Unitarian Universalism and LGBT people
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Unitarian Universalism, the Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA), and the Canadian Unitarian Council (CUC) have a longstanding tradition of welcoming LGBTQ people.
History
Unitarianism and Universalism, two religious movements that merged in 1961 to form Unitarian Universalism, had a long liberal religious history of good works and reform of social institutions and were a home for many abolitionists, feminists, and other forward thinkers, including gay liberationists.[1] For example, one of the founders of the Mattachine Foundation was a gay Universalist minister, Rev. Wallace de Ortega Maxey (pastor of the First Universalist Church of Los Angeles), and two of the founders of the Mattachine Society—Bob Hull and Chuck Rowland—were also Universalists.[2]
Unitarian Universalism has made a name for itself as one of the most LGBTQ-affirming denominations. It was the first religion to have an openly gay minister (in 1969), the first to officially condemn discrimination against homosexuals (in 1970), and the first to take an official stance on many matters of particular importance to LGBTQ people.[1] The first documented same-sex weddings conducted by Unitarian Universalist ministers were performed by Rev. Ernest Pipes Jr., at the Community Church of Santa Monica, California, in 1957, and Rev. Harry Barron Scholefield, at the First Unitarian Church of San Francisco, in 1958.[3] In September 1969, Rev. James L. Stoll publicly came out as gay, making him the first ordained minister of a major religious group in the U.S. or Canada to do so.[4][1]
In 1971, the Unitarian Universalist Association published About Your Sexuality, a groundbreaking comprehensive sex education program for teenagers in Unitarian Universalist churches that treated homosexuality as a valid and normal form of sexuality.[5] The program was revised a number of times over the next several decades and in 1999 was replaced with Our Whole Lives, a joint program with the United Church of Christ that continues to be a leader in LGBTQ-affirming sexual education programs and now includes curricula for all ages.[6] The denomination has ordained ministers regardless of orientation since the 1970s, and the first openly transgender person was ordained in 1988.[7] The annual general assembly of the UUA has passed more than two dozen resolutions on LGBTQ topics, including same-sex marriage, LGB people in the military, the Employment Nondiscrimination Act, and transgender rights.[8]
In 1989, the UUA launched a Welcoming Congregation Program to support churches in intentionally becoming more inclusive of LGBTQ people.[9] After meeting requirements related to church policy, education, advocacy, and more, congregations are designated as Welcoming Congregations. As of 2019, 75% of all U.S. Unitarian Universalist congregations and 99% of all Canadian Unitarian Universalist congregations had gone through the process of becoming Welcoming Congregations.[10][11] The UUA has officially supported Unitarian Universalist clergy performing services of union for same-sex couples since 1984 and the denomination was very active in the fight for marriage equality in the United States, including through its advocacy campaign Side With Love (formerly Standing on the Side of Love).[12][13][7]
Instituted organizations
The UUA has dedicated denominational staff to the work of becoming ever more welcoming and inclusive of LGBTQ people since 1973 through an office now called LGBTQ Ministries, making it the first major national religious organization to open an office in support of civil rights and social acceptance of LGBTQ people.[7][14] The office of LGBTQ Ministries administers the Welcoming Congregation Program through which UU churches take action to increase their inclusion of LGBTQ people. Once the requirements have been met, the UUA designates that church as a Welcoming Congregation and adds an icon to the listing in the UUA Directory.[15]
Canadian
The Canadian Unitarian Council similarly supports the Welcoming Congregation Program and recognizes Welcoming Congregations.[11] The first same-sex marriage performed by a church in Canada (after the 1972 civil same-sex marriage of Michel Girouard and Rejean Tremblay of Montreal) was that of Chris Vogel and Richard North, married by the First Unitarian Universalist Church of Winnipeg on February 11, 1974, officiated by Unitarian minister Rev. Norm Naylor.[16][17] Unitarian Universalists were responsible for the first same-sex marriages performed in Manitoba, Ontario, Alberta, British Columbia, Nova Scotia, and Saskatchewan, mostly in the 1970s, although the provincial governments often refused to recognize the marriages at the time.
Interweave
From 1993 until 2016, there was a fellowship of LGBT Unitarian Universalists and supporters called Interweave Continental. Interweave was a related organization of the UUA, actively working to end oppression based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Sometimes, an individual church's Welcoming Congregation Committee evolved into an Interweave Chapter. Each chapter requested financial and advocacy support from the fellowship with which it is connected.[18]
TRUUsT
Founded in 2004, TRUUsT (Transgender Religious Professional Unitarian Universalists Together) is an organization of trans Unitarian Universalist ministers, religious educators, seminarians, and other leaders.[19]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Oppenheimer, Mark (1996). ""The Inherent Worth and Dignity": Gay Unitarians and the Birth of Sexual Tolerance in Liberal Religion". Journal of the History of Sexuality. 7 (1): 73–101. ISSN 1043-4070. JSTOR 3840443.
- ^ "Wallace de Ortega Maxey". LGBTQ Religious Archives Network. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Morrison-Reed, Mark D. (2018-06-03). Revisiting the Empowerment Controversy: Black Power and Unitarian Universalism. Skinner House Books.
- ^ "My Greatly Human Hometown Minister--James Lewis Stoll, 1936-1994"
- ^ "Collection: Unitarian Universalist Association. Department of Education and Social Concerns, About Your Sexuality. Records, 1970-1983. | HOLLIS for". hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ "Forty years of UU sexuality education". UU World Magazine. 2012-01-02. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ a b c "Unitarian Universalist LGBTQ History & Facts | UUA.org". 2016-03-04. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ "Social Witness Statement Chronological Listing: 1961 to Present | UUA.org". www.uua.org. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ "Welcoming Congregations Program | UUA.org". www.uua.org. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ "Congregation Search Results | UUA.org". www.uua.org. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ a b "Welcoming Congregations". Canadian Unitarian Council Conseil unitarien du Canada. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ "Unitarians Endorse Homosexual Marriages", UPI, New York Times, 29 June 1984, retrieved on 21 June 2007.
- ^ "UUA launches 'Standing on the Side of Love' campaign". UU World Magazine. 2009-09-07. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ Robinson, B.A. (2017-01-22). "Unitarian Universalist Association, a Liberal Faith Group in the U.S., and the LGBT community". Retrieved 2019-03-17.
- ^ "How to Apply for Official Recognition as a Welcoming Congregation | UUA.org". www.uua.org. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Frum, Barbara (February 21, 1974). "Gay Winnipeg Couple Marries". CBC Digital Archives. Retrieved September 16, 2021.
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: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Beacon Unitarian Church: Sermons". www.beaconunitarian.org. Retrieved 2021-09-16.
- ^ "Interweave - About". Interweave Continental. Archived from the original on 2014-12-25. Retrieved 2019-03-17. "Interweave". Unitarian Universalist Association. Retrieved 2019-03-17.
- ^ "About". TRUUsT. 2010-05-03. Retrieved 2021-09-16.