Ambrosia psilostachya
Ambrosia psilostachya | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Asteraceae |
Genus: | Ambrosia |
Species: | A. psilostachya
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Binomial name | |
Ambrosia psilostachya | |
Synonyms[2] | |
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Ambrosia psilostachya is a species of ragweed known by the common names Cuman ragweed and perennial ragweed,[3] and western ragweed.
Distribution and habitat
The plant is widespread across much of North America (United States, Canada, and northern Mexico).[4] It is also naturalized in parts of Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America.[5] It is a common plant in many habitat types, including disturbed areas such as roadsides.[6][7][8][9][10]
Description
Ambrosia psilostachya is an erect perennial herb growing a slender, branching, straw-colored stem to a maximum height near two meters, but more often remaining under one meter tall. Leaves are up to 12 centimeters long and vary in shape from lance-shaped to nearly oval, and they are divided into many narrow, pointed lobes. The stem and leaves are hairy.[6]
The top of the stem is occupied by an inflorescence which is usually a spike. The species is monoecious, and the inflorescence is composed of staminate (male) flower heads with the pistillate heads located below and in the axils of leaves.[6] This bloom period is from June through November.
The pistillate heads yield fruits which are achenes located within oval-shaped greenish-brown burs about half a centimeter long. The burs are hairy and sometimes spiny. The plant reproduces by seed and by sprouting up from a creeping rhizome-like root system.[11]
Ecology
Ambrosia psilostachya is a host plant for the caterpillars of Bucculatrix transversata,[12] Cosmopterix opulenta, Exaeretia gracilis, Gnorimoschema saphirinella,[13] Schinia sexplagiata; the beetles Zygogramma disrupta, Zygogramma suturalis;[14] and the grasshopper Spharagemon collare.[15]
Medicinal uses
This plant had a number of medicinal uses among several different Native American tribes, including the Cheyenne, Kumeyaay (Diegueno), and Kiowa people.[16]
Chemistry
Ambrosia psilostachya contains a group of phytochemicals called psilostachyins.[17]
References
- ^ The International Plant Names Index
- ^ The Plant List Ambrosia psilostachya DC.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2104 county distribution map
- ^ United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile . accessed 2.14.2013
- ^ a b c Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 18 Ambrosia psilostachya de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
- ^ Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 877 裸穗豚草 luo sui tun cao Ambrosia psilostachya Candolle
- ^ Tropicos, specimen listing for Ambrosia psilostachya DC
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Ambrosia con spighe rade, Ambrosia psilostachya DC. includes photos and European distribution map
- ^ Atlas of Living Australia, Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Perennial Ragweed
- ^ Neill, Robert L.; Rice, Elroy L. (October 1971). "Possible Role of Ambrosia psilostachya on Pattern and Succession in Old-Fields". American Midland Naturalist. 86 (2): 344–57. doi:10.2307/2423628. JSTOR 2423628.
- ^ American Entomological Society (1916). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society. Smithsonian Libraries. Philadelphia, American Entomological Society.
- ^ "Ambrosia". www.nic.funet.fi. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
- ^ Clark, S. M.; LeDoux, D. G.; Seeno, T. S.; Riley, E. G.; Gilbert, A. J.; Sullivan, J. M. (2005-03-01). "Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae)". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 98 (2): 243–244. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0243:hpolbs]2.0.co;2. ISSN 0013-8746.
- ^ Pfadt, Robert. "Spharagemon collare". Grasshoppers of the Western U.S. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ University of Michigan at Dearborn: Native American Ethnobotany of Ambrosia psilostachya . accessed 2.14.2013
- ^ Wan, Shiqiang; Yuan, Tong; Bowdish, Sarah; Wallace, Linda; Russell, Scott D.; Luo, Yiqi (2002). "Response of an allergenic species, Ambrosia psilostachya (Asteraceae), to experimental warming and clipping: Implications for public health". American Journal of Botany. 89 (11): 1843–6. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.11.1843. PMID 21665612. S2CID 14548075.
External links
- Calflora Database: Ambrosia psilostachya (Western ragweed)
- Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment: Ambrosia psilostachya
- USDA National Forest Service, FEIS Ecology of Ambrosia psilostachya
- USGS.gov: Northern Prairie Wildlife Profile
- UC Calphotos Photos gallery of Ambrosia psilostachyaError: "Q3613854" is not a valid Wikidata entity ID.
- CS1 maint: url-status
- Articles with short description
- Short description with empty Wikidata description
- Articles with 'species' microformats
- Taxonbars desynced from Wikidata
- Taxonbar pages requiring a Wikidata item
- Taxonbars with invalid from parameters
- Taxonbars without secondary Wikidata taxon IDs
- Ambrosia (plant)
- Flora of Canada
- Flora of Northeastern Mexico
- Flora of Northwestern Mexico
- Flora of the Eastern United States
- Flora of the Western United States
- Plants described in 1836
- Taxa named by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
- Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Plants used in traditional Native American medicine
- Flora without expected TNC conservation status