Tazoudasaurus

Tazoudasaurus; Temporal range: Early Toarcian, 181 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	Representative vertebrae of Tazoudasaurus naimi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	†Sauropodomorpha
Clade:	†Sauropoda
Clade:	†Gravisauria
Family:	†Vulcanodontidae
Genus:	†Tazoudasaurus
Species:	†T. naimi
Binomial name
	†Tazoudasaurus naimi; Allain et al., 2004

Tazoudasaurus is a genus of vulcanodontid sauropod dinosaurs hailing from the Early Jurassic, located in the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco in North Africa. Along with Ohmdenosaurus is one of the two formally described sauropods from the Toarcian of the Northern Hemisphere.

Discovery

The remains, consisting of the holotype, a partial adult skeleton (specimen To 2000–1) and associated partial juvenile skeleton (specimen To 2000-2) found in continental detrital sediments of the Toarcian aged Azilal Formation, were discovered in the early 2000s and were described by Ronan Allain et al. in early 2004. The generic name derives from one of the localities, Tazouda, while the specific descriptor is a latinization of the Berber term for "slender" due to the animal's small size for a sauropod.^[1] Its fossil was found alongside that of Berberosaurus and an indeterminate large theropod.^[2]

Description

Scaled type specimen

Tazoudasaurus, a small sauropod at 11 meters (36 feet) long, is characterized by rather primitive features such as the prosauropod-like mandible with spatulate and denticle-bearing teeth, lack of a U-shaped mandibular symphysis as other more derived sauropods. Teeth wear in V-shaped marks indicates tooth occlusion, suggesting that vulcanodontids processed food orally when feeding. The frontal and the parietal are incomplete, the former being broken anteriorly and the latter posteriorly. The neck is flexible with elongate vertebrae that lack true pleurocoels while dorsal and caudal vertebrae series tend to be more rigid. T. naimi bears the most complete fossil skeleton for Early Jurassic sauropod remains found to date due to the scarcity of exposed strata of that age.^[3]

Classification

This sauropod is most closely related to Vulcanodon, differing only in caudal vertebrae features while it also possesses characters that place it outside Eusauropoda.^[4]

A cladogram after Pol and colleagues, 2021:^[5]

Sauropodiformes

Aardonyx

	Leonerasaurus

	Mussaurus

Yizhousaurus

NMQR1551

NMQR3314

	Antetonitrus

	Ingentia

Meroktenos

	Kholumolumo

	Ledumahadi

	Tazoudasaurus

	Vulcanodon

Eusauropoda

(sensu Salgado et al. (1997))

(sensu Yates (2007))

References

^ ^a ^b Allain, Ronan; Najat Aquesbi; Jean Dejax; Christian Meyer; Michel Monbaron; Christian Montenat; Philippe Richir; Mohammed Rochdy; Dale Russell; Philippe Taquet (2004). "A basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Palevol. 3 (3): 199–208. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2004.03.001. ISSN 1631-0683.
^ Allain, R., Tykoski, R., Aquesbi, N., Jalil, N. E., Monbaron, M., Russell, D., & Taquet, P. (2007). An abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of the High Atlas Mountains, Morocco, and the radiation of ceratosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 27(3), 610-624.
^ Peyer, K., & Allain, R. (2010). A reconstruction of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco. Historical Biology, 22(1-3), 134-141.
^ Allain, Ronan; Aquesbi, Najat (2008). "Anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Geodiversitas. 30 (2): 345–424.
^ Pol, D.; Otero, A.; Apaldetti, C.; Martínez, R. N. (2021). "Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaurs from South America: The origin and diversification of dinosaur dominated herbivorous faunas". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 107: 103145. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103145.

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[allain04-1] Allain, Ronan; Najat Aquesbi; Jean Dejax; Christian Meyer; Michel Monbaron; Christian Montenat; Philippe Richir; Mohammed Rochdy; Dale Russell; Philippe Taquet (2004). "A basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Palevol. 3 (3): 199–208. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2004.03.001. ISSN 1631-0683.

[2] Allain, R., Tykoski, R., Aquesbi, N., Jalil, N. E., Monbaron, M., Russell, D., & Taquet, P. (2007). An abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of the High Atlas Mountains, Morocco, and the radiation of ceratosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 27(3), 610-624.

[3] Peyer, K., & Allain, R. (2010). A reconstruction of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco. Historical Biology, 22(1-3), 134-141.

[4] Allain, Ronan; Aquesbi, Najat (2008). "Anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Geodiversitas. 30 (2): 345–424.

[Pol2021-5] Pol, D.; Otero, A.; Apaldetti, C.; Martínez, R. N. (2021). "Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaurs from South America: The origin and diversification of dinosaur dominated herbivorous faunas". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 107: 103145. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103145.

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Tazoudasaurus

Contents

Discovery

Description

Classification

See also

References

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