Escuminac Formation
| Escuminac Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Devonian (Middle Frasnian) | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Miguasha Group[1] |
| Underlies | Bonaventure Formation[1] |
| Overlies | Fleurant Formation[1] |
| Location | |
| Region |  Quebec |
| Country |  Canada |
The Escuminac Formation is a geologic formation in Quebec. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
Description
Miguasha National Park is located within this formation along the estuary of the Restigouche River on the south coast of the Gaspé Peninsula. The fossil biota from the Park is thus referred to as the Miguasha biota.[1] The main Miguasha exposures were named the 'René Bureau Cliffs' after the geologist and paleontologist.[1]
The formation's depositional environment has been variously considered as lacustrine, estuarine, coastal marine or marine, though evidence from the fossil assemblage, stratigraphic and sedimentological setting, and geochemistry of the sedimentary rocks and bones suggests an estuarine interpretation is most fitting.[1]
Fossil content
Vertebrates
| Acanthodians | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Diplacanthus | D. ellsi | [1] | A diplacanthiform. | ||
| D. horridus | [1] | A diplacanthiform. | |||
| Homalacanthus | H. concinnus | [1] | |||
| Triazeugacanthus | T. affinis | Miguasha, Quebec.[1][2] | Thousands of specimens representing multiple ontogenetic stages.[2] | ||
| Actinopterygians | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Cheirolepis | C. canadensis | [1] |  | ||
| Jawless fish | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Endeiolepis | E. aneri | [1] | |||
| Escuminaspis | E. laticeps | [1] | |||
| Euphanerops | E. longaevus | [1] | A euphaneropid. | ||
| Levesquaspis | L. patteni | [1] | |||
| Placoderms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Bothriolepis | B. canadensis | [1] | An antiarch. |  | |
| Plourdosteus | P. canadensis | [1] | An arthrodire. |  | |
| Sarcopterygians | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Callistiopterus | C. clappi | [1] | |||
| Elpistostege | E. watsoni | [1] | A stegocephalian. |  | |
| Eusthenopteron | E. foordi | [1] | A tristichopterid. |  | |
| Fleurantia | F. denticulata | [1] | A lungfish. | ||
| Holoptychiidae | Holoptychiidae nov. sp. | [1] | A porolepiform. | ||
| Holoptychius | H. jarviki | [1] | A porolepiform. | ||
| Miguashaia | M. bureaui | Miguasha, Quebec.[1][3] | A coelacanth. |  | |
| Quebecius | Q. quebecensis | [1] | A porolepiform. | ||
| Scaumenacia | S. curta | [1] | A lungfish. |  | |
Invertebrates
| Arthropods | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Asmusia | A. membranacea | [1] | A clam shrimp. | ||
| Petaloscorpio | P. bureaui | [1] | A scorpion. | ||
| Zanclodesmus | Z. willetti | [1][4] | A millipede. | ||
| Ctenophores | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Daihuoides | D. jakobvintheri | Miguasha, Quebec.[5] | MHNM 24-01.[5] | ||
Plants
| Plants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Archaeopteris | A. halliana | [1] | |||
| Barynophyton | [1] | ||||
| Flabellofolium | [1] | ||||
| Protobarynophyton | [1] | ||||
| Spermasporites | [1] | ||||
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Cloutier, Richard (2013-08-24). "Great Canadian Lagerstätten 4. The Devonian Miguasha Biota (Québec): UNESCO World Heritage Site and a Time Capsule in the Early History of Vertebrates". Geoscience Canada. 40 (2): 149. doi:10.12789/geocanj.2013.40.008. ISSN 1911-4850.
- ^ a b Chevrinais, Marion; Cloutier, Richard; Sire, Jean-Yves (February 2015). "The revival of a so-called rotten fish: the ontogeny of the Devonian acanthodian Triazeugacanthus". Biology Letters. 11 (2): 20140950. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0950. ISSN 1744-9561.
- ^ Fernández, Jorge Mondéjar; Meunier, François J.; Cloutier, Richard; Clément, Gaël; Laurin, Michel (2022-04-06). "Life history and ossification patterns in Miguashaia bureaui reveal the early evolution of osteogenesis in coelacanths". PeerJ. 10: e13175. doi:10.7717/peerj.13175. ISSN 2167-8359.
- ^ Wilson, Heather M.; Daeschler, Edward B.; Desbiens, Sylvain (July 2005). "NEW FLAT-BACKED ARCHIPOLYPODAN MILLIPEDES FROM THE UPPER DEVONIAN OF NORTH AMERICA". Journal of Paleontology. 79 (4): 738–744. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079[0738:NFAMFT]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3360.
- ^ a b Klug, Christian; Kerr, Johanne; Lee, Michael S. Y.; Cloutier, Richard (2021-09-24). "A late-surviving stem-ctenophore from the Late Devonian of Miguasha (Canada)". Scientific Reports. 11: 19039. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98362-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8463547. PMID 34561497.
- Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.
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