Urbanus (butterfly)
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| Urbanus | |
|---|---|
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| Long-tailed skipper (Urbanus proteus) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Hesperiidae |
| Subfamily: | Eudaminae |
| Genus: | Urbanus Hübner, [1807] |
| Synonyms | |
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Urbanus is a genus of skipper butterflies erected by Jacob Hübner in 1807, placed to subtribe Eudamina.[1] Species of the genus are found from the southern United States to South America.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus has been subject to several revisions, one of which led to the type genus of subfamily Eudaminae, genus Eudamus, becoming a junior synonym of Urbanus. As a result of genome analysis of the Eudaminae, several species formerly considered part of Urbanus have been transferred to other genera, including to Cecropterus[1] and Spicauda.[1]
Species
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Urbanus and related genera depicted in Adalbert Seitz's Macrolepidoptera of the World
Except where separately referenced, this species list follows the classification of Li et al. 2019,[1] with distribution data sourced from Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms.[2]
Subgenus Urbanoides
- Urbanus esmeraldus (A. Butler, 1877) – Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, Honduras to Brazil, Colombia
- Urbanus esma Evans, 1952 – Brazil
- Urbanus prodicus E. Bell, 1956 – Mexico
- Urbanus elmina Evans, 1952 – Ecuador
- Urbanus evona Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Guatemala
- Urbanus esta Evans, 1952 – Mexican coasts to Ecuador and Brazil[3]
- Urbanus viridis H. Freeman, 1970 – Mexico
Subgenus Urbanus
- Urbanus velinus (Plötz, 1881) – Brazil, Guyana
- Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) – southern US, Mexico, Central & South America
- Urbanus proteus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) – Mexico
- Urbanus proteus domingo (Scudder, 1872) – Saba to Grenada, Haiti
- Urbanus magnus Steinhauser, 1981 – Ecuador
- Urbanus pronus Evans, 1952 – Central America, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay; Mexico[4]
- Urbanus pronta Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Honduras
- Urbanus parvus Austin, 1998 – Brazil
- Urbanus longicaudus Austin, 1998 – Brazil
- Urbanus villus Austin, 1998 – Brazil
- Urbanus huancavillcas (R. Williams, 1926) – Ecuador
- Urbanus belli (Hayward, 1935) – Mexico to Bolivia to Argentina
- Urbanus bernikerni Burns, 2014
- Urbanus ehakernae Burns, 2014
- Urbanus segnestami Burns, 2014
- Urbanus viterboana (Ehrmann, 1907) – Mexico to Colombia, Ecuador
- Urbanus dubius Steinhauser, 1981 – Colombia
- Urbanus megalurus (Mabille, 1877)
- Urbanus tucuti (R. Williams, 1927)
Former species
Transferred to Cecropterus:
- Urbanus dorantes (Stoll, 1790)
- Urbanus obscurus (Hewitson, 1867)
- Urbanus evenus (Ménétriés, 1855)
- Urbanus virescens (Mabille, 1877)
- Urbanus trebia (Möschler, 1879)
- Urbanus carmelita (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
- Urbanus reductus (N. Riley, 1919)
- Urbanus doryssus (Swainson, 1831)
- Urbanus albimargo (Mabille, 1875)
Transferred to Spicauda:
- Urbanus teleus (Hübner, 1821)
- Urbanus tanna Evans, 1952
- Urbanus ambiguus de Jong, 1983
- Urbanus cindra Evans, 1952
- Urbanus zagorus (Plötz, 1881)
- Urbanus simplicius (Stoll, 1790)
- Urbanus procne (Plötz, 1881)
Transferred to Telegonus
- Urbanus chalco (Hübner, 1823)
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Urbanus.
Wikispecies has information related to Urbanus.
- ^ a b c d Li, Wenlin; Cong, Qian; Shen, Jinhui; Zhang, Jing; Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.; Grishin, Nick V. (26 March 2019). "Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (13). Supporting Information: Appendix pp.10–24. doi:10.1073/pnas.1821304116. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
- ^ a b Savela, Markku (March 27, 2019). "Urbanus Hübner, [1807]". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
- ^ "Urbanus esta thumbnails". butterfliesofamerica.com. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
- ^ "Urbanus pronus thumbnails". butterfliesofamerica.com. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
External links
- "Taxonomy Browser: Urbanus". Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). Retrieved April 26, 2020.Error: "Q1361321" is not a valid Wikidata entity ID.
Categories:
- Articles with short description
- Articles with 'species' microformats
- Taxonbars desynced from Wikidata
- Taxonbar pages requiring a Wikidata item
- Taxonbars with invalid from parameters
- Taxonbars without secondary Wikidata taxon IDs
- Eudaminae
- Butterflies of North America
- Butterflies of Central America
- Hesperiidae of South America
- Lepidoptera of the Caribbean
- Hesperiidae genera
- Taxa named by Jacob Hübner