Crimson-mantled woodpecker
| Crimson-mantled woodpecker | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Genus: | Colaptes |
| Species: | C. rivolii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Colaptes rivolii (Boissonneau, 1840)[1]
| |
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Piculus rivolii (Boissonneau, 1840) | |
The crimson-mantled woodpecker (Colaptes rivolii) is a bird species in the woodpecker family (Picidae). It was formerly placed in the genus Piculus but moved to the genus Colaptes after mitochondrial DNA sequencing.[2][3] Its scientific name, rivolii, honors French ornithologist François Victor Masséna, third Duke of Rivoli and third Prince of Essling.[4]
The sex of the species can be determined by the crown and malar. The males carry a dark red malar with a red crown, while the females have both a black malar and crown.[3] Breeding times are largely unknown, with different scientific reports spotting nests from January all the way to November. [3]
Its diet consists of arthropods such as ants, a spider, a millipede, and beetle larvae, along with fruits such as melastomes and rubiacs (going out of its way to avoid the invasive gorse).[5] Its foraging behavior is to search for prey along moss- and lichen-covered trees, leaf stems, rotting trunks, and on the ground in small clearings.[3]
Song
All subspecies, with the exception of atriceps, have a quiet rapid monotone kee'r'r-ker'r-ke'r'r" call, whereas atriceps has been described as more of a churr ... grr'r'r'r'l".[3]
Distribution
It is found in, and native to, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela.[3] Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It primarily stays within the elevation 1,800m-3,500m above sea level, but there have been sightings as far down as 700m.[3]
Subspecies
Five subspecies are recognized:
- C. r. quindiuna (Chapman 1923)
- C. r. rivolii (Boissonneau 1840)
- C. r. meridae (Chapman 1923)
- C. r. brevirostris (Taczanowski 1874)
- C. r. atriceps (Sclater and Salvin 1876)
References
- ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Colaptes rivolii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22726390A94920901. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22726390A94920901.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- ^ Benz, Brett W.; Robbins, Mark B.; Peterson, A. Townsend (2006). "Evolutionary history of woodpeckers and allies (Aves: Picidae): Placing key taxa on the phylogenetic tree". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 40 (2): 389–399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.021. PMID 16635580.
- ^ a b c d e f g Schulenberg, Thomas S. (2011-06-17). "Crimson-mantled Woodpecker (Colaptes rivolii)". Neotropical Birds. doi:10.2173/nb.crmwoo2.01.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London, UK: Christopher Helm. pp. 336–337. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Amaya-Villarreal, Ángela (November 2010). "Effects of Gorse (Ulex europaeus) on the birds of a high Andean forest edge". Ornitología Colombiana. No. 10: 11–25.
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