Weinmannia

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Weinmannia
Weinmannia tinctoria flowers.JPG
Weinmannia tinctoria
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Oxalidales
Family: Cunoniaceae
Genus: Weinmannia
L.
Species

See text

Synonyms
  • Arnoldia Blume
  • Leiospermum D. Don
  • Pterophylla D. Don
Weinmannia blumei

Weinmannia is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagascar and surrounding islands, Malesia and the islands of the South Pacific. It is absent from mainland Africa and Australia, but some fossils have been attributed to Weinmannia in Australia.[1] Leaves are simple or pinnate, with a margin usually toothed, and interpetiolar stipules. Flowers are bisexual, white, arranged in racemes. The fruit is a capsule opening vertically from the top to the base. Seeds hairy without wings.

Taxonomy

The genus has been divided into five sections:[2]

  • Fasciculata (mostly Malesia, from Sumatra to Fiji)
  • Inspersa (Madagascar)
  • Leiospermum (mostly Pacific, from Bismarck archipelago to the Marquesas)
  • Spicata (Madagascar and Comores)
  • Weinmannia (Central and South America, Mascarenes)

A phylogenomic study by Pillon et al. (2021) concluded that Weinmannia was paraphyletic, and formed two distinct clades. The species belonging to the four Old World sections – Fasciculatae, Inspersae, Spicatae, and Leiospermum – formed a monophyletic group, which is sister to the Old World (mostly New Caledonian) genera Cunonia and Pancheria. Section Weinmannia, which includes species from the Americas and the Mascarene Islands, is sister to the Old World assemblage. They proposed placing the four Old World sections into the revived genus Pterophylla, with genus Weinmannia limited to the American and Mascarene species in section Weinmannia.[3]

As of February 2014 The Plant List recognises 129 accepted species (including infraspecific names):[4]

Fasciculata Bernardi ex Hoogland & H.C.Hopkins

(mostly Malesia, from Sumatra to Fiji)[2][5][6][7]

Inspersa

(Madagascar)[2]

Leiospermum (D. Don) Engl.

(mostly Pacific, from Bismarck archipelago to the Marquesas)[2][7][8][9]

Spicata

(Madagascar and Comores)[2]

Weinmannia

(Central and South America, Mascarenes)[2][10]

References

  1. ^ Barnes, R.W., Hill, R.S. & Bradford, J.C. (2001) The history of Cunoniaceae in Australia from macrofossil evidence. Australian Journal of Botany 49: 301‑20.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Bradford, J.C. (1998) A cladisitc analysis of species groups in Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) based on morphology and inflorescence structure. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 (4): 565‑93.
  3. ^ Pillon, Y., H. C. F. Hopkins, O. Maurin, N. Epitawalage, J. Bradford, Z. S. Rogers, W. J. Baker, and F. Forest. 2021. Phylogenomics and biogeography of Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales) with complete generic sampling and taxonomic realignments. American Journal of Botany 108(7): 1181–1200.
  4. ^ "Weinmannia". The Plant List. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  5. ^ Hopkins, H.C.F. & Bradford, J.C. (1998). A revision of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) in Malesia and the Pacific. 1. Introduction and an account of the species of Western Malesia, the Lesser Sunda Islands and the Moluccas . Adansonia 20 (1) : 5‑41.
  6. ^ Hopkins H.C.F. (1998). A revision of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) in Malesia and the Pacific. 2. Sulawesi and the Philippines. Adansonia 20 (1): 43‑66.
  7. ^ a b Hopkins, H.C.F., Hoogland, R.D. & Bradford, J.C. (1998). A revision of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) in Malesia and the Pacific. 3. New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Fiji, with notes on the species of Samoa, Rarotonga, New Caledonia and New Zealand. Adansonia 20 (1): 67‑106.
  8. ^ Hopkins, H.C.F. & Florence, J. (1998). A revision of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) in Malesia and the Pacific. 4. The Society, Marquesas and Austral Islands. Adansonia 20 (1): 107‑30.
  9. ^ Hopkins, H.C., Pillon, Y., Hoogland, R.D. (2014). Cunoniaceae : Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, volume 26. Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris ; IRD, Marseille, 455 p. (collection Faune et Flore tropicales ; 45)
  10. ^ Weinmannia L. Plants of the World Online, Kew Science. Accessed 26 September 2022.

External links

  • "Weinmannia". Encyclopedia of Chilean Flora (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 December 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2014.Error: "Q1311498" is not a valid Wikidata entity ID.
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