List of stars with resolved images

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The following is a list of stars with resolved images, that is, stars whose images have been resolved beyond a point source.[clarification needed] Aside from the Sun, observed from Earth, stars are exceedingly small in apparent size, requiring the use of special high-resolution equipment and techniques to image. For example, Betelgeuse, the first star other than the Sun to be directly imaged, has an angular diameter of only 50 milliarcseconds (mas).[1]

List

List of stars with resolved images
Star Image Diameter Distance
(ly) 		Imager Notes
Angular (mas) Geometric (Sun = 1)
Sun Sun white.jpg 2×106 1 0.0000158 Various
Altair Altair PR image6 (white).jpg 3.2 1.66±0.01 (polar)
2.02±0.01 (equator) 		16.77±0.08 CHARA array - MIRC[2]
Rasalhague (Alpha Ophiuchi A) 1.62±0.03 2.39±0.01 (polar)
2.87±0.02 (equator) 		48.6±0.8 CHARA array - MIRC[3]
Alderamin (Alpha Cephei) 1.35±0.02 (polar)
1.75±0.03 (equator) 		2.20±0.04 (polar)
2.74±0.04 (equator) 		48.8±0.36 CHARA array - MIRC[3]
Caph (Beta Cassiopeiae) 1.70±0.04 3.1±0.1 (polar)
3.8±0.1 (equator) 		54.7±0.3 CHARA array - MIRC[4]
Regulus (Alpha Leonis A) 1.24±0.02 3.2±0.1 (polar)
4.2±0.1 (equator) 		79.3±0.7 CHARA array - MIRC[4]
Algol Aa1 (Beta Persei Aa1)
(stationary object) 		Algol AB movie imaged with the CHARA interferometer - labeled.gif
Algol triple star system imaged with the CHARA interferometer.jpg 		0.88±0.05 4.13 93±2 CHARA array - MIRC[5]
Algol Aa2 (Beta Persei Aa2)
(orbiting object) 		1.12±0.07 3
Algol Ab (Beta Persei Ab) 0.56±0.10 0.9 Observed radius of Algol Ab is an instrumental artifact,
caused by bandwidth smearing. Actual radius is 1.73 ± 0.33 R☉.
Zeta Andromedae Aa 2.502±0.008 15.0±0.8 (polar) 189±3 CHARA array - MIRC[6][7] First direct imaging of starspots on a star outside the Solar System.
R Doradus R Doradus ESO.jpg 57±5 370±50 204±9 New Technology Telescope[8] 2nd largest known star by apparent diameter in Earth's sky, after the Sun.
Mira (Omicron Ceti) Mira 1997.jpg 50 up to 700 420 Hubble - FOC[9]
T Leporis T Leporis.jpg 5.8
15 for molecular layer 		100 500 Very Large Telescope - VLTI[10]/AMBER[11]
Pi1 Gruis The surface of the red giant star π1 Gruis from PIONIER on the VLT.jpg 18.37[citation needed] 694 530 Very Large Telescope - VLTI/PIONIER[12] First directly observed granulation patterns on a star's surface
outside the Solar System.
Antares VLTI reconstructed view of the surface of Antares.jpg 41.3±0.1 700 620 Very Large Telescope - VLTI/AMBER[13]
Betelgeuse Betelgeuse captured by ALMA.jpg 50 630 643±146
Sheliak A (Beta Lyrae A) 0.46 6 960±50 CHARA array - MIRC[17]
Theta1 Orionis C Theta1-Orionis-C.png 0.2 10.6±1.5 1400 Very Large Telescope - AMBER[18],
GRAVITY[19]
Almaaz A (Epsilon Aurigae A) 2.27 3.7±0.7 ca. 2000 CHARA array - MIRC[20] Supergiant with an eclipsing companion surrounded by a massive, opaque debris disk
HR 5171 HR 5171 A potw1740a.png 4.1±0.8 1575±400 11740±1630 Very Large Telescope - VLTI/PIONIER[21] Eclipsing and potential contact binary yellow hypergiant
β Tau (Beta Tauri) 1.09±0.076 4.82±0.34 134±2 CHARA array [22]
η UMa (Eta Ursae Majoris) 0.834±0.060 2.86±0.21 103.9±0.8 CHARA array [22]
α Peg (Alpha Pegasi) 1.052±0.066 4.62±0.29 133±1 CHARA array [22]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b H.Uitenbroek; Dupree, A. K.; Gilliland, R. L. (1998). "Spatially Resolved Hubble Space Telescope Spectra of the Chromosphere of alpha Orionis". Astronomical Journal. 116 (5): 2501. Bibcode:1998AJ....116.2501U. doi:10.1086/300596.
  2. ^ J.D. Monnier; et al. (2007). "Imaging the Surface of Altair". Science. 317 (5836): 342–5. arXiv:0706.0867. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..342M. doi:10.1126/science.1143205. PMID 17540860.
  3. ^ a b M. Zhao; et al. (2009). "Imaging And Modeling Rapidly Rotating Stars: Alpha Cephei And Alpha Ophiuchi". The Astrophysical Journal. 701 (1): 209–224. arXiv:0906.2241. Bibcode:2009ApJ...701..209Z. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/209.
  4. ^ a b X. Che; et al. (2011). "Colder And Hotter: Interferometric Imaging Of Beta Cassiopeiae And ?lpha Leonis". The Astrophysical Journal. 732 (2): 68. arXiv:1105.0740. Bibcode:2011ApJ...732...68C. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/2/68.
  5. ^ Baron, F.; Monnier, J.; Pedretti, E.; Zhao, M.; Schaefer, G.; Parks, R.; Che, X.; Thureau, N.; ten Brummelaar, T. A.; McAlister, H. A.; Ridgway, S. T.; Farrington, C.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L.; Turner, N. (2012). "Imaging the Algol Triple System in the H Band with the CHARA Interferometer". The Astrophysical Journal. 752 (1): 20. arXiv:1205.0754. Bibcode:2012ApJ...752...20B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/20.
  6. ^ Kővári, Zs.; Bartus, J.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Oláh, K.; Weber, M.; Rice, J. B.; Washuettl, A. (2007). "Doppler imaging of stellar surface structure. XXIII. The ellipsoidal K giant binary ζ Andromedae". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 463 (3): 1071. arXiv:1301.0445. Bibcode:2007A&A...463.1071K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065982.
  7. ^ Roettenbacher, R.M.; Monnier, J.D.; Korhonen, H.; Aarnio, A.N.; Baron, F.; Che, X.; Harmon, R.O.; Kővári, Zs.; Kraus, S.; Schaefer, G.H.; Torres, G.; Zhao, M.; Ten Brummelaar, T.A.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L. (2016). "No Sun-like dynamo on the active star ζ Andromedae from starspot asymmetry". Nature. 533 (7602): 217–220. arXiv:1709.10107. Bibcode:2016Natur.533..217R. doi:10.1038/nature17444. PMID 27144357.
  8. ^ "The Biggest Star in the Sky". ESO. March 11, 1997. Retrieved 2010-06-26.
  9. ^ "Hubble Separates Stars in the Mira Binary System". HubbleSite. 6 August 1997. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  10. ^ "Hundred metre virtual telescope captures unique detailed colour image". European Southern Observatory. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  11. ^ J.-B. Le Bouquin, S. Lacour, S. Renard, E. Thiébaut, A. Merand, T. Verhoelst, Pre-maximum spectro-imaging of the Mira star T Leporis with AMBER/VLTI, Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume 496, Number 1, March II 2009, L1-L4.
  12. ^ "Giant Bubbles on Red Giant Star's Surface". www.eso.org. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  13. ^ "Astronomers Capture Best-Ever Image of Alien Star". Scientific American. 24 August 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  14. ^ "Betelgeuse captured by ALMA". European Southern Observatory. 26 June 2017. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  15. ^ "Sharpest views of Betelgeuse reveal how supergiant stars lose mass". European Southern Observatory. 29 July 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  16. ^ "The Flames of Betelgeuse". European Southern Observatory. 23 June 2011. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  17. ^ M. Zhao; et al. (2008). "First Resolved Images Of The Eclipsing And Interacting Binary Beta Lyrae". The Astrophysical Journal. 684 (2): L95–L98. arXiv:0808.0932. Bibcode:2008ApJ...684L..95Z. doi:10.1086/592146.
  18. ^ "The orbit of Theta1 Orionis C". European Southern Observatory. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  19. ^ "GRAVITY discovers new double star in Orion Trapezium cluster". European Southern Observatory. 13 January 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  20. ^ B. Kloppenborg; et al. (2010). "Infrared images of the transiting disk in the Epsilon Aurigae system". Nature. 464 (7290): 370–2. arXiv:1004.2464. Bibcode:2010Natur.464..870K. doi:10.1038/nature08968. PMID 20376144.
  21. ^ Wittkowski, M; Abellan, F. J; Arroyo-Torres, B; Chiavassa, A; Guirado, J. C; Marcaide, J. M; Alberdi, A; De Wit, W. J; Hofmann, K.-H; Meilland, A; Millour, F; Mohamed, S; Sanchez-Bermudez, J (28 September 2017). "Multi-epoch VLTI-PIONIER imaging of the supergiant V766 Cen: Image of the close companion in front of the primary". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 1709: L1. arXiv:1709.09430. Bibcode:2017A&A...606L...1W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731569. S2CID 54740936.
  22. ^ a b c Gordon, Kathryn D.; Gies, Douglas R.; Schaefer, Gail H.; Huber, Daniel; Ireland, Michael (7 March 2019). "Angular Sizes, Radii, and Effective Temperatures of B-type Stars from Optical Interferometry with the CHARA Array". The Astrophysical Journal. 873 (1): 91. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab04b2. eISSN 1538-4357.
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