Butane (data page)
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This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-butane.
Material Safety Data Sheet
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.
Structure and properties
Structure and properties | |
---|---|
Index of refraction, nD | 1.3326 at 20 °C[1] |
Dielectric constant, εr | 1.7697 ε0 at 23 °C[2] |
Symmetry group | C2h |
Magnetic susceptibility | ? |
Surface tension | 12.46 dyn/cm at 20 °C P ≈ 225 kPa |
Thermodynamic properties
Phase behavior | |
---|---|
Density (liquid) 0 °C | 600 kg/m³ |
Density (saturated vapor) 1 atm, -0.5 °C | 2.6 kg/m³ |
Triple point | 134.6 K (–138.5 °C), 0.7 Pa |
Critical point | 425.1 K (152.0 °C), 3796.0 kPa |
Std enthalpy change of fusion, ΔfusH |
4.66 kJ/mol |
Std entropy change of fusion, ΔfusS |
34.56 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, ΔvapH |
22.44 kJ/mol |
Std entropy change of vaporization, ΔvapS |
82.30 J/(mol·K) |
Solid properties | |
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH |
? kJ/mol |
Standard molar entropy, S |
? J/(mol K) |
Heat capacity, cp | ? J/(mol K) |
Liquid properties | |
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH |
-147.6 kJ/mol |
Standard molar entropy, S |
229.7 J/(mol K) |
Heat capacity, cp | 132.42 J/(mol K) –262 °C to –3 °C |
Gas properties | |
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH |
–124.7 kJ/mol |
Standard molar entropy, S |
310.23 J/(mol K) |
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcH |
–2877.5 kJ/mol |
Heat capacity, cp | 98.49 J/(mol K) at 25 °C |
n-butane van der Waals' constants[3] |
a = 1466.2 L2 kPa/mol2 b = 0.1226 liter per mole |
![Liquid and vapor Butane density](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Propane_butane_liquid_vapor_density_zivenko.png/400px-Propane_butane_liquid_vapor_density_zivenko.png)
The data about butane density over a range of temperature [−50; +50] °C[4]
Vapor pressure of liquid
P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 | 1520 | 3800 | 7600 | 15200 | 30400 | 45600 | |
T in °C | –101.5 | –77.8 | –59.1 | –44.2 | –16.3 | –0.5 | 18.8 | 50.0 | 79.5 | 116.0 | — | — |
n-Butane: Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.
Spectral data
UV-Vis | |
---|---|
λmax | ? nm |
Extinction coefficient, ε | ? |
IR | |
Major absorption bands | ? cm−1 |
NMR | |
Proton NMR | |
Carbon-13 NMR | |
Other NMR data | |
MS | |
Masses of main fragments |
References
- ^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 85th ed, pp 202
- ^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 85th ed, pp 1148
- ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522-1524
- ^ Zivenko, Oleksiy (2019). "LPG ACCOUNTING SPECIFICITY DURING ITS STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION". Measuring Equipment and Metrology. 80 (3): 21–27. doi:10.23939/istcmtm2019.03.021. ISSN 0368-6418.
- "Multifunctional Green Alternative: Propane and Butane (properties)". Seminck. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 May 2007.
This box:
- Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
- Reliability of data general note.