Amphicyoninae

Amphicyoninae; Temporal range: 37.2–2.6 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Eocene - late Pliocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	†Amphicyonidae
Subfamily:	†Amphicyoninae; Trouessart (1885)
Genera
	†Agnotherium; †Amphicyon; †Cynelos; †Cynodictis; †Goupilictis; †Ischyrocyon; †Magericyon; †Peignecyon; †Pliocyon; †Pseudocyon; †Tartarocyon; †Ysengrinia

Amphicyoninae is a subfamily of extinct bear-dogs, large terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder Caniformia and which inhabited North America, Eurasia, and Africa from ~37.2—2.6 Ma. Amphicyoninae existed for approximately ~34.6 million years.^[1]

Amphicyoninae was named by Trouessart (1885). It was assigned to Canidae by Matthew (1902); to Ursidae by Ginsburg (1977); and to Amphicyonidae by Hunt (1998).^[2]^[3]^[4]

Genera include:

Agnotherium, found in both Europe and N. Africa
Amphicyon, found in both Europe and N. America
Cynelos, synonyms include Absonodaphoenus (from Florida) and Hecubides (from Africa^[5]), endemic to N. America
Cynodictis
Ischyrocyon, Hadrocyon is a synonym, endemic to N. America
Goupilictis
Magericyon
Pliocyon, endemic to N. America
Pseudocyon, Amphicyonopsis is a synonym, endemic to Europe and N. America
Ysengrinia, found in both Europe and N. America

Fossil distribution

Specimens have been recovered from:

Midway Site, Gadsden County, Florida ~18.9—18.8 Ma.
Rabbitt Creek Site, Meagher County, Montana ~21.7—18 Ma.
Grimes Landing Site, King William County, Virginia ~17.6 Ma.
Arrisdrift, Namibia ~23.03—11.6 Ma.
Les Beilleaux, France ~20—16.9 Ma.

References

^ Paleobiology Database: Amphicyoninae, age range and collections
^ W. D. Matthew. 1902. New canidae from the Miocene of Colorado. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16(21):281-290
^ L. Ginsburg. 1977. Les carnivores du Miocene de Beni Mellal (Maroc). Geologie Mediterraneene 4(3):225-240
^ R. M. Hunt. 1998. Amphicyonidae. 196-227
^ Morales, J.; Pickford, M. (December 2008). "Creodonts and carnivores from the Middle Miocene Muruyur Formation at Kipsaraman and Cheparawa, Baringo District, Kenya". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 7 (8): 487–497. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2008.09.011.

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[1] Paleobiology Database: Amphicyoninae, age range and collections

[2] W. D. Matthew. 1902. New canidae from the Miocene of Colorado. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16(21):281-290

[3] L. Ginsburg. 1977. Les carnivores du Miocene de Beni Mellal (Maroc). Geologie Mediterraneene 4(3):225-240

[4] R. M. Hunt. 1998. Amphicyonidae. 196-227

[5] Morales, J.; Pickford, M. (December 2008). "Creodonts and carnivores from the Middle Miocene Muruyur Formation at Kipsaraman and Cheparawa, Baringo District, Kenya". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 7 (8): 487–497. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2008.09.011.

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Amphicyoninae

Fossil distribution

References

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