Ammonolysis
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In chemistry, ammonolysis (/am·mo·nol·y·sis/) is a type of chemical reaction in which ammonia (NH3) is used as a reactant. Ammonolysis reactions can be conducted with organic compounds to produce amines (molecules containing a nitrogen atom with a lone pair, :N),[1] or with inorganic compounds to produce nitrides.[2][3] This reaction is analogous to hydrolysis in which water molecules are split.
Of haloalkanes[edit]
On heating haloalkane and conc. ammonia in a sealed tube with ethanol, a series of amines are formed along with their salts.[4][5] The tertiary amine is usually the major product. [6]
![{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3->[RX]RNH2->[RX]R2NH->[RX]R3N->[RX]R4N+}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/945e36e07410fd821cd0599458095f73676454a1)
This is known as Hoffmann's ammonolysis. [7]
References[edit]
- ^ Stevenson, Arthur C. (September 1948). "Ammonolysis". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 40 (9): 1584–1589. doi:10.1021/ie50465a006. ISSN 0019-7866.
- ^ Jayatunga, Benthara; Karim, Md Rezaul; Lalk, Rebecca; Ohanaka, Okey; Lambrecht, Walter; Zhao, Hongping; Kash, Kathleen (2020). "Metal–Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of ZnGeGa2N4". Cryst. Growth Des. 20 (1): 189–196. doi:10.1021/acs.cgd.9b00995. S2CID 213595512.
- ^ Reichert, Malinda D.; White, Miles A.; Thompson, Michelle J.; Miller, Gordon J.; Vela, Javier (2015). "Preparation and Instability of Nanocrystalline Cuprous Nitride". Inorganic Chemistry. 54 (13): 6356−6362. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00679. PMID 26091284.
- ^ Clark, Jim. "Haloalkanes and ammonia". www.chemguide.co.uk.
- ^ Ashenhurst, James (2017-05-26). "Alkylation of Amines". Master Organic Chemistry.
- ^ Werner, Emil Alphonse (1918-01-01). "The preparation of ethylamine and diethylamine". Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions. 113: 899. doi:10.1039/CT9181300899. ISSN 0368-1645.
- ^ Dhingra, Anand (1999-12-01). The Sterling Dictionary Of Chemistry. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 194. ISBN 978-81-7359-123-5.
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