Wadeye, Northern Territory
| Wadeye Northern Territory | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
  Wadeye | |||||||||
| Coordinates | 14°14′20″S 129°31′19″E / 14.23889°S 129.52194°ECoordinates: 14°14′20″S 129°31′19″E / 14.23889°S 129.52194°E | ||||||||
| Population | 2,280 (2016 census)[1] | ||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 0822 | ||||||||
| Elevation | 11 m (36 ft) | ||||||||
| Location | 394 km (245 mi) from Darwin | ||||||||
| LGA(s) | West Daly Region | ||||||||
| Territory electorate(s) | Daly | ||||||||
| Federal division(s) | Lingiari | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Wadeye (English pronunciation: /wɒdeɪa/ wod-eh-yeh or /wædaɪja/ wad-ayeh) is a town in Australia's Northern Territory. It was formerly known (and is still often referred to) as Port Keats. At the 2016 census, Wadeye had a population of 2,280.[1] Wadeye is the 6th most populous town, and the largest Indigenous community in the Northern Territory.
History
Aboriginal Australians who inhabited the area long before white settlement include seven language groups, with the main language spoken being Murrinh-patha.[citation needed]
The township was originally founded as a Roman Catholic mission station by Father Richard Docherty in 1935 at Werntek Nganayi (Old Mission), and subsequently moved 14 km (8.7 mi) inland to the community's present location. Due to the opportunities that the mission provided for the people in the area, and the limited space and facilities at the mission, Father Docherty had to turn some people away until the mission's facilities and gardens could provide for large numbers of people. The mission was populated by people from seven different language groups and more than 20 clans. The Australian Government took over at some point and managed the mission as an Aboriginal reserve until the late 1970s.[citation needed]
In 1978, local government was handed to the Kardu Numida Council and the community was renamed Wadeye.[citation needed]
In 2022, mass unrest started over the death of a 32-year-old man on April 19, after he was allegedly attacked by an 18-year-old man. The teen was charged with manslaughter.[2][3] Violence escalated between the 22 clan groups[4] over the incident that resulted in a man reportedly being killed with a spear in the head, a total of 37 homes being extensively damaged by fire in arson attacks and 125 of Wadeye's 288 properties needing repairs according to the Northern Territory government. All told, 545 residents have been forced from their homes since tensions escalated in April with violence still ongoing.[5] In June 2022, total of sixteen eight bows and six crossbows were stolen in Darwin and used in Wadeye to injure at least four men.[6]
Location and access
The town is remote, situated on the western edge of the Daly River Reserve about 230 kilometres (140 mi) by air south-west of Darwin. The Fitzmaurice River more or less forms its southern boundary.
It lies close to the Hyland Bay and Moyle Floodplain Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance for large numbers of waterbirds.[7]
Wadeye has a sealed airstrip, Port Keats Airfield, with regular passenger flights to Darwin. Road access is mostly unsealed via the Port Keats/ Daly River Road. Wadeye is only accessible by road during the dry season as the wet season renders many river crossings impassable, and access is only possible by light aircraft or coastal barge.[citation needed]
Facilities
Wadeye is serviced by several organisations including government and non-government organisations. There is a Catholic school operated by Our Lady of the Sacred Heart that provides education to students from transition through to year 12. In 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, seven students completed high school in Wadeye. It was the first time since 2007 that anyone had completed the final year.[8]
There is a clinic operated by the Northern Territory Government that provides primary health care and emergency care services for the community. Clients requiring care that is not able to be managed in the community are transferred to Royal Darwin Hospital via the Top End Medical Retrieval Service operated by CareFlight.[citation needed]
The development corporation for the community is Thammarurr Development Corporation (TDC), which represents the local 21 clan groups, providing funding, governance and leadership around issues surrounding community development related to health, housing, education and country.[citation needed]
There is a well stocked shop and a take-away operated by the TDC.[citation needed]
Wadeye is also the site of a temporary ADF Radar site that is used during exercises conducted in the Top End.[citation needed]
Art and culture
Nym Bunduk was the first painter in Wadeye who had international interest. He was asked by Bill Stanner, an anthropologist who had come with Richard Docherty in 1935, to produce pieces explaining traditional law, which he made after he saw a map produced by Stanner. He produced many bark paintings of the dreaming which informed Stanner's research. In the 1958 George Chaloupka commissioned 64 paintings by local artists including Nym Bunduk,[9] Charlie Mardigan[10] and Charlie Brinken. By the 1960s the Catholic Mission was buying artworks from local artists at the mission store. Bark painting soon became a small mission-run cottage industry.[11] Today in Wadeye Mark Crocomb follows in the footsteps of Stanner collecting history and languages before they are lost. Following in the tradition of Nym Bundak is Richard 'Skunky' Parmbuk. He is one of many artists filling the space left by Nym in Wadeye.[12][13]
Climate
As any other regions in the Top End, Wadeye has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) with distinct wet and dry seasons. The dry season normally occurs from about May to October. The temperature of the dry season can drop below 10 °C (50 °F) during the coolest months between May and August, and it can peak above 40 °C (104 °F) in the build up months between September to November. The wet season is generally associated with monsoon rains and tropical cyclones. Most of the rainfall occurs from December to March (southern hemisphere summer), when thunderstorms are not very uncommon and afternoon relative humidity averages over 70 percent during the wettest months.
| Climate data for Wadeye Airport, Northern Territory, Australia (1997-present normals and extremes) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.9 (102.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
38.3 (100.9) |
38.0 (100.4) |
37.4 (99.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
35.4 (95.7) |
37.5 (99.5) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
40.6 (105.1) |
38.9 (102.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.9 (96.6) |
36.1 (97.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.1 (93.4) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.3 (97.3) |
36.1 (97.0) |
36.4 (97.5) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 32.6 (90.7) |
32.7 (90.9) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
33.0 (91.4) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.1 (89.8) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.6 (94.3) |
33.7 (92.7) |
33.1 (91.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 28.8 (83.8) |
28.8 (83.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.3 (81.1) |
29.3 (84.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
29.6 (85.3) |
27.6 (81.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 24.9 (76.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.3 (75.7) |
22.5 (72.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.9 (69.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.4 (77.7) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.0 (71.5) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
15.4 (59.7) |
12.7 (54.9) |
12.5 (54.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
17.6 (63.7) |
21.6 (70.9) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.4 (74.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
13.8 (56.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
8.5 (47.3) |
10.0 (50.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.6 (58.3) |
19.0 (66.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
8.2 (46.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 335.1 (13.19) |
298.8 (11.76) |
198.9 (7.83) |
80.1 (3.15) |
18.0 (0.71) |
3.9 (0.15) |
1.0 (0.04) |
0.7 (0.03) |
8.1 (0.32) |
44.7 (1.76) |
76.8 (3.02) |
197.4 (7.77) |
1,263.5 (49.73) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) | 14.0 | 13.9 | 12.3 | 5.6 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 10.5 | 68.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75.5 | 75.5 | 71.5 | 55.0 | 44.0 | 38.0 | 38.0 | 46.5 | 56.0 | 58.0 | 63.0 | 69.5 | 57.5 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 24.5 (76.1) |
24.6 (76.3) |
23.7 (74.7) |
19.7 (67.5) |
14.1 (57.4) |
9.7 (49.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.2 (64.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
23.2 (73.8) |
24.1 (75.4) |
18.7 (65.7) |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology[14] | |||||||||||||
References
- ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Wadeye (State Suburb)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ^ "Man, 18, charged over death in remote NT community, amid ongoing community unrest". ABC News. 20 April 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ^ Wood, David. "'Absolute mayhem in Wadeye': Sources tell of community in violent crisis and a lack of information made public". ntindependent.com.au/. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ^ Smith, Rohan (4 May 2022). "Violence out of control in outback town of Wadeye, home to 22 clan groups". News.com.au. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ^ "NT social unrest cost grows as homes hit". 7NEWS. 23 June 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ^ Wood, David. "Crossbows stolen from Darwin used to shoot people in Wadeye: sources". ntindependent.com.au/. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ^ BirdLife International. (2011). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Hyland Bay and Moyle Floodplain. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 2011-12-23.
- ^ Allemann, Samantha (3 November 2020). "These Year 12s are the first to finish school". SBS News. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ "Nym Bunduk | port keats bark painting | value | sell | Nym Bandak". Aboriginal Bark Paintings. 30 June 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ "Charlie Mardigan | port keats bark | value | sell | Wadeye bark painting". Aboriginal Bark Paintings. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ "Port Keats painting | Wadeye painting | Port Keats bark painting". Aboriginal Bark Paintings. 4 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ Graeme K Wardand Mark Crocombe (15 November 2011). "Port Keats painting: Revolution and continuity". Retrieved 13 January 2011.
- ^ "Wildlife Enterprise Centre". 15 November 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2011.
- ^ "Climate statistics for Australian locations – Port Keats Airport, Wadeye, Northern Territory". 25 April 2022.
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