List of kings of Macedonia

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Alexander the Great (r. 336–323 BC), the most famous Macedonian king

Macedonia (also known as Macedon) was an ancient kingdom centered on the present-day region of Macedonia and in northern Greece, inhabited by the Ancient Macedonians. At various points in its history the kingdom proper encompassed parts of the present-day Republic of North Macedonia, Albania, Bulgaria and Turkish Thrace. It emerged as the dominant power in Greece during the 4th century BC, when King Philip II successfully united the Greek city-states, such as Athens and Thebes, into the Corinthian League. Philip's son, Alexander the Great, would go on to conquer the Persian Empire a few years later. The Kingdom of Macedonia itself soon lost direct control of Alexander's vast Asian territories during the Wars of the Diadochi, but it broadly retained its rule over Greece itself until defeated by the Roman Republic in the Macedonian Wars (215–148 BC)

Argead dynasty (9th century BC?–310 BC)

Main article: Argead dynasty

The Argead dynasty is traditionally held to have been founded in the late ninth century BC[1][2] but estimates vary, some placing foundation as late as the mid-7th century BC.[3] Rival ancient traditions give different lineages for the kings preceding the earliest historically verified ruler (Amyntas I).[4]

Antipatrid dynasty (305–294 BC)

Main article: Antipatrid dynasty

Dynastic conflicts (294–272 BC)

Antigonid dynasty (272–168 BC)

Main article: Antigonid dynasty

Non-dynastic rebel kings

  • Philip VI Andriscus[12] (Andriscus; Pseudo-Philip), 150–148 BC, claimed to be a son of Perseus[13]
  • Alexander VI[12] (Pseudo-Alexander), 148 BC, claimed to be a son of Perseus[14]
  • Philip VII / Perseus II (Pseudo-Philip[15] or Pseudo-Perseus),[16] 143/142 BC, claimed Antigonid heritage and supported by Thracian allies[15]
  • Euphantus, 93 BC, claimed Antigonid heritage;[15] apprehended before uprising began[17]

Family tree

Notes

  1. ^ Enumerated after Antigonus I Monophthalmus; should technically be Antigonus I since Monophthalmus never ruled Macedonia itself, but numbering him as Antigonus II is conventional.[9]

References

  1. ^ Anson, Edward M. (2013-04-11). Alexander the Great: Themes and Issues. A&C Black. p. 186. ISBN 978-0-8264-4521-6.
  2. ^ Dietze, Carola; Verhoeven, Claudia (2021). The Oxford Handbook of the History of Terrorism. Oxford University Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-19-985856-9.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Morby, John (2014). "Macedonia, Kingdom of". Dynasties of the World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-251848-4.
  4. ^ a b c Michael Gagarin (2009). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Oxford University Press. p. 229. ISBN 978-0-19-517072-6.
  5. ^ a b c Martēs, Nikolaos K. (1992). The Falsification of Macedonian History. Euroekdotiki. p. 23.
  6. ^ a b c Иљовски, Ристо (2003). Кој и кога владеел со Македонија (in Macedonian). Ina Komerc. pp. 31, 35. ISBN 978-9989-138-01-0.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Strootman, Strootman Rolf (2020). "The Hellenistic Dynasties". Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires: The Near East After the Achaemenids, c. 330 to 30 BCE. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-9128-9.
  8. ^ Stylianou, P. J.; Stylianou, Research Associate P. J.; Diodorus (Siculus.) (1998). A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus, Book 15. Clarendon Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-19-815239-2.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Shipley, Graham (2014). "Appendix I: Dynastic Chronologies". The Greek World After Alexander 323–30 BC. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-06538-7.
  10. ^ a b c d Waldherr, Kris (2008). Doomed Queens: Royal Women Who Met Bad Ends, From Cleopatra to Princess Di. Crown. pp. 30–31. ISBN 978-0-7679-3103-8.
  11. ^ a b Rawlinson, George (1869). A Manual of Ancient History from the Earliest Times to the Fall of the Western Empire, Comprising the History of Chaldea, Assyria, Media, Babylonia, Lydia, Phoenicia, Syria, Judea, Egypt, Carthage, Persia, Greece, Macedonia, Rome, and Parthia by George Rawlinson. Clarendon. p. 569.
  12. ^ a b Čausidis, Nikos (1995). Macedonia: Cultural Heritage. Misla. p. 58. ISBN 978-9989-39-021-0.
  13. ^ Palairet, Michael (2016). Macedonia: A Voyage through History (Vol. 1, From Ancient Times to the Ottoman Invasions). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 103–104. ISBN 978-1-4438-8843-1.
  14. ^ Paliouras, Athanasios D. (1998). Macedonia. Hellenic National Line. p. 67.
  15. ^ a b c Evangelidis, Vassilis (2022). The Archaeology of Roman Macedonia: Urban and Rural Environments. Oxbow Books. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-1-78925-803-5.
  16. ^ Hatzopoulos, Miltiades B. (2020). Ancient Macedonia. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 229. ISBN 978-3-11-071868-3.
  17. ^ Pandelis Nigdelis "Roman Macedonia (168 BC - AD 284)"

See also

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