Tylophora

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Tylophora
Indian ipecac or Anntmool (Tylophora indica) in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8310.jpg
Tylophora indica at Talakona forest, in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh, India.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Gentianales
Family:
Apocynaceae
Subfamily:
Asclepiadoideae
Genus:
Tylophora

Tylophora is a genus of climbing plant or vine, first described as a genus in 1810. It is native to tropical and subtropical Asia, Africa, and Australia. Most of the species are perennial lianas.[1] The name is derived from the Ancient Greek tylos/τυλος "knot", and phoros/φορος "bearing".[2] The genus was originally erected by Robert Brown for four species he described in Australia. It was placed originally in the former plant family Asclepiadaceae,[3] which has now been demoted to subfamily status within the dogbane family Apocynaceae.[4]

Species[5]
  1. Tylophora anomala
  2. Tylophora anthopotamica
  3. Tylophora apiculata
  4. Tylophora arachnoidea
  5. Tylophora arenicola
  6. Tylophora astephanoides
  7. Tylophora asthmatica[6][7]
  8. Tylophora augustiniana
  9. Tylophora auriculata
  10. Tylophora badia
  11. Tylophora brevipes
  12. Tylophora brownii
  13. Tylophora cameroonica
  14. Tylophora chingtungensis
  15. Tylophora cinerascens
  16. Tylophora coddii
  17. Tylophora congoensis
  18. Tylophora congolana
  19. Tylophora conspicua
  20. Tylophora cordata
  21. Tylophora costantiniana
  22. Tylophora cycleoides
  23. Tylophora dahomensis
  24. Tylophora dickinsii
  25. Tylophora erubescens
  26. Tylophora flanaganii
  27. Tylophora fleckii
  28. Tylophora flexuosa
  29. Tylophora floribunda
  30. Tylophora forrestii
  31. Tylophora gilletii
  32. Tylophora glabra
  33. Tylophora glabriflora
  34. Tylophora glauca
  35. Tylophora govanii
  36. Tylophora gracilenta
  37. Tylophora gracilis
  38. Tylophora gracillima
  39. Tylophora henryi
  40. Tylophora heterophylla
  41. Tylophora hirsuta
  42. Tylophora hui
  43. Tylophora indica
  44. Tylophora inhambanensis
  45. Tylophora insulana
  46. Tylophora iringensis
  47. Tylophora javanica
  48. Tylophora kerrii
  49. Tylophora koi
  50. Tylophora leptantha
  51. Tylophora linearis
  52. Tylophora longifolia
  53. Tylophora longipedunculata
  54. Tylophora lugardae
  55. Tylophora lycioides
  56. Tylophora membranacea
  57. Tylophora merrillii
  58. Tylophora multiflora
  59. Tylophora nana
  60. Tylophora nikoensis
  61. Tylophora oblonga
  62. Tylophora obtusula
  63. Tylophora oculata
  64. Tylophora oligophylla
  65. Tylophora oshimae
  66. Tylophora ovata
  67. Tylophora parvifolia
  68. Tylophora picta
  69. Tylophora plagiopetala
  70. Tylophora rockii
  71. Tylophora rotundifolia
  72. Tylophora rupicola
  73. Tylophora secamonoides
  74. Tylophora silvestrii
  75. Tylophora silvestris
  76. Tylophora simiana
  77. Tylophora stenoloba
  78. Tylophora subnuda
  79. Tylophora sylvatica
  80. Tylophora tenerrima
  81. Tylophora tengii
  82. Tylophora tenuipedunculata
  83. Tylophora tsiangii
  84. Tylophora tuberculata
  85. Tylophora umbellata
  86. Tylophora uncinata
  87. Tylophora urceolata
  88. Tylophora velutina
  89. Tylophora yunnanensis
  90. Tylophora zenkeri
formerly included[5]

moved to other genera (Belostemma, Cynanchum, Dregea, Gongronema, Heterostemma, Hybanthera, Lygisma, Pergularia, Sarcolobus, Sphaerocodon, Streptocaulon, Vincetoxicum)

  1. T. albiflora, syn of Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum f. albiflorum
  2. T. aristolochioides, syn of Vincetoxicum aristolochioides
  3. T. barbata, syn of Vincetoxicum barbatum
  4. T. belostemma, syn of Belostemma hirsutum
  5. T. caffra, syn of Sphaerocodon caffrum
  6. T. calcarata, syn of Heterostemma acuminatum
  7. T. capparidifolia, syn of Vincetoxicum capparidifolium
  8. T. crassifolia, syn of Vincetoxicum crassifolium
  9. T. cuspidata, syn of Vincetoxicum cuspidatum
  10. T. exilis, syn of Pergularia exilis
  11. T. grandiflora, syn of Vincetoxicum grandiflorum
  12. T. hainanensis, syn of Lygisma inflexum
  13. T. japonica, syn of Cynanchum sieboldii
  14. T. japonica var. albiflora, syn of Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum f. albiflorum
  15. T. juventas, syn of Streptocaulon juventas
  16. T. liebiana, syn of Vincetoxicum liebianum
  17. T. lutescens, syn of Vincetoxicum lutescens
  18. T. macrantha, syn of Dregea volubilis
  19. T. minutiflora, syn of Secamone elliptica subsp. minutiflora
  20. T. paniculata, syn of Vincetoxicum paniculatum
  21. T. samoensis, syn of Heterostemma samoense
  22. T. sublanceolata, syn of Cynanchum sublanceolatum
  23. T. sulphurea, syn of Sarcolobus sulphureus
  24. T. tanakae, syn of Vincetoxicum tanakae
  25. T. villosa, syn of Hybanthera villosa
  26. T. wallichii, syn of Gongronema wallichii
  27. Tylophora woollsii, syn of Vincetoxicum woollsii

References

  1. ^ 39. 娃儿藤属 wa er teng shu Tylophora R. Brown, Flora of China
  2. ^ Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (2010). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Volume 9 – Sp-Z. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-7344-0974-4.
  3. ^ Forster, Paul I (1992). "A taxonomic revision of Tylophora R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae: Marsdenieae) in Australia". Australian Systematic Botany. 5 (1): 29–51. doi:10.1071/SB9920029.
  4. ^ Endress and Bruyns; Bruyns, Peter V. (2000). "A revised classification of the Apocynaceae" (PDF). Botanical Review. 66: 1–56. doi:10.1007/BF02857781. S2CID 31739212.
  5. ^ a b The Plant List
  6. ^ Ethnobotanical Leaflets 2010
  7. ^ Ethnobotanical Leaflets 2003
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