Machaeroidinae
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| Machaeroidinae Temporal range: early to late Eocene
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| skull of Machaeroides eothen | |
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| lower jaw of Apataelurus kayi | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Clade: | Pan-Carnivora |
| Order: | †Oxyaenodonta |
| Family: | †Oxyaenidae |
| Subfamily: | †Machaeroidinae Matthew, 1909[1] |
| Type genus | |
| †Machaeroides Matthew, 1909
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| Genera | |
| Synonyms | |
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list of synonyms:
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Machaeroidinae ("dagger-like") is a subfamily of extinct carnivorous sabre-toothed placental mammals from Asia and North America.[3] Traditionally classified as hyaenodonts, this group is now classified as a member of the family Oxyaenidae.[4][5][6]
Classification and phylogeny
Taxonomy
- Subfamily: †Machaeroidinae (Matthew, 1909)
- Genus: †Apataelurus (Scott, 1937)
- †Apataelurus kayi (Scott, 1937)
- †Apataelurus pishigouensis (Tong & Lei, 1986)
- Genus: †Diegoaelurus (Zack, Poust & Wagner, 2022)[7]
- Diegoaelurus vanvalkenburghae (Zack, Poust & Wagner, 2022)
- Genus: †Isphanatherium (Lavrov & Averianov, 1998)
- Isphanatherium ferganensis (Lavrov & Averianov, 1998)
- Genus: †Machaeroides (Matthew, 1909)
- †Machaeroides eothen (Matthew, 1909)
- †Machaeroides simpsoni (Dawson, 1986)
- Incertae sedis:
- †Machaeroidinae sp. (CM 2386) (Zack, 2019)
- †Machaeroidinae sp. (FMNH PM 1506) (Tomiya, 2021)
- †Machaeroidinae sp. (USNM 173514) (Zack, 2019)
- Genus: †Apataelurus (Scott, 1937)
Phylogeny
The phylogenetic relationships of the subfamily Machaeroidinae are shown in the following cladogram:[8][9][10][5]
| Pan-Carnivora |
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References
- ^ W. D. Matthew (1909.) "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene." Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567
- ^ L. Van Valen (1967.) "New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135(5):217-284
- ^ Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level in Columbia University Press, New York (1997), 631 Seiten. Machaeroidinae
- ^ Zack, S. (2014). "Saber-tooth origins: a new skeletal association and the affinities of Machaeroidinae (Mammalia, Creodonta)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Program and Abstracts: 259–260.
- ^ a b Shawn P. Zack (2019). "A skeleton of a Uintan machaeroidine 'creodont' and the phylogeny of carnivorous eutherian mammals". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 17 (8): 653–689. doi:10.1080/14772019.2018.1466374. S2CID 89934728.
- ^ Shawn P. Zack (2019). "The first North American Propterodon (Hyaenodonta: Hyaenodontidae), a new species from the late Uintan of Utah". PeerJ. 7: e8136. doi:10.7717/peerj.8136. PMC 6876642. PMID 31772846.
- ^ Zack, Shawn P.; Poust, Ashley W.; Wagner, Hugh (2022-03-15). "Diegoaelurus, a new machaeroidine (Oxyaenidae) from the Santiago Formation (late Uintan) of southern California and the relationships of Machaeroidinae, the oldest group of sabertooth mammals". PeerJ. 10: e13032. doi:10.7717/peerj.13032. ISSN 2167-8359. PMID 35310159.
- ^ Gunnel, Gregg F.; Gingerich, Philip D. (1991). "Systematics and evolution of late Paleocene and early Eocene Oxyaenidae (Mammalia, Creodonta) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming" (PDF). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology. The University of Michigan. 28 (7): 141–180.
- ^ Solé, F. & Ladevèze, S. (2017.) "Evolution of the hypercarnivorous dentition in mammals (Metatheria, Eutheria) and its bearing on the development of tribosphenic molars." Evolution & Development, 19(2), 56–68.
- ^ Prevosti, F. J. & Forasiepi, A. M. (2018.) "Introduction. Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies"
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| Family: †Oxyaenidae |
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