Comparative army enlisted ranks of the European Union

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Rank comparison chart of non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and enlisted personnel for all armies and land forces of the European Union member states.

NCO and enlisted ranks

Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
 Austrian Land Forces[1]
 Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Vizeleutnant.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Offiziersstellvertreter.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Oberstabswachtmeister.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Stabswachtmeister.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Oberwachtmeister.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Wachtmeister.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Zugsführer.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Korporal.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Gefreiter.png Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Rekrut.png
Vizeleutnant Offiziersstellvertreter Oberstabswachtmeister Stabswachtmeister Oberwachtmeister Wachtmeister Zugsführer Korporal Gefreiter Rekrut


 Belgian Land Component[2]
 Army-BEL-OR-09a.svg Army-BEL-OR-09b.svg Army-BEL-OR-08.svg Army-BEL-OR-07.svg Army-BEL-OR-06a.svg Army-BEL-OR-06b.svg Army-BEL-OR-05.svg Army-BEL-OR-04a.svg Army-BEL-OR-04b.svg Army-BEL-OR-03.svg Army-BEL-OR-02.svg Army-BEL-OR-01.svg
Adjudant-majoor Adjudant-chef Adjudant 1ste sergeant-majoor 1ste sergeant-chef 1ste sergeant Sergeant 1ste korporaal-chef Korporaal-chef Korporaal 1ste soldaat Soldaat
Adjudant-major Adjudant-chef Adjudant 1er sergeant-major 1er sergeant-chef 1er sergeant Sergeant 1er caporal-chef Caporal-chef Caporal 1er soldat Soldat
Majoradjutant Chefadjudant Adjudant 1er Sergeant major 1er Sergeant chef 1er Sergeant Sergeant 1er Korporal chef Korporal chef Korporal 1er soldat Soldat


 Bulgarian Land Forces[3]
 Bulgaria-Army-OR-9.svg Bulgaria-Army-OR-8.svg Bulgaria-Army-OR-7.svg Bulgaria-Army-OR-6.svg Bulgaria-Army-OR-5.svg Bulgaria-Army-OR-4.svg Bulgaria-Army-OR-1.svg
Офицерски кандидат
Ofitserski kandidat 		Старшина
Starshyna 		Старши сержант
Starshi serzhant 		Сержант
Serzhant 		Младши сержант
Mladshi serzhant 		Ефрейтор
Efreytor 		Редник
Rednik


 Croatian Army[4]
 Army-HRV-OR-09.svg Army-HRV-OR-08.svg Army-HRV-OR-07.svg Army-HRV-OR-06.svg Army-HRV-OR-05.svg Army-HRV-OR-04.svg Army-HRV-OR-03.svg Army-HRV-OR-02.svg No insignia
Časnički namjesnik Stožerni narednik Nadnarednik Narednik Desetnik Skupnik Razvodnik Pozornik Vojnik


 Cypriot Ground Forces[5]
 Cyprus-Army-OR-9.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-8.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-7.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-6.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-5.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-6c.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-4c.svg Cyprus-Army-OR-3.svg Arm/corps insignia only
Ανθυπασπιστής
Anthypaspistís 		Αρχιλοχίας
Archilochías 		Επιλοχίας
Epilochías 		Λοχίας
Lochías 		Έφεδρος Λοχίας
Éfedros Lochías 		Δεκανέας
Dekanéas 		Υποδεκανέας
Ypodekanéas 		Στρατιώτης
Stratiótis


 Czech Land Forces[6]
 CzArmy 2011 OR9-Stabni praporcik shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR8-Nadpraporcik shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR7-Praporčík shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR6-Nadrotmistr shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR5-Rotmistr shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR4-Rotny shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR3-Cetar shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR2-Desatnik shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR1a-Svobodnik shoulder.svg CzArmy2011 OR1b-Vojin shoulder.svg
Štábní praporčík Nadpraporčík Praporčík Nadrotmistr Rotmistr Rotný Četař Desátník Svobodník Vojín


 Royal Danish Army[7]
 Denmark-Army-OR-9c-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-9a-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-8a-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-7-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-5-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-5a-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-4-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-3-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-2-M11.svg Denmark-Army-OR-1-M11.svg
Hærchefsergenten Chefsergent Seniorsergent Oversergent Sergent Sergent
(Officerselev) 		Korporal Overkonstabel af 1. grad Overkonstabel Konstabel


 Estonian Land Forces[8]
 Estonia-Army-OR-9b.svg Estonia-Army-OR-9a.svg Estonia-Army-OR-8.svg Estonia-Army-OR-7.svg Estonia-Army-OR-6.svg Estonia-Army-OR-5.svg Estonia-Army-OR-4b.svg Estonia-Army-OR-4a.svg Estonia-Army-OR-2.svg Estonia-Army-OR-1.svg
Ülemveebel Staabiveebel Vanemveebel Veebel Nooremveebel Vanemseersant Seersant Nooremseersant Kapral Reamees


 Finnish Army[9]
 Sotilasmestari kauluslaatta.svg Ylivääpeli kauluslaatta.svg Vääpeli kauluslaatta.svg Ylikersantti kauluslaatta.svg Kersantti kauluslaatta.svg Alikersantti kauluslaatta.svg Korpraali kauluslaatta.svg Sotamies kauluslaatta.svg No insignia
Sotilasmestari
Militärmästare 		Ylivääpeli
Överfältväbel 		Vääpeli
Fältväbel 		Ylikersantti
Översergeant 		Kersantti
Sergeant 		Alikersantti
Undersergeant 		Korpraali
Korpral 		Sotamies
Soldat 		Alokas
Rekryt


Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
 French Army[10]
 Army-FRA-OR-09a.svg Army-FRA-OR-09b.svg Army-FRA-OR-08.svg SCH BM2.svg Army-FRA-OR-06.svg Army-FRA-OR-05.svg Army-FRA-OR-04a.svg Army-FRA-OR-04b.svg Army-FRA-OR-03.svg Army-FRA-OR-02.svg Army-FRA-OR-01.svg
Major Adjudant-chef Adjudant Sergent-chef BM2/
Maréchal-des-logis-chef de 1ere classe 		Sergent-chef/
Maréchal-des-logis-chef 		Sergent/
Maréchal-des-logis 		Caporal-chef de 1re classe Caporal-chef/
Brigadier-chef 		Caporal/
Brigadier 		Soldat de 1re classe Soldat


 German Army[11]
 HD H 35 Oberstabsfeldwebel HAufkl.svg HD H 34 Stabsfeldwebel Fm.svg HD H 33 Hauptfeldwebel ABCAbw.svg HD H 32 Oberfeldwebel HFla.svg HD H 31 Feldwebel Art.svg HD H 22 Stabsunteroffizier Pz.svg HD H 21 Unteroffizier PzGren.svg HD H 15 Stabskorporal HFla.svg HD H 15 Korporal HFla L.svg HD H 16 Oberstabsgefreiter Fm L.svg HD H 15 Stabsgefreiter HFla L.svg HD H 14 Hauptgefreiter Art L.svg HD H 13 Obergefreiter HAufkl L.svg HD H 12 Gefreiter Jg L.svg HD H 11 Panzerschütze Pz L.svg
Ober­stabs­feldwebel Stabs­feldwebel Haupt­feldwebel Ober­feldwebel Feldwebel Stabs­unteroffizier Unteroffizier Stabskorporal Korporal Ober­stabs­gefreiter Stabs­gefreiter Haupt­gefreiter Ober­gefreiter Gefreiter Soldat
 German Army
(Officer designate)
 HD H 33a Oberfähnrich HFlg.svg HD H 31a Fähnrich Pi.svg HD H 21a Fahnenjunker FJg.svg
Oberfähnrich Fähnrich Fahnenjunker


 Hellenic Army[12]
 Army-GRE-OR-09a.svg Army-GRE-OR-08.svg Army-GRE-OR-08b.svg Army-GRE-OR-07.svg Army-GRE-OR-07b.svg Army-GRE-OR-06a.svg Army-GRE-OR-06b.svg Army-GRE-OR-04a.svg Army-GRE-OR-04b.svg Army-GRE-OR-03a.svg Arm/corps insignia only
Ανθυπασπιστής[a]
Anthypaspistis 		Αρχιλοχίας
Archilochias 		Επιλοχίας
Epilochias 		Λοχίας
Lochias 		Δεκανέας
Dekaneas 		Υποδεκανέας
Ypodekaneas 		Στρατιώτης
Stratiotis


 Hungarian Ground Forces[13]
 Rank Army Hungary OR-09.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-08b.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-08a.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-07.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-06.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-05.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-04.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-04b.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-02.svg Rank Army Hungary OR-01.svg
Főtörzszászlós Törzszászlós Zászlós Főtörzsőrmester Törzsőrmester Őrmester Szakaszvezető Tizedes Őrvezető Közkatona


 Irish Army[14][15]
 Ireland-Army-OR-9.svg Ireland-Army-OR-8.svg Ireland-Army-OR-7.svg Ireland-Army-OR-6.svg Ireland-Army-OR-5.svg Ireland-Army-OR-4.svg Ireland-Army-OR-3.svg Ireland-Army-OR-2.svg No insignia
Sergeant major
Maor-Sáirsint Cathlán/Reisimint[b] 		Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant
Ceathrúsháirsint Cathlán/Reisimint[b] 		Company Sergeant
Sáirsint Complacht[c] 		Company quartermaster sergeant
Ceathrúsháirsint Complacht[c] 		Sergeant
Sáirsint 		Corporal
Ceannaire 		Private, 3 star
Saighdiúr Singil, 3 Réalta 		Private, 2 star
Saighdiúr Singil, 2 Réalta 		Recruit
Earcach


 Italian Army[16][17]
 Rank insignia of primo luogotenente qs of the Army of Italy (2018).svg Rank insignia of primo maresciallo luogotenente of the Army of Italy (2018).svg Rank insignia of primo maresciallo of the Army of Italy (1973).svg
Rank insignia of maresciallo capo of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of maresciallo ordinario of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of maresciallo of the Army of Italy (1973).svg
Maresciallo capo Maresciallo ordinario Maresciallo
Rank insignia of sergente maggiore capo qualif sp of the Army of Italy (2018).svg Rank insignia of sergente maggiore capo of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of sergente maggiore of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of sergente of the Army of Italy (1973).svg
Rank insignia of caporalmaggiore capo scelto qualif sp of the Army of Italy (2018).svg Rank insignia of caporalmaggiore capo scelto of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of caporalmaggiore capo of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of caporalmaggiore scelto of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of primo caporalmaggiore of the Army of Italy (1973).svg
Caporale maggiore capo scelto q.s. Caporale maggiore capo scelto Caporale maggiore capo Caporale maggiore scelto Primo caporale maggiore
Rank insignia of caporalmaggiore of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of caporale of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Rank insignia of soldato of the Army of Italy (1973).svg
Primo luogotenente q.s. Luogotenente Primo maresciallo Sergente maggiore capo q.s. Sergente Maggiore Capo Sergente Maggiore Sergente Caporal Maggiore Caporale Soldato


 Latvian Land Forces[18]
 Latvia-Army-OR-9.svg Latvia-Army-OR-8.svg Latvia-Army-OR-7.svg Latvia-Army-OR-6.svg Latvia-Army-OR-5.svg Latvia-Army-OR-4.svg Latvia-Army-OR-3.svg Latvia-Army-OR-2.svg
Augstākais virsseržants Galvenais virsseržants Štāba virsseržants Virsseržants Seržants Kaprālis Dižkareivis Kareivis


 Lithuanian Land Force[19]
 12-Lithuania Army-SGM.svg 11-Lithuania Army-MSG.svg 09-Lithuania Army-STSG.svg 07-Lithuania Army-SSG.svg 05-Lithuania Army-SGT.svg 04-Lithuania Army-CPL.svg 03-Lithuania Army-SPVT.svg 02-Lithuania Army-PVT.svg 01-Lithuania Army-JPVT.svg
Seržantas majoras Viršila Štabo seržantas Vyresnysis seržantas Seržantas Grandinis Vyresnysis eilinis Eilinis Jaunesnysis eilinis


 Luxembourg Army[20]
 Luxembourg-Army-OR-9b.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-9a.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-8.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-7.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-6.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-5.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-4b.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-4a.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-3b.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-3a.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-2b.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-2a.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-1b.svg Luxembourg-Army-OR-1a.svg
Adjudant-major Adjudant-chef Adjudant Sergent-chef Premier sergent Sergent Premier caporal-chef Caporal-chef Caporal de première classe Caporal Premier soldat-chef Soldat-chef Soldat de première classe Soldat


Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
Army of Malta[21]
 07.Malta Army-SSGM.svg 06.Malta Army-WO1.svg 05.Malta Army-WO2.svg 04.Malta Army-SSG.svg 03.Malta Army-SGT.svg
 02.Malta Army-BDR.svg 01.Malta Army-LBDR.svg No insignia
Senior Sergeant Major Warrant Officer Class 1 Warrant Officer Class 2 Staff Sergeant Sergeant Bombadier Lance Bombadier Gunner
(or equivalent)


 Royal Netherlands Army[22]
 Nl-landmacht-adjudant onderofficier.svg
 Nl-landmacht-sergeant majoor-opperwachtmeester.svg Nl-landmacht-sergeant der 1e klasse-wachtmeester-der-1e-klasse.svg Nl-landmacht-sergeant-wachtmeester.svg Nl-landmacht-korporaal der 1e klasse.svg Nl-landmacht-korporaal.svg Nl-landmacht-soldaat der 1e klasse.svg Nl-landmacht-soldaat der 2e klasse.svg Nl-landmacht-soldaat-der-3e-klasse.svg
Adjudant-onderofficier Sergeant-majoor/
Opperwachtmeester 		Sergeant der 1e klasse/
Wachtmeester der 1e klasse 		Sergeant/
Wachtmeester 		Korporaal der 1e klasse Korporaal Soldaat/
Huzaar/
Kanonier der 1e klasse 		Soldaat/
Huzaar/
Kanonier der 2e klasse 		Soldaat/
Huzaar/
Kanonier der 3e klasse


 Polish Land Forces[23]
 Army-POL-OR-09a.svg Army-POL-OR-09b.svg Army-POL-OR-08.svg Army-POL-OR-07.svg Army-POL-OR-06.svg Army-POL-OR-05.svg Army-POL-OR-04a.svg Army-POL-OR-04b.svg Army-POL-OR-03.svg Army-POL-OR-02.svg Army-POL-OR-01.svg
Starszy chorąży sztabowy Starszy chorąży Chorąży Młodszy chorąży Starszy sierżant Sierżant Plutonowy Starszy kapral Kapral Starszy szeregowy Szeregowy


 Portuguese Army[24]
 Army-POR-OR-09.svg Army-POR-OR-08.svg Army-POR-OR-07.svg Army-POR-OR-06.svg Army-POR-OR-05a.svg Army-POR-OR-05b.svg Army-POR-OR-05c.svg Army-POR-OR-04a.svg Army-POR-OR-04b.svg Army-POR-OR-03.svg Army-POR-OR-02.svg Army-POR-OR-01.svg
Sargento-mor Sargento-chefe Sargento-ajudante Primeiro-sargento Segundo-sargento Furriel Segundo-furriel Cabo de secção Cabo-adjunto Primeiro-cabo Segundo-cabo Soldado


 Romanian Land Forces[25]
 RO ARMY OR-9.png RO ARMY OR-8.png RO ARMY OR-7.png RO ARMY OR-6a.png RO ARMY OR-6.png RO ARMY OR-5.png Romania-Army-OR-4c.svg Romania-Army-OR-4b.svg Romania-Army-OR-4a.svg Romania-Army-OR-3.svg RO ARMY OR-1.png
Plutonier adjutant principal Plutonier adjutant Plutonier-major Plutonier Sergent-major Sergent Caporal clasa I Caporal clasa a II-a Caporal clasa a III-a Fruntaș Soldat


 Slovak Ground Forces[26]
 Army-SVK-OR-08a.svg Army-SVK-OR-08b.svg Army-SVK-OR-07.svg Army-SVK-OR-06.svg Army-SVK-OR-05.svg Army-SVK-OR-04.svg Army-SVK-OR-03.svg Army-SVK-OR-02.svg Army-SVK-OR-01a.svg
Štábný nadrotmajster Nadrotmajster Rotmajster Rotný Čatár Desiatnik Slobodník Vojak 2. stupňa Vojak 1. stupňa


 Slovenian Ground Force[27]
 11-Slovenian Army-SMAF.svg 10-Slovenian Army-CSM.svg 09-Slovenian Army-SGM.svg 08-Slovenian Army-FSG.svg 07-Slovenian Army-MSG.svg 06-Slovenian Army-SFC.svg 05-Slovenian Army-SSG.svg 04-Slovenian Army-SGT.svg 03-Slovenian Army-MCP.svg 02-Slovenian Army-CPL.svg 01-Slovenian Army-LCP.svg 00-Slovenian Army-PVT.svg
Višji štabni praporščak Štabni praporščak Višji praporščak Praporščak Višji štabni vodnik Štabni vodnik Višji vodnik Vodnik Naddesetnik Desetnik Poddesetnik Vojak


 Spanish Army[28]
 14ej.png 15ej.png 16ej.png 17ej.png 18ej.png 19ej.png 20ej.png 21ej.png 22ej.png 23eje.png
Suboficial mayor Subteniente Brigada Sargento primero Sargento Cabo mayor Cabo primero Cabo Soldado de primera Soldado


 Swedish Army[29]
 Sweden-Army-OR-9 (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-8 (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-7 (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-6b (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-6a (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-5b (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-5a (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-4 (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-3 (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-2b (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-2a (M1987).svg
Sweden-Army-OR-1c (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-1b (M1987).svg Sweden-Army-OR-1a (M1987).svg
Menig 2 Menig 1 Menig
Regementsförvaltare Förvaltare Fanjunkare Översergeant Sergeant Överfurir Furir Korpral Vicekorpral Menig 4 Menig 3


Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Greece has only one level of Warrant Officer. According to the current issue (2021) of STANAG 2116, the Greek Warrant Officers are included in OR-9, however they are afforded the privileges of an officer. See STANAG 2116 note 29, page D-9
  2. ^ a b Battalion (Cathlán), Regiment (Reisimint)
  3. ^ a b Battery (Ceallraí) in the Artillery. Squadron (Scuadrún) in the Cavalry.

References

  1. ^ "Dienstgrade". bundesheer.at (in German). Federal Ministry of Defence (Austria). Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  2. ^ "IPR Landcomponent". mil.be (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 February 2005. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  3. ^ "ЗАКОН ЗА ОТБРАНАТА И ВЪОРЪЖЕНИТЕ СИЛИ НА РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ". lex.bg (in Bulgarian). Глава седма. ВОЕННА СЛУЖБА. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  4. ^ "Oznake činova". osrh.hr (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Βαθμοί" [Ranks]. army.gov.cy (in Greek). Cypriot National Guard. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  6. ^ "Ranks". army.cz. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  7. ^ "Hærens Gradstegn" (PDF). forsvaret.dk (in Danish). Danish Defence. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  8. ^ "Sümboolika: Maaväe Auastmed". mil.ee (in Estonian). Estonian Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  9. ^ "Sotilasarvot Puolustusvoimissa" [Military ranks in the Defense Forces]. puolustusvoimat.fi (in Finnish). Finnish Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  10. ^ Instruction N° 10300/DEF/EMAT/LOG/ASH (PDF) (in French). Staff of the French Army. 13 June 2005. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  11. ^ "Dienstgradabzeichen Heer". bundeswehr.de (in German). Bundeswehr. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  12. ^ "Διακριτικά Φ/Π Στολών Υπαξιωματικών Αποφοίτων ΣΜΥ" [Badges F / P Uniforms of Non-Commissioned Officer Graduates]. army.gr (in Greek). Hellenic Army. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  13. ^ Andrea, Kánya (6 May 2009). "A gallér és az ötágú csillag". honvedelem.hu (in Hungarian). Hungarian Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Army Rank Markings". military.ie. Defence Forces (Ireland). Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  15. ^ "Irish Military Insignia". irishmilitaryinsignia.com. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007.
  16. ^ "i gradi dell'Esercito Italiano - distintivi di incarico e funzionali" (PDF). esercito.difesa.it (in Italian). Italian Army. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 August 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  17. ^ "Riordino delle carriere del 27/02/2018" [Reorganization of careers of 27/02/2018] (PDF) (in Italian). 27 February 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 July 2018.
  18. ^ "Pakāpju iedalījums". mil.lv/lv (in Latvian). Latvian National Armed Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  19. ^ "Karių laipsnių ženklai". kariuomene.kam.lt (in Lithuanian). Ministry of National Defence (Lithuania). Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  20. ^ "Grades". Armee.lu. Luxembourg Army. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  21. ^ "Rank Insignia". afm.gov.mt. Armed Forces of Malta. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  22. ^ "De rangonderscheidingstekens van de krijgsmacht" (PDF) (in Dutch). Ministry of Defence (Netherlands). 19 December 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  23. ^ "Sposób noszenia odznak stopni wojskowych na umundurowaniu wojsk Lądowych i sił Powietrznych" (PDF). wojsko-polskie.pl (in Polish). Armed Forces Support Inspectorate. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  24. ^ "POSTOS E DISTINTIVOS EXÉRCITO". antigo.mdn.gov.pt (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 1 March 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  25. ^ "Grade militare (Military ranks)". defense.ro (in Romanian). Romanian Defence Staff. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  26. ^ "Označenie vojenských hodností príslušníkov Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky od 1.1.2016" [Designation of military ranks of members of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic from 1.1.2016]. vhu.sk (in Slovak). Military History Institute. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  27. ^ "Čini in razredi". slovenskavojska.si (in Slovenian). Slovenian Armed Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  28. ^ "Army Ranks & Insignia". ejercito.defensa.gob.es. Ministry of Defence (Spain). Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  29. ^ "Nya gradbeteckningar införs". Försvarsmakten. 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2019-10-02.
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