Polypropylene polybenzyl isocyanate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Polypropylene polybenzyl isocyanate (PPI), is a polyurea-based polymer derived from isocyanate monomers that is used in some glues, aerosol foams, plastics, paint and household products.[1]
PPI is listed as a "hazardous agent" by the National Institutes of Health because it irritates skin and breathing passages at high concentrations. Some painters exposed to PPI and related isocyanate chemicals have developed occupational asthma. In chronic toxicity tests, mice exposed to low levels of PPI developed no side effects.[2] Only those mice exposed to the two highest concentrations developed any lung symptoms. The two highest doses used in this study were 1.0 and 6.0 mg per cubic meter for 6 hours each day, 5 days each week for 2 years. The duration-adjusted exposure levels for these two high concentrations are equivalent to 11 ppb and 70 ppb, 24 hours/day for two years.[3][4][5]
References
- ^ Kim, In Su; Kim, Sin Jung; Lee, Jae Koo; Li, Qing Ri; Jung, Young Hoon (2007-08-13). "Synthesis of (2R,5S)-dihydroxymethyl-(3R,4R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DGDP) via stereoselective amination using chlorosulfonyl isocyanate". Carbohydrate Research. 342 (11): 1502–1509. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2007.04.021. ISSN 0008-6215. PMID 17509544. Archived from the original on 2022-08-08. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
- ^ "NIOSH List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings" (PDF). List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1 (1): 42. September 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-08-06. Retrieved 2022-08-08 – via National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
- ^ Larsen, Søren Thor; Hansen, Jitka Stilund; Hansen, Erik Wind; Clausen, Per Axel; Nielsen, Gunnar Damgård (2007-06-03). "Airway inflammation and adjuvant effect after repeated airborne exposures to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and ovalbumin in BALB/c mice". Toxicology. 235 (1–2): 119–129. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.03.010. ISSN 0300-483X. PMID 17462807. Archived from the original on 2022-08-08. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
- ^ Aiso, Shigetoshi; Takeuchi, Tetsuya; Arito, Heihachiro; Nagano, Kasuke; Yamamoto, Seigo; Matsushima, Taijiro (2005-10-29). "Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity in mice and rats exposed by inhalation to para-dichlorobenzene for two years". The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 67 (10): 1019–1029. doi:10.1292/jvms.67.1019. ISSN 0916-7250. PMID 16276058. Archived from the original on 2022-08-08. Retrieved 2022-08-08 – via NIH.
- ^ Levels, National Research Council (US) Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline (2008). Ammonia Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (1st ed.). National Academies Press (US). p. 10. NBK207883. Archived from the original on 2022-08-08.
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