Chestnut-belted gnateater

Chestnut-belted gnateater
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Conopophagidae
Genus:	Conopophaga
Species:	C. aurita
Binomial name
	Conopophaga aurita; (Gmelin, 1789)
Subspecies
	See text

The chestnut-belted gnateater (Conopophaga aurita) is a species of bird in the family Conopophagidae, the gnateaters. It is found in the Amazon Basin of northern Brazil, southern Colombia and eastern Peru and Ecuador; also the Guianan countries of Guyana, Suriname and eastern French Guiana. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest.

Description

It is a small dark bird with a relatively stout bill, brown upperparts and crown (the latter often tinged rufous), a white supercilium, and pinkish-grey legs. The male has a black frontlet, face and throat, a rufous chest, and buff or white belly. The female has a rufous face, throat and chest, and a buff or white belly. Males of the subspecies snethlageae and pallida are distinctive, as the black of the face and throat extends well onto the central chest, with rufous of the underparts limitied to the edge of the black chest.

Subspecies

Six subspecies are recognized:

C. a. inexpectata Zimmer, JT, 1931 - Colombia and Brazil
C. a. aurita (Gmelin, 1789) - Colombia and Brazil
C. a. occidentalis (Chubb, 1918 - the Guianas and northeast Brazil
C. a. australis Todd, 1927 - eastern Peru and southwest Amazonian Brazil
C. a. snethlageae von Berlepsch, 1912 - central Brazil. Sometimes referred to as Snethlage's gnateater.
C. a. pallida Snethlage, E, 1914 - southeast Amazonian Brazil

According to the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS), "Conopophaga aurita almost certainly consists of more than one species".^[2]

Distribution

The range of the chestnut-belted gnateater is throughout the Amazon Basin, centered on the Amazon River. The following range limits are: it covers the entire downstream half of the regions in the south Basin and does not extend into Bolivia. The limits in the west are eastern and northeastern Peru with parts of northeast Ecuador and southern Colombia; the limit in this area in the west and northwest is the Rio Negro and the species is not found in the north central Amazon Basin of most of Brazil's Roraima state.

The range in the northeast Basin beyond the Amazon River outlet extends through Amapá state into the Guianas to the Atlantic coast, and the central and eastern Guiana Shield to include only eastern Guyana.

References

^ BirdLife International (2016). "Conopophaga aurita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103660322A93921159. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103660322A93921159.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 19, 2021

External links

Chestnut-belted gnateater photo gallery VIREO
Graphic-Medium Res & synopsis www.eln.gov.br–(Portuguese)
Photo-High Res; Article oiseauxError: "Q942420" is not a valid Wikidata entity ID.

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[iucn_status_12_November_2021-1] BirdLife International (2016). "Conopophaga aurita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103660322A93921159. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103660322A93921159.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[SACClist-2] Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 19, 2021

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