Streptomycetaceae

Streptomycetaceae
Slide culture of a Streptomyces species
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Actinomycetota
Class:	Actinomycetia
Order:	Streptomycetales Cavalier-Smith 2002
Family:	Streptomycetaceae Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980)
Genera
Allostreptomyces Huang et al. 2017 Embleya Nouioui et al. 2018 Kitasatospora corrig. Ōmura et al. 1983 "Marinispora" Kwon et al. 2006 "Parastreptomyces" Nichols et al. 2005 Streptacidiphilus Kim et al. 2003 Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980) "Waksmania" Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1957 Yinghuangia Nouioui et al. 2018
Synonyms
Streptomycetales: "Streptomycetales" (Rainey et al. 1997) Kämpfer 2012 Streptomycetaceae: Allostreptomycetaceae Salam et al. 2020 Carbonactinosporaceae Volpiano et al. 2021 Streptomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 Streptomycineae Rainey et al. 1997

The Streptomycetaceae are a family of Actinomycetota, making up the monotypic order Streptomycetales. It includes the important genus Streptomyces. This was the original source of many antibiotics, namely streptomycin, the first antibiotic against tuberculosis.

Genomics

Sequence alignments of actinomycetotal genomes have led to the identification of three conserved signature indels which are unique to the order Streptomycetales. The enzyme PBGD contains a four-amino-acid insertion which is present in all Streptomyces species and Kitasatospora setae, but not any other Actinomycetota. Similarly, a one- amino-acid insertion is present in a conserved region of adenylate kinase and is found in all Streptomyces species and K. setae, but is not found in any other Actinomycetota. Five conserved signature proteins have also been identified which are present in various sequenced Streptomyces species, but not in K. setae; however, as the complete genome of K. setae has not yet been sequenced, these proteins may be present in K. setae. Additionally, 11 conserved signature proteins have been identified which are found in all sequenced Streptomyces species and K. setae. These proteins are believed to be unique to the Streptomycetales order, thus provide molecular markers which can be used to distinguish this group from the rest of the Actinomycetota. Phylogenetic trees indicate that the order Catenulisporales is closely related to the order Streptomycetales. This inference is supported by a one-amino-acid conserved signature indel which is uniquely found in all Streptomycetales species and Catenulisporales acidiphilia, the only Catenulisporales species whose complete genome has been sequenced. Additionally, three conserved signature proteins have been identified which are found in all Streptomycetales species and C. acidiphilia. Both the conserved signature indel and the conserved signature proteins provide evidence that the orders Streptomycetales and Catenulisporales are closely related.

Phylogeny

The accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis.

	Streptomycetales   Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus       Yinghuangia       Embleya       Streptomyces       Streptacidiphilus     Kitasatospora             outgroup Catenulisporales

External links

Data related to Streptomycetaceae at Wikispecies