St Mary Aldermary

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Not to be confused with the separate demolished church St Mary Aldermanbury.

Guild Church of St Mary Aldermary
Guild Church of St Mary Aldermary
St Mary Aldermary Church.jpg
St Mary Aldermary Church view from Queen Victoria Street
LocationLondon, EC4
CountryUnited Kingdom
DenominationChurch of England
Previous denominationRoman Catholicism
Websitewww.stmaryaldermary.co.uk
Architecture
Heritage designationGrade I listed building
Architect(s)Christopher Wren
StyleGothic
Years built1681
Administration
DioceseLondon
Clergy
Priest(s)Paul Kennedy
ArchdeaconArchdeacon of London

The Guild Church of St Mary Aldermary a contraction of St Mary Aldermanbury[1] (or St Mary Elder Mary)[2] is an Anglican church located in Watling Street at the junction with Bow Lane, in the City of London. Of medieval origin, it was rebuilt from 1510. Badly damaged in the Great Fire of London in 1666, it was rebuilt once more, this time by Sir Christopher Wren; unlike the vast majority of Wren's City churches, St Mary Aldermary is in the Gothic style.

History

There has been a church on the site for over 900 years. Its name is usually taken to mean that it is the oldest of the City churches dedicated to the Virgin Mary.[3] The patronage of the rectory of St Mary Aldermary belonged to the prior and chapter of Canterbury, but was transferred to the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1400.[4]

In 1510, Sir Henry Keeble financed the building of a new church. The tower was still unfinished when he died in 1518. In 1629, two legacies enabled it to be completed, and the work, begun 120 years before, was finished within three years.[5] Keble was buried in a vault beneath the floor of church, but his grave was not allowed to remain for long. Richard Newcourt recorded that

Sir William Laxton, who died in 1556, and Sir Tho. Lodge, who died in 1583 (both which were Grocers and had been Mayors of this City), were buried in the Vault of this Sir Henry Keeble, his bones unkindly cast out, and his Monument pull'd down, in place whereof, Monuments were set up of the others.[5]

John Stow mentions various dignitaries buried in the early church in his 1598 Survey of London. They include Richard Chaucer, vintner, said by Stow to be the father of the poet Geoffrey Chaucer.[4] John Milton married his third wife, Elizabeth Minshull, in the church in 1663. The parish registers date from 1558, and are now deposited in the Guildhall Library.[6]

In 1599 a group of citizens from St. Antholin's founded a lectureship.[7] They gave property in London to pay for a daily lecture in the pulpit at St. Antholin’s and the church became famous as a lecture theatre. The Great Fire burned down the church but daily lectures carried on; it was rebuilt but was demolished in 1870 and the lecture was transferred to St. Mary Aldermary. The lectures are now organised by the Church Society.[8]

Rebuilding after the Great Fire

St Mary Aldermary was badly damaged in the Great Fire of London of 1666,[9] although parts of its walls and tower survived.[10] It was mostly rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren in a Gothic style.[11] A legacy of £5,000 had been left by one Henry Rogers for the rebuilding of a church, and his widow agreed to use it to fund the reconstruction of St Mary's.[4] According to some sources, she stipulated that the new church should be an exact imitation of the one largely destroyed.[4]

The church as rebuilt has an aisled nave, six bays long, with a clerestory.[12] There is a short chancel.[12] The tower is attached to the south west corner of the building, and is entered through a western lobby. It is divided into storeys by string courses; the corners have octagonal turrets, terminating in what George Godwin called "carved finials of impure design". The nave and aisles are separated by arcades of clustered columns, supporting somewhat flattened Gothic arches. The ceilings are decorated with elaborate plaster fan vaulting.[13]

According to Nikolaus Pevsner, St Mary Aldemary is "the chief surviving monument of the 17th-century Gothic revival in the City and – with Warwick – the most important late 17th-century Gothic church in England".[14]

The parish of the church of St Thomas the Apostle, destroyed in the Great Fire and not rebuilt, was united with that of St Mary's.[3]

In 1781 a new organ was installed, built by George England.[15]

Wartime damage

St Mary Aldermary was damaged by German bombs in the London Blitz during the Second World War.[16]

Restorations

St Mary Aldermary Church Interior

The church has been repaired and restored many times over the years. In 1876–7 there were major changes to the interior: a new oak screen was inserted dividing the church from the lobby; the pews and stalls were replaced, the organ was moved from the western gallery to the chancel; the floor was repaved, new stained glass put into the windows, and a new reredos installed.[17]

The latest interior restoration was finished in April 2005, with special attention paid to the plaster ceilings and the memorials on the north wall. A service was held, presided over by Richard Chartres, the Bishop of London, to celebrate the completion of the restoration, on 21 April 2005.[18]

The church was designated a Grade I listed building on 4 January 1950.[12]

Burials

Current activities

In January 2010, the Bishop and Archdeacon of London invited the Moot Community to make their home in St Mary Aldermary. Moot is a Church of England community in the new monastic tradition. Members annually commit to live by a "rhythm of life", which encompasses spiritual practices such as prayer, meditation and presence, and values such as acceptance, balance, creativity and hospitality.[19]

Daily prayer, regular worship services, meditation and discussion groups go on in the church, and the community also hosts conferences and courses on subjects such as justice in economics, conflict resolution or mindfulness. The church hosts regular art exhibitions and installations, and retreat days. It is home to a café, Host, which sells fair trade coffee and goods.[20]

Since 2007, the church has been the Regimental Church of the Royal Tank Regiment.[21]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 by Rupert Gunnis p.255
  2. ^ "The City of London Churches: monuments of another age" Quantrill, E; Quantrill, M p74: London; Quartet; 1975
  3. ^ a b Godwin 1839, p.3, referring to a suggestion made by John Stow in his Survey of London.
  4. ^ a b c d Daniel 1892, p.233
  5. ^ a b Newcourt, Richard (1708). Repetorium Ecclesiasticum Parochiale Londinense. Vol. 1. London. pp. 534–4.
  6. ^ "The parish registers of St. Mary Aldermary, London, containing the marriages, baptisms and burials, from 1558 to 1754". FamilySearch. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
  7. ^ Thornbury, Walter (1878). "'Cannon Street tributaries and East Cheap', in Old and New London". London: British History Online. pp. 550–565. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
  8. ^ "Puritan Spiritual Diaries: the 2021 St Antholin Lecture". The Church Society. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
  9. ^ Tucker, T. (2006). The Visitors Guide to the City of London Churches. London: Friends of the City Churches. ISBN 0-9553945-0-3.
  10. ^ "The City Churches" Tabor, M. p88:London; The Swarthmore Press Ltd; 1917
  11. ^ Cobb, G. (1942). The Old Churches of London. London: Batsford.
  12. ^ a b c Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1079145)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
  13. ^ Godwin 1839, p.6
  14. ^ Pevsner, Nikolaus; Bradley, Simon (1998). London:the City Churches. New Haven: Yale. ISBN 0-300-09655-0.
  15. ^ "The City Churches: St Mary Aldermary". Open House Festival. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
  16. ^ "The London Encyclopaedia" Hibbert,C;Weinreb,D;Keay,J: London, Pan Macmillan, 1983 (rev 1993,2008) ISBN 978-1-4050-4924-5
  17. ^ Daniel 1892, p.234
  18. ^ "Gothick survival". Architects Journal. 24 February 2005. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  19. ^ "Moot Community". Moot Community.
  20. ^ "The Gorgeous London Church That's Also A Coffee Shop • Host Café". Secret London. 22 August 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
  21. ^ "Regimental Church & Collect - The Royal Tank Regiment Association". www.royaltankregiment.com. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2017.

Sources

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to St Mary Aldermary.

Coordinates: 51°30′46″N 0°05′36″W / 51.51278°N 0.09333°W / 51.51278; -0.09333

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