Taal Basilica

Taal Basilica
Minor Basilica of Saint Martin of Tours Basilika ng Taal Basílica Menor de San Martín de Tours
Taal Basilica Façade
13°52′51″N 120°55′29″E
Location	Calle San Martin, Poblacion, Taal, Batangas
Country	Philippines
Denomination	Roman Catholic
History
Status	Minor Basilica
Founded	1572
Founder(s)	Augustinians
Dedication	Saint Martin of Tours
Consecrated	1865
Architecture
Functional status	Active
Heritage designation	National Historical Landmark
Architect(s)	Luciano Oliver
Architectural type	Church building
Style	Neo-classic
Groundbreaking	1856
Completed	1878
Specifications
Length	88.6 m (291 ft)
Width	48 m (157 ft)
Administration
Archdiocese	Lipa
Clergy
Archbishop	Most Rev. Gilbert Garcera, D.D.
Priest in charge	Rev. Fr. Conrado G. Castillo

The Taal Basilica, canonically known as the Minor Basilica of Saint Martin of Tours (Filipino: Basilika ni San Martin ng Tours; Spanish: Basílica Menor de San Martín de Tours), is a minor basilica in the town of Taal, Batangas, in the Philippines, within the Archdiocese of Lipa. It is considered to be the largest church in the Philippines and in Asia, standing 88.6 meters (291 ft) long and 48 meters (157 ft) wide. Martin of Tours is the patron saint of Taal, whose fiesta is celebrated every November 11.

History

Earlier churches

Ruins of the old church in San Nicolas

In 1575, three years after the founding of Taal town in its old site near the shores of Taal Lake, work began on the construction of its first church by Father Diego Espinar, O.S.A. with Martin of Tours as patron saint. The church was rebuilt in 1642 using stronger materials, but it was destroyed in 1754 along with the town of Taal in the largest recorded eruption of the Taal Volcano. This event led to transfer of the town and the church farther away from the volcano to its present site atop an elevated hill facing Balayan Bay. The ruins of the previous church can still be seen in the present-day town of San Nicolas.

Father Martín Aguirre donated the land and began the construction of the new church in 1755. It was continued by Father Gabriel Rodriguez in 1777 and by Father Jose Victoria in 1782. Father Ramon del Marco decorated the church, built the convent, and paved the "processional" road with bricks around the atrium of the parochial building. This church was damaged by a strong earthquake on September 16, 1852, centered near the Taal Volcano, though no volcanic eruption was recorded.

Present church

Aerial view of the church, 1939

Construction of the present church began in 1856 by Father Marcos Antón with Spanish architect Luciano Oliver, commissioned to design and manage the construction of the new church. Although it was unfinished, it was inaugurated in 1865. The huge church was completed by Father Agapito Aparicio in 1878, adding the main altar of Doric style measuring 24 meters (79 ft) high and 10 meters (33 ft) wide. He was also responsible for the baptistery made with tiles imported from Europe. The stone church had three naves with a grand transept and an elegant façade with Ionic and Doric orders. A small tower on the left side of the façade contained the large church bell, which in 1942 was destroyed by an earthquake.

Minor Basilica and further renovations

Nave of Taal Basilica prior to its renovation by Msgr. Alfredo Madlangbayan

The church was then restored in 1953 in preparation for the Canonical Coronation of the Our Lady of Caysasay. The following year on December 8, 1954, the church was declared as a minor basilica, the third in the country to be given such honor. The church was again restored in 1972 by the Taal Quadricentennial Council for the 400th anniversary of the town's establishment. By Presidential Decree No. 375 on January 16, 1974, the church was declared a national shrine.

The old belfry was later rebuilt in 1990 under the supervision of the National Historical Institute. In 2011, upon the assignment of Monsignor Alfredo Madlangbayan, the basilica underwent another renovation as sections the church interior were repainted to match its original trompe l'oeil ceilings. The tower was also modified to imitate the old tower destroyed by the earthquake of 1942, and a new set of carillon bells was later installed. The renovations was completed in November that same year.

On April 4, 2017, the basilica was damaged by a magnitude-5.5 earthquake that struck Tingloy. The basilica was significantly damaged further by twin earthquakes (magnitudes 5.6 and 6.0) that struck the neighboring towns of Mabini and Taysan that occurred four days later on April 8. The National Historical Commission of the Philippines is undertaking some precautionary measures in order to preserve the basilica.

Gallery

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  Church façade

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  Front of the church, 2012

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  The nave viewed from the main sanctuary

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  Another view of the nave

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  façade

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  Church façade and Taal Park in the foreground

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  Renovated high altar

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  Ceiling mural

References

• Coseteng, Alicia M. L. (1972). Spanish Churches in the Philippines.
• Layug, Benjamin L (2007). A Tourist Guide to Notable Philippine Churches. Quezon City: New Day Publishers.
• Saderra Masó, Miguel (1904). Volcanoes and Seismic Centers of the Philippine Archipelago. Washington: Dept. of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of the Census.

External links

• Taal Basilica Info Web Page
• St. Martin of Tours Brochure. Diocese of Lipa.