Baclaran Church

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Baclaran Church
National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help
Santuario Nacional de Nuestra Señora del Perpetuo Socorro
Redemptorist Church
Iglesia Redentorista
Pambansáng Dambana ng Iná ng Laging Saklolo
National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help (Baclaran Church).jpg
Neo-Romanesque façade of the Shrine, 2022.
Baclaran Church is located in Metro Manila
Baclaran Church
Baclaran Church
14°31′53″N 120°59′35″E / 14.531411°N 120.9930539°E / 14.531411; 120.9930539
LocationParañaque, Metro Manila
CountryPhilippines
DenominationCatholic
Religious instituteRedemptorists
Websitebaclaranchurch.com
History
StatusNational Shrine
DedicationOur Lady of Perpetual Help
DedicatedDecember 5, 1958 (1958-12-05)
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architect(s)César Homero R. Concio, Sr.[1]
StyleModern Romanesque
GroundbreakingJanuary 11, 1953 (1953-01-11)[2]
CompletedDecember 5, 1958 (1958-12-05)[2]
Specifications
Capacity2,000 sitting
9,000 standing[3]
Length350 feet (110 m)[3]
Width118 feet (36 m)[3]
Height71 feet (22 m)[3]
Floor area54,564 square feet (5,069.2 m2)[3]
Number of spires1
MaterialsAdobe stones, steel, cement
Bells24
Administration
ProvinceManila
DioceseParañaque
Clergy
ArchbishopJose Cardinal Advincula
Bishop(s)Most Rev. Jesse E. Mercado, DD STL
RectorRev. Fr. Victorino A. Cueto, S.Th.D., CSsR
Desprestaur.jpg

The National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help (Filipino: Pambansáng Dambana ng Iná ng Laging Saklolo), also known as the Redemptorist Church and colloquially as Baclaran Church, is a prominent national shrine dedicated to Our Lady of Perpetual Help along Roxas Boulevard in Baclaran, Parañaque city of Metro Manila, Philippines.[3]

The church enshrines the icon of Our Mother of Perpetual Help, and is one of the largest Marian churches in the Philippines. Devotion to Our Mother of Perpetual Help is popular amongst Filipino Catholics, who flood the church on Wednesdays to attend Mass and pray the Novena to Our Mother of Perpetual Help.[1] In Manila, Wednesdays are popularly called "Baclaran Day" due to congested roads near the shrine.

The original icon enshrined above the main altar came from Germany before priests of the Redemptorist Order brought it to what was then the United States territory of the Philippine Islands in 1906.

Since the Feast of the Immaculate Conception 1958, the shrine has been authorised by the Holy See to remain open 24 hours a day throughout the entire year. The shrine itself was blessed by Pope John Paul II during his first Apostolic Visit to Metro Manila in 1981.

The wider shrine complex also serves as the headquarters of the Manila Vice Province of Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, while the Cebu Province of the Redemptorists is headquartered in Cebu. The shrine's current rector is the Rev. Fr. Victorino Cueto, C.Ss.R. The shrine celebrates its annual feast day on 27 June, the liturgical feast day of the icon.

History

According to the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the Shrine and its attached convent were initially dedicated to Saint Thérèse of Lisieux; a grotto statue of the saint on the shrine grounds memorialises her patronage.[citation needed]

The first Redemptorists came to the Philippines in 1906 and set up a community at Opon, Cebu.[4] Irish and Australian Redemptorists came to Manila in the 1900s.[citation needed] The Redemptorist community first went to Malate in 1913, where they built a small, popular shrine to Our Mother of Perpetual Help.[1]

In 1932, the community transferred to Baclaran.[1] Rev. Fr. Denis Grogan, C.Ss.R., the builder, was dedicated to Saint Thérèse of Lisieux and made her patroness of the new church and parish house.[1] However, the Ynchaustí Family, long-time supporters and friends, donated a high altar on the condition that it enshrine the icon of Our Mother of Perpetual Help.[1] When the church opened, the shrine became very popular.[1]

The Redemptorist priests replaced the Mother of Perpetual Help icon with a larger version to accommodate the growing number of devotees.[citation needed]

During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during the Second World War, invading Imperial Japanese troops overran the church, and the priests dispersed.[1] Australian and New Zealander priests were interred in the concentration camp at University of the Philippines – Los Baños.[1] The icon was removed from the church and given to a family for safekeeping; their home was later burned and ransacked towards the end of the Occupation.[1] The icon was initially thought lost until a De La Salle brother found it among other valuable objects that the Japanese had seized and abandoned at the Old Bilibid prison.[1]

Contrary to popular belief, the Perpetual Help Novena did not originate in Baclaran, but at the Redemptorist Church dedicated to Saint Clement Hofbauer in La Paz, Iloilo City, first held on May 6, 1946.[2][5] After witnessing the devotion of Ilonggos to the icon, the Australian Redemptorist Rev. Fr. Gerard O'Donnell, CSsR introduced the novena to Baclaran. Linguist Rev. Fr. Leo J. English, C.Ss.R. conducted the first Baclaran Novena with 70 participants on Wednesday, June 23, 1948,[2] giving rise to Wednesday's local moniker of "Baclaran Day".

The present Modern Romanesque church is the third to be built on the same site. It was designed by architect César Concio.[2] It took six years to build because most of the money came from small donations—the suggestion from the pulpit was 10 Philippine centavos per week—that often ran out, requiring construction to stop.[2] The foundation stone was laid on 11 January 1953 and on 1 December 1958, the new church was consecrated.[2] The church was dedicated on December 5, 1958, and has been open 24 hours ever since.[2]

In the early 1970s, Cardinal-Archbishop of Kraków Karol Wojtyła, said Mass in the Shrine during a brief, unofficial stopover in Manila. In 1981, Wojtyła, as Pope John Paul II, returned to the Shrine as part of his first Apostolic Visit.

The Shrine was notably the refuge of several computer engineers from the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) during the controversial 1986 Snap Elections. Thirty-five technicians who were operating the COMELEC's electronic quick count staged a walkout from their headquarters at the Philippine International Convention Center to protest alleged electoral fraud by supporters of dictator President Ferdinand Marcos.[6] Marcos's wife, Imelda, was a benefactress of the Shrine and devotee, having often brought her children there to perform the Visita Iglesia during Holy Week.

In 2015, a belfry was built as part of the Shrine's redevelopment plan. The structure, which houses a 24-bell carillon cast from the world-famous foundry Grassmayr, is far from the church itself. It was blessed on September 8 that same year by Luis Antonio Cardinal Tagle, then-Archbishop of Manila. It was the first time the Shrine had a bell tower since it was built.[7] The carillon bells are automatically programmed to ring 15 minutes before every Mass or Novena service. Liturgies and other activities are simulcast on TV Maria from the Shrine every first Wednesday of every month.

  • The icon in its mosaic frame, enshrined above the high altar, which is covered by a ciborium.

    The icon in its mosaic frame, enshrined above the high altar, which is covered by a ciborium.

  • The Shrine's nave, looking east down the centre aisle towards the main altar.

    The Shrine's nave, looking east down the centre aisle towards the main altar.

Architecture

The modern, Modern Romanesque building has a full seating capacity of 2,000, but as many as 11,000 people (including those standing) can fit inside during Masses.[2] An estimated 120,000 devotees are currently affiliated with the Shrine.

The belfry, which has mosaics of the icon on its four faces, is built closer to Roxas Boulevard some distance from the Shrine. It is topped by a finial in the shape of a simplified Redemptorist coat-of-arms, particularly the Cross, Spear, and sponge on a stick of hyssop. It also hosts the Sinirangan coffee shop at its base.

Organization

The Shrine is under the territory of Santa Rita de Cascia Parish, located a few blocks away from the Redemptorist Church. Both are part of the Vicariate of Santa Rita de Cascia in the Diocese of Parañaque. The Shrine is situated along Roxas Boulevard in Baclaran, Parañaque, Metro Manila. It is primarily financed by donations and Mass intention donations from Filipinos in the country as well as Overseas Filipinos, and in turn funds charitable social programs for the poor.[citation needed]

When the early Redemptorists settled at Baclaran, they insisted that the church besides their convent will not become a parish but a mission station in order to free them from sacramental work, except for the Eucharist and Penance. Redemptorists chose this arrangement to concentrate on fostering devotion to Our Mother of Perpetual Help, the administering of Sacrament of Penance, and mission work, particularly with the poor in Manila and wider Tagalog-speaking region.[1]

Canon Law of the Catholic Church defines a shrine as “a church or other sacred place which, with the approval of the local Ordinary, is by reason of special devotion frequented by the faithful as pilgrims (Can. 1230). Canon Law explains the implications of being a shrine: “As shrines the means of salvation are to be more abundantly made available to the faithful: by sedulous proclamation of the word of God, by suitable encouragement of liturgical life, especially by the celebration of the Eucharist and penance, and by the fostering of approved forms of popular devotion” (Can 1234 §1). “In shrines or in places adjacent to them, votive offerings of popular art and devotion are to be displayed and carefully safeguarded” (Can 1234 §2).[1]

Rectors

  • Rev. Fr. Gerard O'Donnell, C.Ss.R. (1948)
  • Rev. Fr. Lewis O'Leary, C.Ss.R. (1948–1958)
  • Rev. Fr. Patrick Deane, C.Ss.R. (1958–1985)
  • Rev. Fr. Teofilo Vinteres, C.Ss.R. (1985–2000)
  • Rev. Fr. Pedro Katigbak, C.Ss.R. (2000–2004)
  • Rev. Fr. Joseph Echano, C.Ss.R. (2004–2007, 2015–2016)
  • Rev. Fr. Victorino A. Cueto, C.Ss.R. (2007–2015)
  • Rev. Fr. Carlos G. Ronquillo, C.Ss.R. (2016–2019)
  • Rev. Fr. Victorino A. Cueto, C.Ss.R. (2019–present)

In popular culture

  • The church appears in the opening scene for the 1979 dramatic film "Ina Ka ng Anak Mo" (English: You are the Mother of your Child), starring Nora Aunor.
  • The church also appears in the 1995 action film "Alfredo Lim: Batas ng Maynila" (English: Alfredo Lim: The Law(giver) of Manila) starring Eddie Garcia.
  • The church was also featured in the American reality competition program The Amazing Race Season 25 in 2014.
  • The church's votive chapel as well as the altar makes an appearance in the romantic 2015 film You're Still The One.
  • The church also appears in the opening scene for the 2017 romantic comedy film Loving in Tandem.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "The Baclaran Phenomenon". National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Brief History Of Our Mother Of Perpetual Help in Baclaran". National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Baclaran Church". Arkitekturang Filipino Online. Archived from the original on 22 March 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  4. ^ "History of Redemptorist in the Philippines". Redemptorist Province of Cebu. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  5. ^ Bronze plaque at the entrance to St. Clement's Church in La Paz.
  6. ^ "75 Years: The Dawn of a New Era". a.baclaranovena.org. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  7. ^ "NTG: Bagong Carillon Bell Tower ng Baclaran Church, binasbasan ni Cardinal Tagle" (in Tagalog). YouTube, GMA News TV. Archived from the original on 2021-12-19.

External links

Media related to Baclaran Church at Wikimedia Commons

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