Ščadryn
.jpg)
Ščadryn or Shchedrin[1] (Yiddish: שצעדרין, Belarusian: Шчадрын) is a village is located in Belarus, previously of the Russian Empire. Prior to the Holocaust, the village functioned as an Eastern European shtetl and was home to members of the Chabad-Lubavitch sect of Hasidic Judaism.[2][3]
Background
According to Chabad sources, the village of Shchedrin was established in 1846[4] by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneersohn. Schneersohn purchased an estate of 17.5 square kilometers. The beginnings of the settlement involved sixty Jewish families who resided on the land. Schneersohn reportedly provided the families with building materials and other necessary equipment for developing the area.[2] A considerable part of the land in the area belonged to timber dealer Chaim Golodetz, a Chabad Hasid, who helped establish the village after receiving land from Schneersohn.[5][6]
By 1897, the population of the village had grown to 4,000, with Jews totalling the village's vast majority.[7] Following a decline in the local timber trade and the subsequent departure of the Golodetz family, many residents began to emigrate from the town.[6] In 1909, Rabbi Shalom Dovber Schneersohn organised for a branch of the Tomchei Tmimim yeshiva to be founded in the village.[2] By 1926, there were 1,759 Jews living in the village.[8]
During the Holocaust
In July 1941, the German Army occupied the village and quickly appointed local non-Jews to serve in administrative positions and to act as a police force. In August 1941, the Germans and the local police forced the Jewish population into a ghetto and had begun forcing Jews to perform forced labor. Individual Jews were killed during this time in various settings. The following year, in March 1942, the German Army and the local police systematically rounded up the majority of the Jewish residents and murdered them in a mass grave. In June 1944, the Soviet Army recaptured the village and the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission investigated the mass grave.[8]
People
People from Ščadryn:
- Soviet-Jewish artist Zinovii Tolkatchev[7]
References
- ^ Also Scadryn
- ^ a b c Rubin, Eli. "The Chabad Shtetl of Schedrin: Working the Earth, Looking to Heaven". chabad.org.
- ^ "Scadryn". jewishgen.org.
- ^ The Golodetz family article offers two other dates
- ^ "The History of the Family Golodetz" by Dr. Lazar Golodetz
- ^ a b "Shchedrin". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.
- ^ a b Rajner, M. (2015). Zinovii Tolkatchev’s „Jesus in Majdanek “: A Soviet-Jewish Artist Confronting the Holocaust. PaRDeS: Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien [21 (2015)]= Jesus in den Jüdischen Kulturen des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts, 21, 59-85.
- ^ a b Smilovitsky, L. (2012) "Shchedrin", in Megargee, G. P., M. Dean, and M. Hecker (Eds) Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945, Volume 2: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe, Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, pp. 1726-1728. Retrieved via www.ushmm.org
External links
 | This Judaism-related article is a stub. You can help Justapedia by expanding it. |
 | This Russia-related article is a stub. You can help Justapedia by expanding it. |
 | This Belarus-related article is a stub. You can help Justapedia by expanding it. |