 (RV) | – | 40% | 42% | 18% |
Echelon Insights | April 16–23, 2021 | 1,043 (RV) | – | 43% | 31% | 26% |
- Kamala Harris vs. Mike Pompeo
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris Democratic |
Mike Pompeo Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harvard/Harris | October 26–28, 2021 | 1,578 (RV) | – | 41% | 41% | 18% |
- Kamala Harris vs. Tim Scott
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris Democratic |
Tim Scott Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harvard/Harris | October 26–28, 2021 | 1,578 (RV) | – | 39% | 42% | 19% |
- Pete Buttigieg vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Pete Buttigieg Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
McLaughlin & Associates | April 22–26, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 39% | 49% | 12% |
Harvard/Harris | November 30 – December 2, 2021 | 1,989 (RV) | – | 37% | 48% | 15% |
- Hillary Clinton vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Hillary Clinton Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
McLaughlin & Associates | March 17–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 41% | 51% | 8% |
Schoen Cooperman Research | March 2–6, 2022 | 800 (LV) | – | 43% | 46% | 11% |
McLaughlin & Associates | February 16–22, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 43% | 50% | 7% |
Echelon Insights | January 21–23, 2022 | 1,098 (RV) | – | 43% | 44% | 13% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 13–18, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 41% | 51% | 8% |
- Bernie Sanders vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Bernie Sanders Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emerson College | July 19–20, 2022 | 1,078 (RV) | ± 2.9% | 40% | 45% | 15% |
Morning Consult | April 22–25, 2022 | 2,004 (RV) | ± 2.0% | 42% | 43% | 15% |
- Phil Murphy vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Phil Murphy Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
McLaughlin & Associates | April 22–26, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | – | 33% | 49% | 18% |
- Gavin Newsom vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Gavin Newsom Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 24–27, 2022 | 1,239 (RV) | – | 45% | 43% | 12% |
- Gavin Newsom vs. Ron DeSantis
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Gavin Newsom Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YouGov/Yahoo News | June 24–27, 2022 | 1,239 (RV) | – | 43% | 42% | 15% |
- Jerome Segal vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Jerome Segal Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
John Zogby Strategies | October 5, 2022 | 1,006 (LV) | ± 3.2% | 40% | 39% | 21% |
- Mark Cuban vs. Elon Musk
Poll source | Date | Sample size[c] |
Margin of error |
Mark Cuban |
Elon Musk |
Other/ Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emerson College | May 24–25, 2022 | 1,148 (RV) | ± 2.8% | 20% | 29% | 50% |
Timeline
See also
Notes
- ^ Some erroneously claim that the 1968 election is the most recent in which the incumbent president did not seek reelection. In fact, then-president Lyndon B. Johnson did briefly run for reelection, although he dropped out after only narrowly winning the first primary in New Hampshire.[32] In comparison, then-president Calvin Coolidge did not mount any kind of reelection campaign in 1928, thus making the 1928 race the most recent in which the incumbent president chose to retire.
- ^ Nixon won the nomination three non-consecutive times, in 1960, 1968, and 1972. The 1964 Republican nominee was Barry Goldwater.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear - ^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin, Amy Klobuchar, and "someone else" with 3%; Mike Bloomberg with 2%
- ^ Jill Biden, Elizabeth Warren, and Gavin Newsom with 3% each
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 6%; "someone else" with 10%
- ^ Elizabeth Warren with 10%; Hillary Clinton with 6%
- ^ "Someone else" with 8%; Gavin Newsom with 4%
- ^ Elizabeth Warren with 8%
- ^ Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters
- ^ "Unlikely or very unlikely to vote for Biden" as opposed to "Absolute will or likely to vote for Biden" with 22%; Would not vote with 6%
- ^ "Consider voting for Biden" with 8%; Undecided with 7%
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 16%; "someone else" with 6%; Mike Bloomberg and Joe Manchin with 4%
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 8%
- ^ "Someone else" with 44%; Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; J. B. Pritzker with 3%.
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 7%; Joe Manchin, Matthew McConaughey, and Oprah Winfrey with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Phil Murphy, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Ilhan Omar, and Tom Steyer with 0%
- ^ "Someone else" with 3%; Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Phil Murphy, J. B. Pritzker, Kyrsten Sinema, and Raphael Warnock with 1%; Eric Adams, Andy Beshear, Jared Polis, and Gina Raimondo with 0%; Roy Cooper and Mitch Landrieu with no voters
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Joe Manchin, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Phil Murphy, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 0%
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 7%; Joe Manchin and Tom Steyer with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Ilhan Omar with 0%
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; John Hickenlooper and Joe Manchin with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Eric Adams, Kirsten Gillibrand, and Ilhan Omar with 0%
- ^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin with 2%; Eric Adams and John Hickenlooper with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 0%
- ^ Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Other/Don't know with 14%
- ^ "Someone else" with 3%; Michael Bloomberg with 2%; Sherrod Brown, Gretchen Whitmer, and Katie Porter with 1%
- ^ Joe Manchin with 1%; "Someone else", Andy Beshear, Tulsi Gabbard, Kyrsten Sinema and Gretchen Whitmer with 0%
- ^ Sherrod Brown with 4%
- ^ "Someone else", Tulsi Gabbard and Joe Manchin with 1%; Andy Beshear, Kyrsten Sinema and Gretchen Whitmer with 0%
- ^ Joe Manchin with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%
- ^ Kirsten Gillibrand, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine and Ilhan Omar with 0%
- ^ John Hickenlooper with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Tim Kaine with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%
- ^ Sherrod Brown with 2%
- ^ John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Ilhan Omar with 1%
- ^ Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper and Ilhan Omar with 1%
- ^ Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters
- ^ "Someone else" with 26%; Julian Castro with 2%; John Bel Edwards with 1%
- ^ Kirsten Gillibrand and John Hickenlooper 2%; Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%
- ^ John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Gavin Newsom with 0%
- ^ John Hickenlooper with 3%; Tim Kaine with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar and Deval Patrick with 1%
- ^ Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%
- ^ John Hickenlooper with 3%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 1%
- ^ Kirsten Gillibrand with 3%
- ^ Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
- ^ Chris Christie with 1%
- ^ "Someone else" with 2%
- ^ Liz Cheney with 3%; Chris Christie with 1%
- ^ "Someone else" with 4%; Greg Abbott with 2%
- ^ Glenn Youngkin with 1%
- ^ Tom Cotton And Kristi Noem with 1%
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Standard VI response
- ^ Candace Owens with 3%; Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney, Tom Cotton, John Kasich, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ Liz Cheney with 2%; Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ Chris Christie with 7%; Kristi Noem with 3%
- ^ Liz Cheney and John Kasich with 2%; Tom Cotton, Candace Owens and Rick Scott with 1%; Kristi Noem with 0%
- ^ "Someone else" with 5%; Tom Cotton with 0%
- ^ John Kasich, Kristi Noem and Candace Owens with 2%; Liz Cheney with 1%; Tom Cotton and Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ Kristi Noem with 1%; Tom Cotton with 0%
- ^ Tom Cotton and Kristi Noem with 1%; Chris Christie and Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ Candace Owens with 4%; Liz Cheney, Tom Cotton, John Kasich and Rick Scott with 1%; Kristi Noem with 0%
- ^ "Trump should not run again in 2024" as opposed to "Trump should run again in 2024" with 19%
- ^ 22% of a full sample of 1,316 adults
- ^ "Do not want Trump to run" as opposed to "want Trump to run" with 30%
- ^ Candace Owens with 3%; John Kasich, Liz Cheney, Rick Scott, and Kristi Noem with 1%; Tom Cotton with 0%
- ^ Would not vote with 4%; "Someone else" with 2%; Liz Cheney and Kristi Noem with 1%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ "Trump should not run again in 2024" as opposed to "Trump should run again in 2024" with 22%
- ^ Republican subsample of total sample of 1574 likely voters
- ^ "Unlikely or very unlikely to vote for Trump" as opposed to "Absolute will or likely to vote for Trump" with 24%; Would not vote with 3%
- ^ "Consider voting for Trump" with 8%; Undecided with 4%
- ^ John Kasich with 3%; Candace Owens with 2%; Tom Cotton, Rick Scott with 1%; Kristi Noem with 0%
- ^ Kristi Noem with 1%
- ^ Tom Cotton and Kristi Noem with 1%; Chris Christie and Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ On whether voters thought they'd support a Trump primary campaign if he ran
- ^ "Would definitely not vote for Trump" with 16%
- ^ Candace Owens with 3%; Tom Cotton and John Kasich with 2%; Kristi Noem and Tim Scott with 1%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ "Someone else" with 12%; Tom Cotton with 1%
- ^ Would not vote with 5%; "Someone else" with 3%; Tom Cotton and Kristi Noem with 1%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ GOP and GOP-leaning subsample of a full sample of 1,006 registered voters
- ^ Among all adults (no Republican crosstab published). The same pollster showed 25% for Trump and 19% for Romney in November, when taking into account all voters and not only Republicans.[163]
- ^ Ben Sasse with 3%; Rick Scott with 2%; Ivanka Trump with 1%
- ^ Listed as "Skipped"
- ^ Would not vote with 6%; "Someone else" with 5%; Kristi Noem with 2%; Tom Cotton and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ John Kasich and Kristi Noem with 2%; Tom Cotton with 1%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ "Would not like to see Trump run for president in 2024" with 21%
- ^ John Kasich with 3%; Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ Would not vote with 5%; "Someone else" with 3%; Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%; Charlie Baker with 0%
- ^ 37% of the full sample of 1,500 2020 general election voters
- ^ Ivanka Trump with 2%; Tom Cotton and Ben Sasse with 1%
- ^ Among 304 republican adults as opposed to all adults
- ^ John Kasich and Rick Scott with 2%; Rick Santorum with 1%
- ^ Republican subsample of 1,200 registered voters
- ^ Respondents who think Trump should do something other than running for president in 2024 with 43%
- ^ "Someone else" with 3%
- ^ "Someone else" with 38%; Greg Abbott with 4%; Tom Cotton with 2%.
- ^ Liz Cheney with 2%; Greg Abbott, Chris Christie, Tom Cotton, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%.
- ^ Liz Cheney, Greg Abbott, Chris Christie, Glenn Youngkin, Rick Scott, and "Someone else" with 1%; Larry Hogan, Tom Cotton, Ben Sasse, and Kristi Noem with 0%.
- ^ Liz Cheney and Kristi Noem with 2%; "Someone else", Greg Abbott, Chris Christie and Tom Cotton with 1%; Josh Hawley, Larry Hogan, Ben Sasse and Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ Candace Owens with 5%; Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney, John Kasich, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 2%; Tom Cotton with 1%
- ^ "Someone else" with 3%; Liz Cheney, Chris Christie, Tom Cotton, Josh Hawley and Kristi Noem with 1%; Greg Abbott, Ben Sasse, Rick Scott and Marjorie Taylor Greene with 0%
- ^ Candace Owens with 5%; Liz Cheney and John Kasich with 2%; Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ "Someone else" with 8%; Tom Cotton with 1%
- ^ Candace Owens with 6%; Ivanka Trump with 5%; Kristi Noem with 2%; Liz Cheney, Tom Cotton and John Kasich with 1%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ No voters
- ^ "Someone else" with 1%; Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney, Tom Cotton, Josh Hawley and Kristi Noem with 1%; Chris Christie, Larry Hogan, Ben Sasse and Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ Kristi Noem with 2%; Tom Cotton and Rick Scott with 1%; Chris Christie with 0%
- ^ No voters
- ^ No voters
- ^ No voters
- ^ "Someone else" with 2%; Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney, Chris Christie, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%; Tom Cotton, Josh Hawley and Ben Sasse with 0%
- ^ Ivanka Trump with 4%; Candace Owens with 3%; Liz Cheney with 2%; Tom Cotton, John Kasich, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ Candace Owens with 5%; Ivanka Trump with 3%; John Kasich with 2%; Liz Cheney, Tom Cotton, and Kristi Noem with 1%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ No voters
- ^ Liz Cheney with 3%; Greg Abbott, Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem, Ben Sasse and "Someone else" with 1%; Chris Christie and Rick Scott with 0%; Dave Portnoy with no voters
- ^ Republican subsample of total sample of 1574 likely voters
- ^ "Someone else" with 19%; Kristi Noem and Ben Sasse with 1%
- ^ No voters
- ^ No voters
- ^ Kristi Noem and "Someone else" with 1%; Greg Abbott, Dave Portnoy and Rick Scott with 0%; Tom Cotton and Ben Sasse with no voters
- ^ Candace Owens with 4%; Ivanka Trump with 3%; Tom Cotton, John Kasich with 2%; Rick Scott and Kristi Noem with 1%
- ^ Greg Abbott with 2%; "Someone else," Tom Cotton, Tim Scott, Kristi Noem, Ben Sasse, Rick Scott, Josh Hawley, and Dave Portnoy with 1% or less
- ^ Kristi Noem with 4%; Chris Christie, Tom Cotton and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ Candace Owens with 4%; Ivanka Trump with 3%; Tom Cotton, John Kasich, Kristi Noem, and Tim Scott with 2%; Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ "Other" with 21%; Tom Cotton and Kristi Noem with 4%; Greg Abbott and Devin Nunes with 2%
- ^ "Someone else" with 16%; Tom Cotton with 3%
- ^ Dan Crenshaw, Kristi Noem, Ben Sasse and "Someone else" with 2%; Tom Cotton, John Kasich, Rand Paul with 1%; Greg Abbott, Dave Portnoy, and Elise Stefanik with 1% or less
- ^ GOP and GOP-leaning subsample of a full sample of 1,006 registered voters
- ^ Rand Paul with 3%; John Kasich and "Someone else" with 2%; Dan Crenshaw and Tom Cotton with 1%; Greg Abbott, Larry Hogan, Ben Sasse and Elise Stefanik with 0%
- ^ Among all adults (no Republican crosstab published). The same pollster showed 25% for Trump and 19% for Romney in November, when taking into account all voters and not only Republicans.[163]
- ^ Ben Sasse and Ivanka Trump with 3%; Rick Scott with 2%
- ^ Ivanka Trump with 4%; John Kasich with 3%; Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem with 2%; Rick Scott with 0%
- ^ Among 304 republican adults as opposed to all adults
- ^ Rick Santorum with 3%; John Kasich and Rick Scott with 2%
- ^ John Kasich with 2%; Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem and Rick Scott with 1%
- ^ "Someone else" with 3%; Tom Cotton, Dan Crenshaw, Lindsey Graham and John Kasich with 2%; Ben Sasse and Elise Stefanik with 0%
- ^ Paul Ryan with 4%; Ivanka Trump with 3%; Kevin McCarthy with 2%
- ^ Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
- ^ Archived January 28, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Archived November 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Archived January 28, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
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