Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election
![]() 2024 U.S. presidential election | |
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In the 2024 United States presidential election, different laws and procedures govern whether or not a candidate or political party is entitled to appear on voters' ballots.[1] Since election processes are decentralized by Article I, Section 4, of the United States Constitution, these laws are established and enforced by the states.[2] Additionally, there are often different requirements for primary and general elections, and requirements for primary elections may additionally differ by party.
Additionally, the filing requirements to appear on the ballot often differ between parties and independents, leading some independents such as Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to create a party to get on the ballot in states where the requirement is lower for party-sponsored candidates. Conversely, organizations such as No Labels and parties like the Libertarians and Greens will have their nominee petition as an independent in states where such a route is less restrictive. [3]
Maps
- Ballot access for write-in candidates[a]Write-in registration not requiredWrite-in candidates required to file; registration openWrite-ins not allowed
Deadlines
All dates are in the year 2024 unless otherwise stated.
State | Deadlines for candidate registration | ||||
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Party primaries and caucuses[4] | General election | ||||
Democrat | Republican | Minor party | Independent[4] | Write-in | |
AL | Nov 10, 2023 | Aug 15 | Automatic[5] | ||
AK | Jan 22 | n/a | Aug 7 | No write-ins[6] | |
AZ | Dec 22, 2023 | Aug 17 | Sep 26[7] | ||
AR | Nov 14, 2023 | Aug 5 | No write-ins[5] | ||
CA | Dec 15, 2023 | Aug 9 | Oct 22[8] | ||
CO | Dec 11, 2023 | Jul 11 | Jul 18[9] | ||
CT | Feb 9 | Aug 7 | Oct 7[10] | ||
DE | Feb 2 | Aug 12 | Sep 3 | Oct 28[11] | |
DC | Mar 6 | Aug 7 | Nov 12[12] | ||
FL | Nov 30, 2023 | Jul 15 | Jul 15[13] | ||
GA | n/a | Jul 9[14] | Sep 3[15] | ||
HI | Jan 24 | n/a | Aug 7 | No write-ins[5] | |
ID | n/a | Aug 1 | Sep 6[16] | ||
IL | Jan 5 | Jun 24 | Sep 5[17] | ||
IN | Feb 9 | Jun 30 | Jul 3[18] | ||
IA | Mar 5 | Jan 15 | n/a | Aug 24 | Automatic[5] |
KS | Jan 19 | Aug 5 | Oct 14[19] | ||
KY | Jan 5 | Sep 6 | Oct 25[20] | ||
LA | Dec 15, 2023 | Aug 23 | No write-ins[5] | ||
ME | Dec 1, 2023 | Aug 1 | Aug 27[21] | ||
MD | Feb 9 | Aug 5 | Oct 30[22] | ||
MA | Dec 22, 2023 | Jul 30 | Sep 6[23] | ||
MI | Dec 8, 2023 | Jul 18 | Oct 25[24] | ||
MN | Jan 2 | Aug 20 | Oct 29[25] | ||
MS | Jan 15 | Sep 6 | No write-ins[5] | ||
MO | Jan 22 | n/a | Jul 29 | Oct 25[26] | |
MT | Mar 11 | May 27 | Sep 11[27] | ||
NE | Mar 14 | Aug 1 | Oct 25[28] | ||
NV | Oct 16, 2023 | Aug 9 | No write-ins[5] | ||
NH | Oct 27, 2023 | Sep 4 | Automatic[5] | ||
NJ | Mar 25 | Jul 29 | Automatic[5] | ||
NM | Mar 12 | Jun 27 | No write-ins[5] | ||
NY | Jan 18 | May 28 | Oct 15[29] | ||
NC | Jan 1 | Mar 5 | Aug 7[30] | ||
ND | Jan 5 | n/a | Sep 3 | Oct 15[31] | |
OH | Dec 20, 2023 | Jul 18 | Aug 7 | Aug 25[32] | |
OK | Dec 6, 2023 | Jun 15 | No write-ins[5] | ||
OR | Mar 12 | Aug 27 | Automatic[5] | ||
PA | Feb 13 | Aug 1 | Automatic[5] | ||
RI | Dec 30, 2023 | Jun 26 | Automatic[5] | ||
SC | Nov 10, 2023 | Oct 31, 2023 | n/a | Jul 15 | No write-ins[5] |
SD | Mar 26 | Apr 26 | Aug 6 | No write-ins[5] | |
TN | Dec 5, 2023 | Aug 15 | Sep 16[33] | ||
TX | Dec 11, 2023 | May 13 | Aug 19[34] | ||
UT | Dec 1 | n/a | Jun 15[b] | Sep 1[36] | |
VT | Dec 15, 2023 | Aug 8 | Aug 1 | Automatic[5] | |
VA | Dec 14, 2023 | Aug 23 | Oct 28[37] | ||
WA | Jan 5 | n/a | Aug 2 | Poll closure[38] | |
WV | Jan 27 | Aug 1 | Sep 17[39] | ||
WI | n/a | Sep 3 | Aug 6 | Oct 22[40] | |
WY | n/a | Aug 19 | Aug 26 | Automatic[5] |
General election
The following is a table for which parties and independent candidates have received presidential ballot access in which states.
indicates that the party or candidate is on the ballot in 2024.
indicates that the party or candidate has credibly finished petitioning for the ballot awaiting certification.
indicates that the state has automatic write-in access.
indicates that the candidate is a recognized write-in candidate.
indicates that the party or candidate did not register for any ballot access for 2024 before the deadline, write-in or otherwise.
Parties not expected to field candidates for President and parties without presidential ballot access will not be included.
State / electors | Nominated parties and independents | Parties without nominees | ||||||||||||
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AL | 9 | ![]() |
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AK | 3 | ![]() |
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AZ | 11 | ![]() |
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AR | 6 | ![]() |
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CA | 54 | ![]() |
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CO | 10 | ![]() |
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CT | 7 | ![]() |
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DE | 3 | ![]() |
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DC | 3 | ![]() |
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FL | 30 | ![]() |
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GA | 16 | ![]() |
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HI | 4 | ![]() |
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ID | 4 | ![]() |
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IL | 19 | ![]() |
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IN | 11 | ![]() |
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IA | 6 | ![]() |
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KS | 6 | ![]() |
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KY | 8 | ![]() |
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LA | 8 | ![]() |
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ME | 4 | ![]() |
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MD | 10 | ![]() |
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MA | 11 | ![]() |
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MI | 15 | ![]() |
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MN | 10 | ![]() |
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MS | 6 | ![]() |
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MO | 10 | ![]() |
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MT | 4 | ![]() |
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NE | 5 | ![]() |
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NV | 6 | [g] | ![]() |
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NH | 4 | ![]() |
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NJ | 14 | ![]() |
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NM | 5 | ![]() |
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NY | 28 | ![]() |
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NC | 16 | ![]() |
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ND | 3 | ![]() |
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OH | 17 | ![]() |
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OK | 7 | ![]() |
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OR | 8 | ![]() |
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PA | 19 | ![]() |
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RI | 4 | ![]() |
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SC | 9 | ![]() |
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SD | 3 | ![]() |
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TN | 11 | ![]() |
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TX | 40 | ![]() |
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UT | 6 | ![]() |
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VT | 3 | ![]() |
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VA | 13 | ![]() |
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WA | 12 | ![]() |
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WV | 4 | ![]() |
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WI | 10 | ![]() |
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WY | 3 | ![]() |
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Total states + DC (write-in) |
4 (9) |
7 (8) |
4 (8) |
13 (7) |
51 | 21 (8) |
38 (5) |
23 (5) |
51 | |||||
Total electors (write-in) |
23 (70) |
65 (66) |
26 (62) |
126 (59) |
538 | 256 (62) |
384 (50) |
189 (46) |
538 | |||||
Ref. | [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] |
Ballot access in three states or fewer
The following parties are expected to run a candidate for President and Vice President, or have done so in the past.
- American Independent Party - California, Nevada, Utah (66 electors)[57][58][59]
- Peace and Freedom Party – California (54 electors)[60]
- Legal Marijuana Now Party - Nebraska, Minnesota (15 electors)[61]
- Alliance Party – South Carolina and Alaska (12 electors)[62][63]
- American Solidarity Party (Peter Sonski for President, Lauren Onak for Vice President) - Arkansas, Hawaii (10 electoral votes)[43]
- Approval Voting Party – Colorado (10 electors)[64]
- Unity Party – Colorado (10 electors)[64]
- Prohibition Party (Michael Wood for President, John Pietrowski for Vice President) - Arkansas (6 electors)[43]
- United Kansas – Kansas (6 electors)[65]
- Alaskan Independence Party – Alaska (3 electors)[63]
- Peace and Justice Party – Vermont (3 electors)[66]
- Green Party of Alaska[h] – Alaska (3 electors)[63]
Democratic primary
The following is a table for which candidates have received ballot access in which states. indicates that the candidate was on the ballot for the primary contest,
indicates that the candidate was a recognized write-in candidate, and
indicates that the candidate did not appear on the ballot in that state's contest.
indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but was still listed on the ballot. If a state does not appear in the table, the filing deadline in the state has not passed.
Republican primary
The following is a table for which candidates have received ballot access in which states. If a state does not appear in the table, the filing deadline in the state has not passed.
indicates that the candidate was on the ballot for the primary contest
indicates that the candidate was a recognized write-in candidate
indicates that the candidate did not appear on the ballot in that state's contest.
indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but was still listed on the ballot.
Candidates listed in italics have suspended their campaigns.
Third party primaries
Libertarian primary
The following is a table for which candidates have received ballot access in which states. indicates that the candidate was on the ballot for the primary contest,
indicates that the candidate was a recognized write-in candidate, and
indicates that the candidate did not appear on the ballot in that state's contest.
indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but was still listed on the ballot. If a state does not appear in the table, the filing deadline in the state has not passed.
State | Date | Ballay | Hornberger | Mapstead | Oliver | Olivier | Rectenwald | Smith | ter Maat | Other | Ref |
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AZ | Jan 13 | ![]() |
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[191] |
IA | Jan 15 | Ballot access not required | |||||||||
AL | Feb 3 | ![]() |
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[192] |
MS | Feb 24 | ![]() |
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[193] |
MN | Feb 27 | All FEC filed candidates qualified | [194] | ||||||||
IN | Mar 2 | ![]() |
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[195] |
PA | ![]() |
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[196] | |
MA | Mar 5 | ![]() |
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[197] |
NC | ![]() |
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[198] | |
CA | ![]() |
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[199][200] | |
OK | ![]() |
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[201] | |
NE | May 14 | ![]() |
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[202] |
NM | Jun 4 | ![]() |
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[203] |
Green primary
See also
- 2024 United States presidential election
- Ballot access in the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries
- Ballot access in the 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
- Third party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election
- Ballot Access News
Notes
- ^ Sources for individual states located in the deadlines section
- ^ Filing deadline was previously Jan 8, but legislation was passed to extend the deadline.[35]
- ^ Presumptive
- ^ Presumptive
- ^ The Green Party of Alaska is qualified but not affiliated with the national Green Party.
- ^ Challenged by the state Democratic party[41]
- ^ Kennedy reportedly collected enough signatures to appear on the ballot, but may be voided due to not including a Vice Presidential candidate[42]
- ^ Not affiliated with National Green Party
- ^ Includes "None of These Candidates" in Nevada; "noncommitted delegate" in Colorado; "no preference" in Massachusetts, Montana, and North Carolina; "undeclared" in Wyoming; "none of the names shown" in Kansas; "uninstructed delegation" in Wisconsin.
- ^ This primary has not been officially sanctioned by the DNC.
- ^ Iowa is holding an all mail-in caucus due to DNC rules. Mail-in voting occurs from January 12 to March 5.
- ^ a b c d e f Uygur is not eligible to be president under the natural-born citizen clause of the United States Constitution.
- ^ a b Voting runs from March 5 to March 12.
- ^ Primary cancelled.
- ^ This primary has not been officially sanctioned by the RNC.
- ^ Filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ Filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ Filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ Filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ Although Trump submitted the requisite paperwork, the Colorado Supreme Court ruled in Anderson v. Griswold that he is ineligible for the presidency due to his involvement in the January 6 Capitol attack, though the ruling was stayed, pending appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.[146] The U.S. Supreme Court agreed on January 5 to hear the case and Trump will be listed on the ballot.[147] On March 4, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the Colorado Supreme Court decision.
- ^ Although Ramaswamy initially submitted the requisite paperwork, he indicated that he would withdraw from the state primary in protest of Trump's exclusion.[148]
- ^ Trump was removed from the ballot by the Maine Secretary of State due to his participation in the January 6 attack, but the decision was placed on hold while the related case Colorado case of Anderson v. Griswold makes its way through the courts. On March 4, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that Trump would not be removed from the ballot.
- ^ cancelled
- ^ Filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ Joseph Collins Jr.
- ^ Joseph Collins Jr., write-ins were also counted
- ^ Joseph Collins Jr.
- ^ Toad Anderson, David "TrimeTaveler" Dunlap, Beau Lindsey
Notes
- ^ "President": R. Boddie, Terrisa Bukovinac, Eban Cambridge, Gabriel Cornejo, Mark Stewart Greenstein, Tom Koos, Paul V. LaCava, Star Locke, Frankie Lozada, Stephen P. Lyons, Raymond Michael Moroz, Derek Nadeau, Mando Perez-Serrato, Donald Picard, Paperboy Love Prince, Richard Rist, Vermin Supreme, John Vail
Received votes as a write-in not counted as "scatter": Nikki Haley (running as a Republican), Donald Trump (running as a Republican), Vivek Ramaswamy (ran as a Republican), Ron DeSantis (ran as a Republican), Chris Christie (ran as a Republican), Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (running as an Independent), CeaseFire (not a candidate), Bernie Sanders (not a candidate) - ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Superpayaseria Crystalroc, Brent Foutz, John Haywood, Stephen Alan Leon, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Armando Perez-Serrato, Donald Picard, Mark R. Prascak
- ^ Frank Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Armando Perez-Serrato
- ^ "President": R. Boddie, Eban Cambridge, Gabriel Cornejo, Stephen P. Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato
Recognized write-in candidates: Willie Felix Carter, President Cristina Nicole Grappo, Richard Gutierrez, James Mark Merts, Reed Michaelsen, Wayne Anthony Pope Sr. - ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Stephen P. Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato
- ^ Eban Cambridge, Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[l]
- ^ Stephen Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[l]
- ^ Gabriel A. Cornejo, Edward Kimbrough, Robert Star Locke, Frankie Lozada, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[l]
- ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Frank Lozada
- ^ Mark Stewart Greenstein, Cenk Uygur[l]
- ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons
- ^ Frankie Lozada
- ^ "Bob" Ely, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[l]
- ^ Stephen Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato
- ^ Cenk Uygur[l]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Chris Christie
- ^ While caucus goers could vote for anyone, votes for all those other than the seven listed candidates were tallied as "Other"
- ^ Scott Alan Ayers, Doug Burgum, Robert S. Carney Jr., John Anthony Castro, Chris Christie, Peter Jedick, Perry Johnson, Donald Kjornes, Mary Maxwell, Glenn J. McPeters, Scott Peterson Merrell, Darius L. Mitchell, Mike Pence, Tim Scott, Hirsh V. Singh, Samuel Howard Sloan, David Stuckenberg, Rachel Swift.
Recognized Write-ins: Joe Biden (running as a Democrat), Dean Phillips (running as a Democrat), Marianne Williamson (running as a Democrat), Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (running as an Independent), Mark Greenstein (running as a Democrat), CeaseFire (not a candidate) - ^ John Anthony Castro, Heath V. Fulkerson, Mike Pence, Tim Scott, Hirsh V. Singh, Donald Kjornes
- ^ Chris Christie, Perry Johnson
Doug Burgum and Tim Scott also filed for inclusion, but withdrew their candidacies before the slate was finalized. - ^ Chris Christie, David Stuckenberg
Doug Burgum and Tim Scott filed for inclusion, but withdrew before the ballot was finalized. - ^ David Stuckenburg
Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, and Tim Scott filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized. - ^ Chris Christie, Doug Burgum, David Stuckenberg
- ^ David Stuckenberg.
Chris Christie also filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized. - ^ Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, Tim Scott, David Stuckenberg
- ^ a b c Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, David Stuckenberg
- ^ Chris Christie, David Stuckenberg, Rachel Swift
Recognized Write-in candidates: Hugo C Aguilar, Ryan Stephen Ehrenreich, Douglas Groves
Doug Burgum filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized - ^ Chris Christie, Walter Iwachiw (write-in), Rachel Swift (write-in)
- ^ Doug Burgum filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ a b Chris Christie, David Stuckenberg
- ^ Doug Burgum and Chris Christie filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized
- ^ Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, Perry Johnson, Tim Scott, David Stuckenberg
- ^ John Anthony Castro, Chris Christie, David Stuckenberg
- ^ Chris Christie.
Doug Burgum also filed for inclusion but withdrew before the ballot was finalized - ^ Chris Christie, David Stuckenberg, Rachel Swift
- ^ Perry Johnson
- ^ Rachel Swift, David Stuckenberg
References
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- ^ Baracskay, Daniel. "Ballot Access". The First Amendment Encyclopedia. Murfreesboro, Tennessee: Middle Tennessee State University. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
- ^ Welch, Matt (2024-02-02). "Presidential ballot will be crowded with third party candidates". Reason.com. Retrieved 2024-02-02.
- ^ a b "2024 PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY DATES AND CANDIDATE FILING DEADLINES FOR BALLOT ACCESS" (PDF). fec.gov. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "Write-in candidate". ballotpedia.org. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "Alaska Admin Code 6 AAC 25.069". akleg.gov. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
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- ^ "California" (PDF). nass.org. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
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- ^ "2010 Georgia Code TITLE 21 - ELECTIONS CHAPTER 2 - ELECTIONS AND PRIMARIES GENERALLY ARTICLE 4 - SELECTION AND QUALIFICATION OF CANDIDATES AND PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS PART 1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS § 21-2-133 - Giving notice of intent of write-in candidacy; filing of affidavit; limitations on candidacy; certification of candidates". Justia. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "TITLE 34 ELECTIONS CHAPTER 7 NOMINATIONS — CONVENTIONS — PRIMARY ELECTIONS". Idaho Legislature. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
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- ^ "16.1-12-02.2. Certificate of candidacy by write-in candidates" (PDF). N Dakota Legislature. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
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- ^ Winger, Richard (26 March 2024). "Hawaii Democratic Party Officials File a Challenge to the We the People Party". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
- ^ Novelo, Allison (25 March 2024). "RFK Jr.'s ballot signatures could be invalid in Nevada without VP". CBS News. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
- ^ a b c Winger, Richard (28 February 2024). "February 2024 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
- ^ "Qualified Political Parties". Montana Secretary of State - Christi Jacobsen. 22 February 2018. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
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