Phoenicopteriformes

Phoenicopteriformes Temporal range: Eocene to recent
James's flamingos (Phoenicopterus jamesi)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Clade:	Mirandornithes
Order:	Phoenicopteriformes Fürbringer, 1888
Subclades
†Agnopterus? †Juncitarsus? †Kashinia? †Scaniornis? †Palaelodidae Phoenicopteridae

Phoenicopteriformes /fiːnɪˈkɒptərɪfɔːrmiːz/ is a group of water birds which comprises flamingos and their extinct relatives. Flamingos (Phoenicopteriformes) and the closely related grebes (Podicipedidae) are contained in the parent clade Mirandornithes.

Neognathe	Mirandornithes     Phoenicopteriformes     modern flamigos     Podicipedidae     grebes         ... other modern birds ...

Fossil record

Flamingos and their relatives are well attested in the fossil record, with the first unequivocal member of the Phoenicopteridae, Elornis known from the late Eocene epoch.

Relation to extinct palaelodids

The Palaelodidae – an extinct family of peculiar "swimming flamingos" – are believed to be the closest relatives of the modern flamingos, with the extinct genus Juncitarsus slightly more primitive than the clade which contains flamingos and grebes (Mirandornithes).

The foot and wing anatomy of fossil palaelodids suggests that they were surface-swimming birds, rather than grebe-like divers as was proposed in the past. Whether swimmers or divers, that both primitive phoenicopteriforms and their closest relatives, the grebes, were highly aquatic, indicates that the entire clade Mirandornithes evolved from aquatic, probably swimming ancestors.