Cellular beam

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Cellular beam is a further development of the traditional castellated beam.[1] The advantage of the steel beam castellation process is that it increases strength without adding weight, making both versions an inexpensive solution to achieve maximum structural load capacity in building construction.[2]

The difference between cellular beam and castellated beam is the visual characteristic.[3] A cellular beam has round openings (circular pattern) while the castellated beam has hexagonal openings (hexagonal pattern), both of which are achieved by a cutting and welding process.[4] Cellular beams are usually made of structural steel, but can also be made of other materials.[5] The cellular beam is a structural element that mainly withstands structural load laterally applied to the axis of the beam, and influences the overall performance of steel framed buildings.[6] The type of deflection is mainly done by bending.

Introduction

In 1987, Westok Structural Services Ltd of Wakefield invented and patented the structural steel cellular beam.[7]

In 2009, the Steel Construction Institute developed software to assist engineers evaluating the dynamic behaviour of composite floors supported by cellular beams.[8]

Since 1940, civil engineers have endeavoured to find solutions to reduce the cost and weight of steel frame construction.[9] Due to the restrictions with regard to the maximum permissible deflections, the high-strength properties of structural steel cannot always be optimally used.[10] As a result, several new steel mixtures have been identified to increase the stiffness of steel components without significantly increasing the required steel weight.[11] The use of steel girders with web openings (SBWOs) for structures such as industrial buildings has proven to be extensive.[12] Civil engineers came up with a solution to use a composite design of ultra-flat floor joists together with concrete used on the Douala Grand Mall in Cameroon.[13] In the last few years, further investigations into steel construction and fire protection have been carried out,[14][15] which led to innovations in the field of passive fire protection that could save lives and assets.[16] In 2018, Kloeckner Metals UK, member of Klöckner & Co SE invested in dedicated equipment for precision cutting of cellular beams.[17]

See also

References

  1. ^ Buick Davison, Graham W. Owens (2020). Steel Designers' Manual: The Steel Construction Institute. ISBN 9781405148184. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  2. ^ Phattaraphong Ponsorn, Kitjapat Phuvoravan (21 April 2005). "Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction". 25 (3). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000497. S2CID 218968589. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ "Cellular beams". The free encyclopedia for UK steel construction information. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  4. ^ Mark Lawson, Peter Trebilcock (2004). Architectural Design in Steel. ISBN 9781135920241. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  5. ^ Luís Mesquita, João Gonçalves, Gustavo Gonçalves, Paulo Piloto (2015). "INTUMESCENT FIRE PROTECTION OF CELLULAR BEAMS". Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ d'Aniello, Mario; Landolfo, Raffaele; Piluso, Vincenzo; Rizzano, Gianvittorio (6 November 2012). "Ultimate behavior of steel beams under non-uniform bending". Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 78: 144–158. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.07.003. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  7. ^ P.K.K.LEE (1997). Structures in the New Millennium. ISBN 9789054108986. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  8. ^ "Design of Floors for Vibration: A New Approach" (PDF). The Steel Construction Institute (S.C.I). 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  9. ^ Adam Barone, Khadija Khartit (9 November 2020). "Value Engineering". Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  10. ^ Nicole Schillo, Markus Feldmann, Timo Björk, Simon Schaffrath (12 January 2016). "Rules on high strength steel (RUOSTE)". Retrieved 10 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ "First new British Steel product in Jingye Group era unveiled for high rise construction market". Business Live. 8 December 2020. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  12. ^ Morkhade, S.G., Gupta, L.M (2015). "An experimental and parametric study on steel beams with web openings". International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering. 7 (3): 249–260. Bibcode:2015IJASE...7..249M. doi:10.1007/s40091-015-0095-4. S2CID 108692833. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ "Innovation through composite construction". Engineering News. 16 November 2020. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Fire resistance of long span cellular beam made of rolled steel" (PDF). European Commission Directorate-General for Research and Innovation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  15. ^ "CPD 3 2018: Steel and fire protection". Building UK. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  16. ^ "Breakthrough solution in passive fire protection saving lives and assets". Architecture & Design. 28 September 2020. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  17. ^ "A new endeavour in beam processing". Production Engineering Solutions PES Media. 13 March 2018. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
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