Porsanger

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Porsanger kommune
Porsanger kommune (Norwegian)
Porsáŋggu gielda (Northern Sami)
Porsangin komuuni (Kven)
Municipality
View of Repvåg
View of Repvåg
Flag of Porsanger kommune
Flag
Coat of arms of Porsanger kommune
Coat of arms
Official logo of Porsanger kommune
Troms og Finnmark within
Norway
Porsanger within Troms og Finnmark
Porsanger within Troms og Finnmark
Coordinates: 70°03′08″N 24°57′21″E / 70.05222°N 24.95583°E / 70.05222; 24.95583Coordinates: 70°03′08″N 24°57′21″E / 70.05222°N 24.95583°E / 70.05222; 24.95583
CountryNorway
CountyTroms og Finnmark
DistrictVest-Finnmark
Established1 Jan 1838
Administrative centreLakselv
Government
 • Mayor (2015)Aina Borch (Ap)
Area
 • Total4,872.68 km2 (1,881.35 sq mi)
 • Land4,639.18 km2 (1,791.20 sq mi)
 • Water233.50 km2 (90.15 sq mi)  4.8%
 • Rank#3 in Norway
Population
 (2022)
 • Total3,904
 • Rank#204 in Norway
 • Density0.8/km2 (2/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Decrease −1.1%
DemonymsPorsangværing
Porsangerværing[1]
Official languages
[2]
 • Norwegian formBokmål
 • Sámi formNorthern Sami
 • Other language(s)Kven
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-5436
WebsiteOfficial website
Data from Statistics Norway

Porsanger (Northern Sami: Porsáŋgu; Kven: Porsanki[3]) is a municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Lakselv. Other villages in the municipality include Børselv, Brenna, Indre Billefjord, Kistrand, Olderfjord, and Skoganvarre.

The 4,873-square-kilometre (1,881 sq mi) municipality is the 3rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Porsanger is the 204th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,904, many of whom have a Kven (Kainu) or Sami background. The municipality's population density is 0.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.1/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.1% over the previous 10-year period.[4][5]

General information

View of a reindeer herd near a waterfall in Porsanger
Traditional Sami house, along the fjord

The municipality of Kistrand (renamed Porsanger in 1964) was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). On 1 January 1851, the southern part of Kistrand (population: 869) was separated to become the new Kautokeino Municipality. On 1 January 1861, the northern part of Kistrand (population: 345) was separated to become the new Kjelvik Municipality. On 1 January 1866, the southern part of Kistrand (population: 515) was separated to become the new Karasjok Municipality.[6]

On 1 January 2020, the municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county. Previously, it had been part of the old Finnmark county.[7]

Name

The municipality was originally named Kistrand, after the farm where the main parish church (Kistrand Church) was located. In 1964, the municipality was renamed Porsanger, after the local Porsangerfjorden.

The Old Norse form of the name was Porsangr. The first element is probably the name of the plant pors or finnmarkspors (Rhododendron tomentosum). Another theory is that is comes from Sami borsi which means "waterfall". The last word is angr which means "fjord".

Since 2004, the municipality has had three official names: Porsanger, Porsáŋgu, and Porsanki, since it has three official languages: Norwegian, Northern Sami, and Kven.[8][9]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 16 June 1967. Porsanger is one of the largest municipalities in the Northern Norway that are not dependent on fishing. Instead the local people historically farmed reindeer, which is still an importance source of income. The arms thus show three silver leaping reindeer on a red background.[10]

See also: Coats of arms of Eidfjord, Rendalen, Tromsø, Vadsø, and Vågå

Churches

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Porsanger. It is part of the Indre Finnmark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.

Churches in Porsanger
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Porsanger Brenna Chapel Brenna 1971
Børselv Church Børselv 1958
Kistrand Church Kistrand 1856
Lakselv Church Lakselv 1963
Skoganvarre Chapel Skoganvarre 1963

History

The area has been settled by Sami people since time immemorial. In the 18th century, people from Finland, escaping famine and war, settled along the Porsangerfjorden. These people are today known as Kven. Today, three official languages are in use, and the municipality is named Porsanger, Porsáŋgu, and Porsanki (the name in Norwegian, Northern Sami, and Kven/Finnish respectively).

Government

All municipalities in Norway, including Porsanger, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor.[11] The municipality falls under the Indre Finnmark District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Porsanger is made up of 19 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the council is as follows:

Porsanger Kommunestyre 2020–2023 [12]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
 Cross-Party List in Porsanger (Tverrpolitisk liste i Porsanger)3
Total number of members:19
Porsanger Kommunestyre 2016–2019 [13]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)6
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)7
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)1
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Cross-Party List in Porsanger (Tverrpolitisk liste i Porsanger)3
Total number of members:19
Porsanger Kommunestyre 2012–2015 [14]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)3
 Conservative Party (Høyre)7
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)1
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
Total number of members:19
Porsanger Kommunestyre 2008–2011 [13]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)5
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
Total number of members:19
Porsanger Kommunestyre 2004–2007 [13]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)6
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Conservative Party (Høyre)7
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
Total number of members:19
Porsanger Kommunestyre 2000–2003 [13]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Conservative Party (Høyre)8
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
 Porsanger List (Porsangerlista)1
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1996–1999 [15]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Porsanger List (Porsangerlista)4
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1992–1995 [16]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)4
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Porsanger List (Porsangerlista)3
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1988–1991 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)13
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)3
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Porsanger Cross-Party List (Porsanger tverrpolitiske liste)2
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1984–1987 [18]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)14
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Local list for Indre Porsanger
 (Kretslista for Indre Porsanger)		3
 Porsanger Local List
 (Porsanger Bygdefolkets liste)		1
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1980–1983 [19]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)1
 Local list for Indre Porsanger
 (Kretslista for Indre Porsanger)		6
 Common List for Porsanger
 (Samlingsliste for Porsanger)		1
 Socialist Unity Liste
 (Sosialistisk enhetslist)		1
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1976–1979 [20]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)11
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)5
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1972–1975 [21]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)20
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
Total number of members:25
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1968–1971 [22]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)15
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)1
Total number of members:19
Porsanger Kommunestyre 1964–1967 [23]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)15
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti)1
Total number of members:19
Kistrand Herredsstyre 1960–1963 [24]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)11
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders
(Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste)		2
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:19
Kistrand Herredsstyre 1956–1959 [25]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Conservative Party (Høyre)2
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)2
 List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders
(Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste)		1
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)4
Total number of members:19
Kistrand Herredsstyre 1952–1955 [26]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)7
Total number of members:16
Kistrand Herredsstyre 1948–1951 [27]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)9
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)2
 List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders
(Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste)		3
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:16
Kistrand Herredsstyre 1945–1947 [28]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders
(Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste)		1
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)7
Total number of members:16
Kistrand Herredsstyre 1938–1941* [29]  
Party Name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)9
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)3
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)4
Total number of members:16
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Economy

Halkavarre firing range
River in Stabbursdalen, where the world's northernmost pine forest grow

Lakselv Airport, Banak is located on the Banak peninsula, just north of Lakselv village, along the coast of the fjord. The airport has connections to Tromsø and Kirkenes and it is operated by Widerøe. There are also charter flights in the summer season. The airport is also used by the Royal Norwegian Air Force's Station Group Banak. The Norwegian Army also has a garrison at Porsangermoen (Garrison of Porsanger), and so the military presence in Porsanger is quite heavy.

The local newspapers are Finnmark Dagblad and Ságat. The northernmost winery is located here, using crowberries instead of grapes.

Geography

Trolls in Porsanger; naturally sculpted dolomite.
Kistrand in Porsanger on the western shore of Porsanger fjord

Porsanger Municipality is the third largest municipality in Norway by area, with 4,873 square kilometres (1,881 sq mi). The municipality surrounds the inner part of the Porsangerfjorden, the fourth longest fjord in Norway and the longest in Northern Norway.

The Porsangerfjorden is a wide, open body of water with many islands. The Porsanger Peninsula lies on the western shore of the fjord and the Sværholt Peninsula lies on the eastern shore. The biggest village (and municipal centre) is the village of Lakselv at the fjord's southern end. There are many smaller villages spread around the fjord on both sides, notably Kistrand, Olderfjord, Børselv, and Indre Billefjord.

Stabbursdalen National Park, with the world's northernmost pine forest, lies just west of the fjord and the village of Lakselv. The Stabburselva river runs through the park. Other notable rivers include the Børselva and Lakselva, both are well known for their salmon fishing. The lakes Gákkajávri and Kjæsvannet are both located in the municipality.

In Porsanger, there is midnight sun from 16 May until 27 July each year and there is polar night from 25 November to 16 January.

Birdlife

Porsanger is an area of rich and varied bird fauna. Here one can find such species as pine grosbeak. Away from the woodlands, it is the surrounding wetlands that have the greatest diversity. During spring, thousands of red knots stop to rest and feed along the shores of Porsangerfjord.

Climate

Lakselv has a boreal climate with modest precipitation and long winters, but still with annual mean well above freezing, ensuring there is no permafrost. The winters are less severe in terms of cold than would be expected for a town at 70 degrees latitude. The all-time high temperature 34.3 °C (93.7 °F) was recorded on 5 July 2021.[30] This is the warmest temperature ever recorded north of 70 degrees North in Europe.[31] The all-time low −33.6 °C (−28.5 °F) is from January 1986. The average date for first overnight freeze (below 0 °C (32 °F)) in autumn is September 6 (1981-2010 average).[32] The weather station (recording since Aug 1945) is located at Banak Airport, 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from the town.

Climate data for Lakselv Airport, Banak in Porsanger 1991-2020 (5 m, precipitation days 1961-90, extremes 1979-2022)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.4
(48.9) 		9.4
(48.9) 		13
(55) 		15.9
(60.6) 		25.7
(78.3) 		32.5
(90.5) 		34.3
(93.7) 		32.8
(91.0) 		25
(77) 		15.1
(59.2) 		11.9
(53.4) 		10.1
(50.2) 		34.3
(93.7)
Average high °C (°F) −6
(21) 		−6
(21) 		−1
(30) 		4
(39) 		10
(50) 		13
(55) 		17
(63) 		16
(61) 		12
(54) 		4
(39) 		−1
(30) 		−3
(27) 		5
(41)
Daily mean °C (°F) −7.9
(17.8) 		−7.9
(17.8) 		−4.5
(23.9) 		0.1
(32.2) 		5.3
(41.5) 		9.6
(49.3) 		13
(55) 		11.6
(52.9) 		7.8
(46.0) 		1.9
(35.4) 		−3.4
(25.9) 		−5.6
(21.9) 		1.7
(35.0)
Average low °C (°F) −10
(14) 		−11
(12) 		−8
(18) 		−3
(27) 		2
(36) 		7
(45) 		10
(50) 		8
(46) 		5
(41) 		0
(32) 		−4
(25) 		−7
(19) 		−1
(30)
Record low °C (°F) −33.6
(−28.5) 		−33
(−27) 		−29.9
(−21.8) 		−24.7
(−12.5) 		−11.4
(11.5) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		−9.2
(15.4) 		−21.2
(−6.2) 		−26.4
(−15.5) 		−30
(−22) 		−33.6
(−28.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 24.7
(0.97) 		18.5
(0.73) 		19.9
(0.78) 		17.1
(0.67) 		25.5
(1.00) 		42.5
(1.67) 		57.2
(2.25) 		54.3
(2.14) 		37.7
(1.48) 		33.4
(1.31) 		23.6
(0.93) 		27.5
(1.08) 		381.9
(15.01)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 6 5 6 5 5 7 9 10 9 8 7 7 84
Source 1: yr.no/Norwegian Meteorological Institute[33]
Source 2: Weatheronline.co.uk[34]
Climate data for Lakselv (Banak) 1961-1990
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −6.5
(20.3) 		−5.5
(22.1) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		2.0
(35.6) 		7.3
(45.1) 		13.5
(56.3) 		16.9
(62.4) 		14.9
(58.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		3.4
(38.1) 		−1.3
(29.7) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		4.0
(39.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −10.0
(14.0) 		−9.1
(15.6) 		−6.1
(21.0) 		−1.3
(29.7) 		4.2
(39.6) 		9.4
(48.9) 		12.7
(54.9) 		11.3
(52.3) 		6.7
(44.1) 		1.1
(34.0) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		−8.0
(17.6) 		0.6
(33.1)
Average low °C (°F) −14.3
(6.3) 		−13.0
(8.6) 		−9.3
(15.3) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		0.8
(33.4) 		6.0
(42.8) 		9.2
(48.6) 		7.7
(45.9) 		3.6
(38.5) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−7.4
(18.7) 		−11.6
(11.1) 		−2.9
(26.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 21
(0.8) 		18
(0.7) 		15
(0.6) 		16
(0.6) 		18
(0.7) 		35
(1.4) 		55
(2.2) 		56
(2.2) 		36
(1.4) 		33
(1.3) 		22
(0.9) 		20
(0.8) 		345
(13.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 6.3 5.0 5.6 4.7 4.7 6.9 8.6 9.7 8.5 8.1 6.3 6.7 81.1
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[35]

Notable people

  • John Persen (1941–2014) a Norwegian composer, he grew up in Ráigeadja
  • Synnøve Persen (born 1950 in Beavgohpis) a Norwegian Sámi artist, author and activist
  • Ivar Thomassen (1954 in Russenes – 2016) a Norwegian folk singer, songwriter and jazz pianist
  • Arnljot Elgsæter (born 1944 in Kistrand) a physicist and academic
  • Kåre Olli (born 1959) a Sami Arbeiderparti politician

References

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  31. ^ "Lapland Bakes in 33°C Heatwave, Hottest Temperature in a Century".
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  34. ^ "Weatheronline climate robot (average high and low)".
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External links

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