Yazidis in Iraq
Yazidis in Iraq live mainly in the Sinjar region and the Nineveh Plains, which are located within the Nineveh Governorate in north-western Iraq.
Demography
According to estimates, the number of Yazidis in Iraq is up to 700,000.[1][2][3] According to the Yazda aid organization, just over half a million Yazidis lived throughout Iraq before August 2014.[4]
Settlement areas
The settlement area of the Yazidis in Iraq includes the districts of Sinjar, Tel Kaif, al-Hamdaniya and Shekhan of the Nineveh Governorate in north-western Iraq. Other Yazidi settlement areas are in the Simele district and in the Zakho district in the Duhok governorate.
History
In 1585, the Yazidis in the Sinjar Mountain were attacked by the Kurds from Bohtan.[5]
In 1832, the Kurdish princes Bedirkhan Beg and Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz attacked Yazidis in the Shekhan region and carried out a massacre of Yazidis with the help of their troops. Almost the entire Yazidi population of Shekhan was murdered as a result.[6][7][8][9]
After the Ottoman Empire was divided and the British Mandate of Mesopotamia was established (which is one of the predecessors of the state of Iraq), the Yazidis living in what is now Iraq were separated from the Yazidis in Turkey and the Yazidis in Syria.
On August 14, 2007, the Yazidis in Iraq were victims of the 2007 Yazidi communities bombings in Sinjar, which killed 796 people.[10]
On August 3, 2014, the Islamic State committed genocide against Yazidis in the Sinjar region of northern Iraq, killing an estimated 5,000 to 10,000 Yazidis and abducting another 6,000 to 7,000 Yazidis women and children.[11][12][13]
Flight and migration
Due to persecution, many Yazidis fled Iraq, including over 75,000 to Germany since 2015.[11]
Notable people
- Nadia Murad (Yazidi human rights activist and Nobel Peace Prize winner)
See also
References
- ^ Kizilhan, Jan Ilhan (2016-10-10). Die Psychologie des IS: Die Logik der Massenmörder (in German). Europa Verlag. ISBN 978-3-95890-115-5.
- ^ Sevdeen, Bayar Mustafa; Schmidinger, Thomas (2019-04-16). Beyond ISIS: History and Future of Religious Minorities in Iraq. Transnational Press London. ISBN 978-1-912997-15-2.
- ^ Shafie, Majed El (2012-09-18). Freedom Fighter: One Man's Fight for One Free World. Destiny Image Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7684-8773-2.
- ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Irak: Die verlorene Heimat der Jesiden | DW | 02.08.2018". DW.COM (in German). Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ "Yazīdīs - Oxford Islamic Studies Online". www.oxfordislamicstudies.com. Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ Acikyildiz, Birgul (2014-08-20). The Yezidis: The History of a Community, Culture and Religion. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-78453-216-1.
- ^ Lescot, Roger (1938). Enquête sur les Yezidis de Syrie et du Djebel Sindjār [microform] (in French). Internet Archive. Beyrouth : [Institut français de Damas]. p. 125.
- ^ Tagay, Sefik; Ortac, Serhat (2016). "Die Eziden und das Ezidentum – Geschichte und Gegenwart einer vom Untergang bedrohten Religion" (PDF) (in German). Hamburg: Landeszentrale für politische Bildung. pp. 49–50. Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ Layard, Austen Henry (1849). Niniveh and Its Remains: With an Account of a Visit to the Chaldaean Christians of Kurdistan, and the Yezidis, Or Devil-Worshippers : and an Enquiry Into the Manners and Arts of the Ancient Assyrians. Murray. p. 275.
- ^ Oehring, Otmar (2017). "Christen und Jesiden im Irak: aktuelle Lage und Perspektiven". Konrad Adenauer Foundation (in German). p. 15. Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ a b Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Die Jesiden fünf Jahre nach dem Genozid | DW | 01.08.2019". DW.COM (in German). Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ Adams, Pari Ibrahim and Laurie (2016-08-04). "It was genocide with a template. We must seek justice for the Yazidi people". the Guardian. Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ "Völkermord an den Jesiden im Irak: Wie der Genozid heute aufgearbeitet wird". www.rnd.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-02-07.
External links
