List of hereditary peers elected under the House of Lords Act 1999
This is a list of hereditary peers elected to serve in the House of Lords under the provisions of the House of Lords Act 1999 and the Standing Orders of the House of Lords. The Act excluded all hereditary peers who were not also life peers except for two holders of royal offices plus ninety other peers, to be chosen by the House.
Before the enactment of the Act, the House approved a Standing Order stating that the remaining hereditary peers shall consist of:[1]
- 2 peers to be elected by the Labour hereditary peers
- 42 peers to be elected by the Conservative hereditary peers
- 3 peers to be elected by the Liberal Democrat hereditary peers
- 28 peers to be elected by the Crossbencher hereditary peers
- 15 peers to be elected by the whole House
- The holders of the offices of Earl Marshal (the Duke of Norfolk) and Lord Great Chamberlain (currently the Baron Carrington) to be ex officio members
The total number and sub-composition set out above reflects a compromise to ensure passage of the Act through the House reached between then-Prime Minister Tony Blair and the leader of the opposition Conservatives in the Lords, Viscount Cranborne (known since his father's death in 2003 as the Marquess of Salisbury), a descendant of the last Prime Minister to sit in the Lords throughout the entirety of their premiership. The number elected by each group reflected the relative strengths of the parties among hereditary peers at that time. Historically, the Conservatives had predominated in the House since 1890; it was this entrenched position which led to the removal of the absolute power of veto from the House of Lords by the Parliament Act 1911 and was the chief catalyst for the removal of most peers in 1999.[citation needed] The House of Lords Act 1999 reduced the proportion of Conservative peers in the House from 41% (in April 1999) to 33% (in June 2000), and the proportion of hereditary peers in the House from 59% to 13%.[2]
The fifteen peers elected by the whole house were intended to provide a group of experienced members ready to serve as Deputy Speakers or other officers.
The initial elections[3] took place before the House of Lords Act took effect;[dubious ] therefore all hereditary peers could vote in those elections. From the end of the 1998–1999 session of parliament until the following session, vacancies (usually triggered by death) were to be filled by runners up in the initial elections. Two Crossbench peers, Lord Cobbold and Lord Chorley, returned to the House this way, having sat before 1999. Since then, vacancies among the group of 15 peers have been filled through by-elections, with all members of the House entitled to vote. The Procedure Committee has recommended that any peer elected at a by-election in this category should not be expected to serve as a Deputy Speaker.[4] In by-elections to fill vacancies in the political groups, only hereditary peers of that group sitting in the House may vote.
As of August 2021, there are 4 dukes, 1 marquess, 25 earls, 17 viscounts, 44 barons and 2 Lords of Parliament among the 92 hereditary peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords. Only those with titles in the Peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom are currently eligible for a seat. Peers in the Peerage of Ireland are only eligible if they hold a title in one of the other peerages, but if elected, they may use their Irish peerage whilst in the Lords; for instance, the present Earl of Arran, whose highest title is an Irish one, is entitled to a seat as Lord Sudley, his subsidiary title in the UK peerage, but sits using his highest, Irish, title.
Elected by the whole House
Sitting
Deceased
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Died | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Makgill, 13th Viscount of Oxfuird | Conservative | Scotland | 1986 | 1999 | 3 January 2003 | ||
| Morys Bruce, 4th Baron Aberdare | Conservative | United Kingdom | 1957 | 1999 | 23 January 2005 | ||
| David Kenworthy, 11th Baron Strabolgi | Labour | England | 1953 | 1999 | 24 December 2010 | ||
| Geoffrey Russell, 4th Baron Ampthill | Crossbencher | United Kingdom | 1973 | 1999 | 23 April 2011 | ||
| Hugh Mackay, 14th Lord Reay | Conservative | Scotland | 1963 | 1999 | 10 May 2013 | ||
| Robert Methuen, 7th Baron Methuen | Liberal Democrats | United Kingdom | 1994 | 1999 | 9 July 2014 | ||
| Charles Lyell, 3rd Baron Lyell | Conservative | United Kingdom | 1960 | 1999 | 11 January 2017 | ||
| Roger Bootle-Wilbraham, 7th Baron Skelmersdale | Conservative | United Kingdom | 1973 | 1999 | 31 October 2018 | ||
| Jan David Simon, 3rd Viscount Simon | Labour | United Kingdom | 1993 | 1999 | 15 August 2021 |
Resigned
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Resigned | Died | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Margaret of Mar, 31st Countess of Mar | Crossbencher | Scotland | 1975 | 1999 | 1 May 2020 | |||
| Rodney Elton, 2nd Baron Elton | Conservative | United Kingdom | 1973 | 1999 | 29 October 2020 | |||
| Nicholas Lowther, 2nd Viscount Ullswater (left the house in 1999) |
Conservative | United Kingdom | 1966 | 2003 | George Makgill, 13th Viscount of Oxfuird | 20 July 2022 | ||
| Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn | Conservative | United Kingdom | 1966 | 1999 | 21 July 2022 |
Elected by the Conservative hereditary peers
Sitting
Deceased
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicholas Vivian, 6th Baron Vivian | United Kingdom | 1991 | 1999 | 28 February 2004 | |
| Hugh Lawson, 6th Baron Burnham | United Kingdom | 1993 | 1999 | 1 January 2005 | |
| Charles Stourton, 26th Baron Mowbray | England | 1965 | 1999 | 12 December 2006 | |
| David Carnegie, 14th Earl of Northesk | Scotland | 1994 | 1999 | 28 March 2010 | |
| Michael Onslow, 7th Earl of Onslow | United Kingdom | 1971 | 1999 | 14 May 2011 | |
| Robert Shirley, 13th Earl Ferrers | Great Britain | 1954 | 1999 | 13 November 2012 | |
| Edward Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 3rd Baron Montagu of Beaulieu | United Kingdom | 1947 | 1999 | 31 August 2015 | |
| Roger Swinfen Eady, 3rd Baron Swinfen | United Kingdom | 1977 | 1999 | 5 June 2022 | |
| David Douglas-Home, 15th Earl of Home | Scotland | 1995 | 1999 | 22 August 2022 |
Resigned
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Resigned | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arthur Lawson Johnston, 3rd Baron Luke | United Kingdom | 1996 | 1999 | 24 June 2015 | 2 October 2015 | |
| Robin Dixon, 3rd Baron Glentoran | United Kingdom | 1995 | 1999 | 1 June 2018 | ||
| John Palmer, 4th Earl of Selborne Left party to become non-affiliated in 2019[12] |
United Kingdom | 1971 | 1999 | 26 March 2020 | 12 February 2021 | |
| Bertram Bowyer, 2nd Baron Denham | United Kingdom | 1949 | 1999 | 26 April 2021 | 1 December 2021 | |
| Matthew White Ridley, 5th Viscount Ridley | United Kingdom | 2013 | 6 February 2013 | Robert Shirley, 13th Earl Ferrers | 17 December 2021 | |
| Robin Cayzer, 3rd Baron Rotherwick | United Kingdom | 1996 | 1999 | 1 February 2022 | ||
| Ivon Moore-Brabazon, 3rd Baron Brabazon of Tara | United Kingdom | 1976 | 1999 | 28 April 2022 | ||
| John Astor, 3rd Baron Astor of Hever | United Kingdom | 1984 | 1999 | 22 July 2022 |
Removed for non-attendance
Pursuant to section 2 of House of Lords Reform Act 2014
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Removed | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malcolm Mitchell-Thomson, 3rd Baron Selsdon | United Kingdom | 1963 | 1999 | 11 May 2021 |
Elected by the Crossbencher hereditary peers
Sitting
Deceased
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ziki Robertson, 11th Baroness Wharton | England | 1990 | 1999 | 15 May 2000 | |
| Henry Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon | Great Britain | 1987 | 1999 | 10 September 2001 | |
| Cherry Drummond, 16th Baroness Strange | England | 1986 | 1999 | 11 March 2005 | |
| Davina Ingrams, 18th Baroness Darcy de Knayth (Entered the house under the Peerage Act 1963) |
England | 1963 | 1999 | 24 February 2008 | |
| Christopher Bathurst, 3rd Viscount Bledisloe | United Kingdom | 1979 | 1999 | 12 May 2009 | |
| Mark Colville, 4th Viscount Colville of Culross | United Kingdom | 1954 | 1999 | 8 April 2010 | |
| John Monson, 11th Baron Monson | Great Britain | 1958 | 1999 | 12 February 2011 | |
| John Wilson, 2nd Baron Moran | United Kingdom | 1977 | 1999 | 14 February 2014 | |
| Michael Allenby, 3rd Viscount Allenby | United Kingdom | 1984 | 1999 | 3 October 2014 | |
| John Slim, 2nd Viscount Slim | United Kingdom | 1970 | 1999 | 12 January 2019 |
Resigned
Removed for non-attendance
Pursuant to section 2 of House of Lords Reform Act 2014
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Removed | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Bridges, 2nd Baron Bridges | United Kingdom | 1969 | 1999 | 18 May 2016 | 27 May 2017 |
Elected by the Liberal Democrats hereditary peers
Sitting
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dominic Hubbard, 6th Baron Addington | United Kingdom | 1982 | 1999 | |
| Patrick Boyle, 10th Earl of Glasgow (left the house in 1999) |
Scotland | 1984 | 25 January 2005 | Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell |
| John Archibald Sinclair, 3rd Viscount Thurso (left the house in 1999) |
United Kingdom | 1995 | 19 April 2016 | Eric Lubbock, 4th Baron Avebury |
Deceased
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell | United Kingdom | 1987 | 1999 | 14 October 2004 | |
| Eric Lubbock, 4th Baron Avebury | United Kingdom | 1971 | 1999 | 14 February 2016 |
Elected by the Labour hereditary peers
Sitting
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Suenson-Taylor, 3rd Baron Grantchester (left the house in 1999) |
United Kingdom | 1995 | 4 November 2003 | Michael Milner, 2nd Baron Milner of Leeds |
| Stephen Benn, 3rd Viscount Stansgate | United Kingdom | 2021 | 10 July 2021 | Nicolas Rea, 3rd Baron Rea |
Deceased
| Hereditary peer and title used in the Lords | Most senior title in the peerage of | First sat | Elected | Replacing | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael Milner, 2nd Baron Milner of Leeds | United Kingdom | 1967 | 1999 | 20 August 2003 | |
| Nicolas Rea, 3rd Baron Rea | United Kingdom | 1982 | 1999 | 1 June 2020 |
Notes
- ^ Sits in the Lords as Lord Henley, but is entitled to a seat as Lord Northington, which is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
- ^ Sits in the Lords as the Earl of Courtown, but is entitled to a seat as Lord Saltersford, which is in the Peerage of Great Britain.
- ^ Sits in the Lords as the Earl of Arran, but is entitled to a seat as Lord Sudley, which is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
- ^ Sits in the Lords as the Earl of Clancarty, but is entitled to a seat as Viscount Clancarty or Lord Trench, which both are in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
- ^ Sits in the Lords as the Earl of Cork and Orrery, but is entitled to a seat as Lord Boyle, which is in the Peerage of Great Britain and is a subsidiary title of the Earl of Orrery.
- ^ Sits in the Lords as Lord Carrington, and is entitled to a seat as Lord Carrington (of Upton) in the junior creation, which is in the Peerage of Great Britain.
- ^ Sat in the Lords as the Earl of Listowel, but was entitled to a seat as Lord Hare, which is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
See also
- 1999 hereditary peers' elections
- By-elections to the House of Lords
- List of hereditary peers in the House of Lords by virtue of a life peerage
- List of hereditary peers removed under the House of Lords Act 1999
- Peerage of the United Kingdom
References
- ^ "Hansard, Vol 604 No 126 Cols 1290-1292". 26 July 1999. Retrieved 19 May 2008.
- ^ Cracknell, Richard (15 June 2000). Lords Reform: The interim House – background statistics; Research Paper 00/61 (PDF). House of Commons Library. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
- ^ David Boothroyd. "House of Lords Act: Hereditary Peers Elections". United Kingdom Election Results. Archived from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
- ^ "Hereditary Peers' By-election" (PDF). 7 February 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
- ^ "House of Lords, Official Website - Viscount Falkland". Retrieved 5 April 2012.
- ^ "House of Lords, Official Website - Eal of Oxford and Asquith". Retrieved 9 September 2019.
- ^ "Earl Peel". UK Parliament. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- ^ "UKIP members in the House of Lords". ukipderbyshire.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
- ^ "Lord Willoughby de Broke". UK Parliament. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
- ^ "Lord Inglewood". UK Parliament. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
- ^ "Duke of Wellington". UK Parliament. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
- ^ "Earl of Selborne". UK Parliament. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
- ^ "Earl of Kinnoull". UK Parliament. Retrieved 15 September 2019.
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