Hyainailourini

From Justapedia, unleashing the power of collective wisdom
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Hyainailourini
Temporal range: 40.0–11.3 Ma Middle Eocene to Middle Miocene
Falcatodon 2.jpg
illustration of Falcatodon schlosseri
Pterodon dasyuroides skull and mandible.jpg
Pterodon dasyuroides skull
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Hyaenodonta
Superfamily: Hyainailouroidea
Family: Hyainailouridae
Subfamily: Hyainailourinae
Tribe: Hyainailourini
Ginsburg, 1980[1]
Type genus
Hyainailouros
(polyphyletic genus)
Biedermann, 1863
Genera
Synonyms
  • Hyaninailourini (Ginsburg, 1980)
  • Pterodontini (Lavrov, 1999)[2]

Hyainailourini ("hyena-cats") is an extinct polyphyletic tribe of hyainailourid hyaenodonts from paraphyletic subfamily Hyainailourinae that lived in Africa, Asia and Europe during the middle Eocene to middle Miocene.[3][4]

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

  • Tribe: †Hyainailourini (polyphyletic tribe) (Ginsburg, 1980)
    • Genus: †Exiguodon (Morales & Pickford, 2017)
      • Exiguodon pilgrimi (Savage, 1965)
    • Genus: †Falcatodon (Morales & Pickford, 2017)
      • Falcatodon schlosseri (Holroyd, 1999)
    • Genus: †Hyainailouros (polyphyletic genus) (Biedermann, 1863)
      • Hyainailouros bugtiensis (Pilgrim, 1912)
      • Hyainailouros napakensis (Ginsburg, 1980)
      • Hyainailouros sulzeri (Biedermann, 1863)
    • Genus: †Parapterodon (Lange-Badré, 1979)
      • Parapterodon lostangensis (Lange-Badré, 1979)
    • Genus: †Sectisodon (Morales & Pickford, 2017)
      • Sectisodon markgrafi (Holroyd, 1999)
      • Sectisodon occultus (Morales & Pickford, 2017)
    • Genus: †Sivapterodon (Ginsburg, 1980)
      • Sivapterodon lahirii (Pilgrim, 1932)
    • Subtribe: †Isohyaenodontina (polyphyletic subtribe) (Lavrov, 1999)
      • Genus: †Isohyaenodon (polyphyletic genus) (Savage, 1965)
        • Isohyaenodon andrewsi (Savage, 1965)
        • Isohyaenodon zadoki (Savage, 1965)
    • (unranked): †Pterodon clade
    • Incertae sedis:

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of tribe Hyainailourini are shown in the following cladogram:[5][6][7][8][9]

 †Hyaenodonta 

Eoproviverra

Boualitomidae

Arfiidae

Limnocyonidae

Sinopidae

Hyaenodontoidea

Gazinocyon

Pyrocyon

Galecyon

 †Afro‑Arabian clade 

Indohyaenodontidae

Glibzegdouia

Parvavorodon

Koholiidae

Tritemnodon

Furodon

Kyawdawia

Paratritemnodon

Teratodontidae

Hyainailouroidea

Apterodontinae

Orienspterodon

Hyainailourinae

Hemipsalodon

 ? 

Ischnognathus

Akhnatenavus clade

Akhnatenavus

Paroxyaenini

"Pterodon" sp. (BC 15’08)

Hyainailourinae sp. (UON 84-359)

Hyainailourinae sp. C (DPC 9243 & DPC 10315)

Hyainailourinae sp. D (DPC 6545)

Hyainailourinae sp. A (DPC 6555)

"Pterodon" africanus

 †Parapterodon 

Parapterodon lostangensis

"Pterodon" sp. (DPC 5036)

"Pterodon" phiomensis

Hyainailourini

 †Kerberos 

Kerberos langebadreae

"Pterodon" syrtos

Pterodon clade
 †Pterodontina 
 †Pterodon 

Pterodon dasyuroides

 †Sectisodon 

Sectisodon markgrafi

Sectisodon occultus

 †Falcatodon 

Falcatodon schlosseri

 †Exiguodon 

Exiguodon pilgrimi

Isohyaenodon zadoki

Isohyaenodon  (†Isohyaenodontina)

Isohyaenodon andrewsi

 †Sivapterodon 

Sivapterodon lahirii

Hyainailouros bugtiensis

Hyainailouros napakensis

Hyainailouros

Hyainailouros sulzeri

Hyainailourinae sp. (GSN AD 100’96)

Simbakubwa

Leakitheriini

Megistotherium

Mlanyama

Metapterodontini

Pakakali

Prionogalidae

Lahimia clade
Arfia clade
Galecyon clade
Indohyaenodon clade
Tritemnodon clade
Kyawdawia clade

References

  1. ^ Ginsburg, L. (1980.) "Hyainailouros sulzeri, mammifère créodonte du Miocène européen." Annales de Paléontologie, 66: 19–73.
  2. ^ A. V. Lavrov (1999.) "Adaptive Radiation of Hyaenodontinae (Creodonta, Hyaenodontidae) of Asia." in 6th Congress of the Theriological Society, Moscow, April 13–16, p. 138 [in Russian].
  3. ^ Floréal Solé; Eli Amson; Matthew Borths; Dominique Vidalenc; Michael Morlo; Katharina Bastl (2015). "A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)". PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0135698. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1035698S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135698. PMC 4580617. PMID 26398622.
  4. ^ Jorge Morales; Martin Pickford (2017). "New hyaenodonts (Ferae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene of Napak (Uganda), Koru (Kenya) and Grillental (Namibia)" (PDF). Fossil Imprint. 73 (3–4): 332–359. doi:10.2478/if-2017-0019.
  5. ^ Laudet, V.; Grohé, C.; Morlo, M.; Chaimanee, Y.; Blondel, C.; Coster, P.; Valentin, X.; Salem, M.; Bilal, A. A.; Jaeger, J. J.; Brunet, M. (2012). "New Apterodontinae (Hyaenodontida) from the Eocene Locality of Dur At-Talah (Libya): Systematic, Paleoecological and Phylogenetical Implications". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e49054. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...749054G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049054. PMC 3504055. PMID 23185292.
  6. ^ Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). "Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)". Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776.
  7. ^ Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222.
  8. ^ Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). "The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian". Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185–214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13.
  9. ^ Solé, F.; Morlo, M.; Schaal, T.; Lehmann, T. (2021). "New hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (France) support a radiation of the hyaenodonts in Europe already at the end of the early Eocene". Geobios. in press. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2021.02.004.