Demographics of South Africa
Demographics of South Africa | |
---|---|
![]() South Africa population pyramid in 2020 | |
Population | 60 604 992 (2022 est.)[1] |
Density | 48.1/km2 |
Growth rate | 1.43%[2] |
Birth rate | 21 births/1,000 population (2018)[3] |
Death rate | 9 deaths/1,000 population (2018)[3] |
Life expectancy | 64.7 years (2019 est.) |
• male | 61.5 years (2019 est.) |
• female | 67.5 years (2019 est.) |
Fertility rate | 2.32 children born/woman (2019 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | 22.1 deaths/1,000 (2019 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 28.8% (2019 est.) |
15–64 years | 65.2% (2019 est.) |
65 and over | 6% (2019 est.) |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.99 male(s)/female (2010 est.) |
At birth | 1.02 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1 male(s)/female |
15–64 years | 1.02 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.68 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | South African |
Language | |
Official | See Languages of South Africa |
The population of South Africa is about 58.8 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions.[4][2] The South African National Census of 2011 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2022.[5]
In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total.[6] Reports[specify] suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million,[7] including some three million Zimbabweans.[8]
History
![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2022) |
Population
Censuses
1904-85 national census numbers
Bantustan demographics were removed from South African census data during Apartheid and for this reason official figures on the national population of the country during that period will be inaccurate.[9]
Year | Whites | Coloureds | Asians | Blacks | Total | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population (1,000 people) | % | Population (1,000 people) | % | Population (1,000 people) | % | Population (1,000 people) | % | Area included | |||||||
1904 | 1,117 | 21.59% | 445 | 8.60% | 122 | 2.36% | 3,490 | 67.45 | 5,174 | South Africa | |||||
1911 | 1,276 | 21.37% | 525 | 8.79% | 152 | 2.55% | 4,019 | 67.30 | 5,972 | South Africa | |||||
1921 | 1,521 | 21.96% | 545 | 7.87% | 163 | 2.35% | 4,697 | 67.82 | 6,926 | South Africa | |||||
1936 | 2,003 | 20.89% | 769 | 8.02% | 220 | 2.29% | 6,596 | 68.79 | 9,588 | South Africa | |||||
1946 | 2,372 | 20.78% | 928 | 8.13% | 285 | 2.50% | 7,830 | 68.59 | 11,415 | South Africa | |||||
1951 | 2,642 | 20.85% | 1,103 | 8.70% | 367 | 2.90% | 8,560 | 67.55 | 12,672 | South Africa | |||||
1960 | 3,088 | 19.30% | 1,509 | 9.43% | 477 | 2.98% | 10,928 | 68.29 | 16,002 | South Africa | |||||
1970 | 3,773 | 17.31% | 2,051 | 9.41% | 630 | 2.89% | 15,340 | 70.39 | 21,794 | South Africa | |||||
1970 | 3,759 | 20.52% | 2,039 | 11.13% | 630 | 3.44% | 11,891 | 64.91 | 18,319 | South Africa - excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, Ciskei | |||||
1980 | 4,221 | 20.53% | 2,459 | 11.96% | 748 | 3.64% | 13,135 | 63.88 | 20,563 | South Africa - excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda | |||||
1980 | 4,512 | 18.05% | 2,688 | 10.75% | 803 | 3.21% | 16,992 | 67.98 | 24,995 | South Africa - estimate | |||||
1985 | 4,569 | 19.54% | 2,833 | 12.11% | 821 | 3.51% | 15,163 | 64.84 | 23,386 | South Africa - excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, Ciskei | |||||
1985 | 4,837 | 17.46% | 2,396 | 8.65% | 879 | 3.17% | 19,052 | 68.77 | 27,704 | South Africa - estimate |
1904 Census
South African population figures for the 1904 Census.[10]
Colony Pop. Group
|
Cape Colony | Natal | Transvaal | Orange River Colony |
Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | 1,424,787 | 904,041 | 937,127 | 225,101 | 3,491,056 | 67.5% |
White | 579,741 | 97,109 | 297,277 | 142,690 | 1,116,805 | 21.6% |
Coloured | 395,034 | 6,686 | 24,226 | 19,282 | 445,228 | 8.6% |
Indian | 10,242 | 100,918 | 11,321 | 253 | 122,734 | 2.4% |
Total | 2,409,804 | 1,108,754 | 1,269,951 | 387,315 | 5,175,463 | 100.0% |
% of S. Africa | 46.6% | 21.4% | 24.5% | 7.5% | 100% |
1960 Census
Sources: Statesman's Year-Book 1967–1968;[11] Europa Year Book 1969[12]
Province Pop. Group
|
Cape of Good Hope |
Natal | Transvaal | Orange Free State |
Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | 3,011,080 | 2,199,920 | 4,633,378 | 1,083,886 | 10,928,264 | 68.3% |
White | 1,003,207 | 340,235 | 1,468,305 | 276,745 | 3,088,492 | 19.3% |
Coloured | 1,330,089 | 45,253 | 108,007 | 25,909 | 1,509,258 | 9.4% |
Indian | 18,477 | 394,854 | 63,787 | 7 | 477,125 | 3.0% |
Total | 5,362,853 | 2,980,262 | 6,273,477 | 1,386,547 | 16,003,139 | 100.0% |
% of S. Africa | 33.5% | 18.6% | 39.2% | 8.7% | 100.0% |
1996 Census
Source: The People of South Africa: Population Census, 1996[13]
Province Pop. Group
|
Eastern Cape | Free State | Gauteng | KwaZulu-Natal | Mpumalanga | Northern Cape | Northern Province | North West | Western Cape | Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | 5,448,495 | 2,223,940 | 5,147,444 | 6,880,652 | 2,497,834 | 278,633 | 4,765,255 | 3,058,686 | 826,691 | 31,127,631 | 76.7% |
White | 330,294 | 316,459 | 1,702,343 | 558,182 | 253,392 | 111,844 | 117,878 | 222,755 | 821,551 | 4,434,697 | 10.9% |
Coloured | 468,532 | 79,038 | 278,692 | 117,951 | 20,283 | 435,368 | 7,821 | 46,652 | 2,146,109 | 3,600,446 | 8.9% |
Indian/Asian | 19,356 | 2,805 | 161,289 | 790,813 | 13,083 | 2,268 | 5,510 | 10,097 | 40,376 | 1,045,596 | 2.6% |
Other | 35,849 | 11,262 | 58,654 | 69,423 | 16,120 | 12,208 | 32,904 | 16,635 | 122,148 | 375 204 | 0.9% |
Total | 6,302,525 | 2,633,504 | 7,348,423 | 8,417,021 | 2,800,711 | 840,321 | 4,929,368 | 3,354,825 | 3,956,875 | 40,583,573 | 100.0% |
% of S.A. | 15.5% | 6.5% | 18.1% | 20.7% | 6.9% | 2.1% | 12.1% | 8.3% | 9.7% | 100% |
2001 Census
Source: Statistics South Africa: Census 2001[14]
Province Pop. Group
|
Eastern Cape | Free State | Gauteng | KwaZulu-Natal | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | Northern Cape | North West | Western Cape | Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | 5,635,079 | 2,381,073 | 6,522,792 | 8,002,407 | 5,128,616 | 2,886,345 | 293,976 | 3,358,450 | 1,207,429 | 35,416,166 | 79.0% |
White | 304,506 | 238,791 | 1,758,398 | 483,448 | 126,276 | 203,244 | 102,042 | 244,035 | 832,901 | 4,293,640 | 9.6% |
Coloured | 478,807 | 83,193 | 337,974 | 141,887 | 10,163 | 22,158 | 424,389 | 56,959 | 2,438,976 | 3,994,505 | 8.9% |
Indian/Asian | 18,372 | 3,719 | 218,015 | 798,275 | 8,587 | 11,244 | 2,320 | 9,906 | 45,030 | 1,115,467 | 2.5% |
Total | 6,436,763 | 2,706,775 | 8,837,178 | 9,426,017 | 5,273,642 | 3,122,990 | 822,727 | 3,669,349 | 4,524,335 | 44,819,778 | 100.0% |
% of S.A. | 14.4% | 6.0% | 19.7% | 21.0% | 11.8% | 7.0% | 1.8% | 8.2% | 10.1% | 100% |
2011 Census
Source: Census 2011: Census in Brief[15]
Province Pop. Group
|
Eastern Cape | Free State | Gauteng | KwaZulu-Natal | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | Northern Cape | North West | Western Cape | Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | 5 660 230 | 2 405 533 | 9 493 684 | 8 912 921 | 5 224 754 | 3 662 219 | 576 986 | 3 152 063 | 1 912 547 | 41,000 938 | 79.2% |
Coloured | 541,850 | 83,844 | 423,594 | 141,376 | 14,415 | 36,611 | 461,899 | 71,409 | 2,840,404 | 4,615,401 | 8.9% |
White | 310,450 | 239,026 | 1,913,884 | 428,842 | 139,359 | 303,595 | 81,246 | 255,385 | 915,053 | 4,586,838 | 8.9% |
Indian/Asian | 27,929 | 10,398 | 356,574 | 756,991 | 17,881 | 27,917 | 7,827 | 20,652 | 60,761 | 1,286,930 | 2.5% |
Other | 21,595 | 6,790 | 84,527 | 27,170 | 8,459 | 9,597 | 17,903 | 10,444 | 93,969 | 280,454 | 0.5% |
Total | 6,562,053 | 2,745,590 | 12,272,263 | 10,267,300 | 5,404,868 | 4,039,939 | 1,145,861 | 3,669,349 | 5,822,734 | 51,770,560 | 100.0% |
% of S.A. | 12.7% | 5.3% | 23.7% | 19.8% | 10.4% | 7.8% | 2.2% | 7.1% | 11.2% | 100% |
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1 | 100,000 | — |
1000 | 300,000 | +0.11% |
1500 | 600,000 | +0.14% |
1600 | 700,000 | +0.15% |
1700 | 1,000,000 | +0.36% |
1820 | 1,550,000 | +0.37% |
1870 | 2,547,000 | +1.00% |
1904 | 5,175,463 | +2.11% |
1911 | 5,972,757 | +2.07% |
1913 | 6,153,000 | +1.50% |
1921 | 6,927,403 | +1.49% |
1936 | 9,587,863 | +2.19% |
1946 | 11,415,925 | +1.76% |
1950 | 13,683,162 | +4.63% |
1955 | 15,384,557 | +2.37% |
1960 | 17,396,367 | +2.49% |
1970 | 22,502,502 | +2.61% |
1980 | 29,077,143 | +2.60% |
1990 | 36,793,490 | +2.38% |
1995 | 41,426,810 | +2.40% |
2001 | 44,819,777 | +1.32% |
2007 | 48,502,063 | +1.32% |
2011 | 51,770,560 | +1.64% |
2016 | 55,653,654 | +1.46% |
Note: Population estimates (1 AD - 1870 AD) are deduced from quantitative macroeconomic historical calculations. 1 (est.), 1000 (est.), 1500 (est.), 1600 (est.), 1700 (est.), 1820 (est.), 1870 (est.), 1913,[16] 1904[10] 1904-1946,[17][18][19] 1950-2010,[20] 2001, 2011, 2015[21] |
UN population projections: 2019 to 2100
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
2019 | 58,558,000 | — |
2030 | 65,956,000 | +1.09% |
2050 | 75,518,000 | +0.68% |
2100 | 79,191,000 | +0.10% |
Source: United Nations Secretariat[22] |
Age and population estimates: 1950 to 2030
According to the 2019 revision of the United Nations Secretariat's World Population Prospects, South Africa's total population was 55,386,000 in 2015, compared to only 13,628,000 in 1950. In 2015, 29.3% of the people were children under the age of 15, 65.7% were between 15 and 64 years of age, and 5.0% were 65 or older.[23] All population estimates are rounded to the nearest thousand.
Year | Total population | Percentage under 15 years old |
Percentage 15 to 64 years old |
Percentage at least 65 years old |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 13,628,000 | 38.2 | 57.7 | 4.1 |
1955 | 15,207,000 | 39.5 | 56.5 | 3.9 |
1960 | 17,100,000 | 40.8 | 55.4 | 3.9 |
1965 | 19,385,000 | 41.9 | 54.3 | 3.8 |
1970 | 22,070,000 | 41.6 | 54.7 | 3.8 |
1975 | 25,195,000 | 41.2 | 55.0 | 3.8 |
1980 | 28,557,000 | 40.9 | 55.3 | 3.9 |
1985 | 32,679,000 | 40.8 | 55.4 | 3.9 |
1990 | 36,801,000 | 40.1 | 55.9 | 4.0 |
1995 | 41,436,000 | 37.3 | 58.4 | 4.3 |
2000 | 44,968,000 | 33.9 | 61.6 | 4.5 |
2005 | 47,881,000 | 30.9 | 64.5 | 4.6 |
2010 | 51,217,000 | 29.7 | 65.6 | 4.8 |
2015 | 55,386,000 | 29.3 | 65.7 | 5.0 |
2020 | 59,309,000 | 28.8 | 65.7 | 5.5 |
2025 | 62,803,000 | 27.4 | 66.5 | 6.1 |
2030 | 65,956,000 | 25.8 | 67.6 | 6.7 |
Vital statistics
Stats SA: From 2002 to present
The following statistics are obtained from the mid-year population estimates published by Stats SA:[24]
Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1,000) | Crude death rate (per 1,000) | Natural change (per 1,000) | Total fertility rates | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 46,355,083 | 983,092 | 596,983 | 386,109 | 21.2 | 12.9 | 8.7 | 2.45 |
2003 | 46,806,354 | 991,067 | 617,135 | 373,932 | 21.2 | 13.2 | 8.0 | 2.42 |
2004 | 47,310,050 | 1,057,881 | 645,841 | 412,040 | 22.4 | 13.7 | 8.7 | 2.54 |
2005 | 47,860,360 | 1,102,207 | 673,977 | 428,230 | 23.0 | 14.1 | 8.9 | 2.59 |
2006 | 48,446,414 | 1,137,157 | 696,827 | 440,330 | 23.5 | 14.4 | 9.1 | 2.63 |
2007 | 49,088,699 | 1,171,370 | 696,160 | 475,210 | 23.9 | 14.2 | 9.7 | 2.65 |
2008 | 49,794,560 | 1,196,958 | 686,582 | 510,376 | 24.0 | 13.8 | 10.2 | 2.66 |
2009 | 50,544,931 | 1,203,604 | 643,045 | 560,559 | 23.8 | 12.7 | 11.1 | 2.62 |
2010 | 51,328,662 | 1,203,967 | 603,347 | 600,620 | 23.5 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 2.58 |
2011 | 52,129,117 | 1,192,033 | 561,381 | 630,652 | 22.9 | 10.8 | 12.1 | 2.51 |
2012 | 52,930,356 | 1,184,320 | 544,956 | 639,364 | 22.4 | 10.3 | 12.1 | 2.46 |
2013 | 53,751,095 | 1,179,957 | 535,678 | 644,279 | 22.0 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 2.42 |
2014 | 54,574,401 | 1,177,893 | 521,005 | 656,888 | 21.6 | 9.5 | 12.1 | 2.39 |
2015 | 55,406,634 | 1,167,002 | 525,739 | 641,263 | 21.1 | 9.5 | 11.6 | 2.35 |
2016 | 56,252,336 | 1,145,354 | 517,030 | 628,324 | 20.4 | 9.2 | 11.2 | 2.29 |
2017 | 57,097,857 | 1,168,092 | 515,722 | 652,370 | 20.5 | 9.0 | 11.5 | 2.33 |
2018 | 57,939,226 | 1,182,107 | 516,635 | 665,472 | 20.4 | 8.9 | 11.5 | 2.35 |
2019 | 58,775,022 | 1,178,116 | 518,613 | 659,503 | 20.0 | 8.8 | 11.2 | 2.34 |
2020 | 59,622,350 | 1,173,943 | 519,865 | 654,078 | 19.7 | 8.7 | 11 | 2.33 |
2021 | 60,142,978 | 1,166,304 | 695,913 | 470,391 | 19.4 | 11.6 | 7.8 | 2.31 |
2022 | 60,604,992 | 1,175,776 | 663,075 | 512,701 | 19.5 | 11.0 | 8.5 | 2.34 |
United Nations estimates, 2019
The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[23] (Natural increase or decrease over a time period is the difference between that period's live births and deaths, before accounting for inward or outward migration.)
Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural Increase per year | Crude Birth Rate (per 1,000 per year) |
Crude Death Rate (per 1,000 per year) |
Natural Increase (per 1,000 per year) |
Total Fertility Rate (over av'ge woman's life) | Infant Mortality Rate (per 100,000 live births) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950–1955 | 606,600 | 292,400 | + 314,200 | 42.1 | 20.7 | + 21.8 | 6.05 | 134 |
1955–1960 | 669,400 | 293,800 | + 375,600 | 41.4 | 18.2 | + 23.3 | 6.05 | 121 |
1960–1965 | 740,200 | 304,600 | + 435,600 | 40.6 | 16.7 | + 23.9 | 6.00 | 112 |
1965–1970 | 810,600 | 313,600 | + 497,000 | 39.1 | 15.2 | + 24.0 | 5.80 | 103 |
1970–1975 | 896,000 | 315,400 | + 580,600 | 37.9 | 13.3 | + 24.6 | 5.50 | 89 |
1975–1980 | 967,400 | 309,800 | + 657,600 | 36.0 | 11.5 | + 24.5 | 5.05 | 71 |
1980–1985 | 1,099,200 | 311,000 | + 788,200 | 35.9 | 10.2 | + 25.7 | 4.90 | 56 |
1985–1990 | 1,147,400 | 299,400 | + 848,000 | 33.0 | 8.6 | + 24.4 | 4.40 | 46 |
1990–1995 | 1,074,600 | 318,000 | + 756,600 | 27.5 | 8.1 | + 19.3 | 3.51 | 41 |
1995–2000 | 1,026,600 | 448,000 | + 578,600 | 23.8 | 10.4 | + 13.4 | 2.88 | 47 |
2000–2005 | 1,051,600 | 626,800 | + 424,800 | 22.7 | 13.5 | + 9.2 | 2.61 | 54 |
2005–2010 | 1,166,200 | 671,400 | + 494,800 | 23.5 | 13.6 | + 10.0 | 2.62 | 48 |
2010–2015 | 1,207,200 | 557,200 | + 650,000 | 22.6 | 10.5 | + 12.2 | 2.55 | 33 |
2015–2020 | 1,185,000 | 546,000 | + 639,000 | 20.7 | 9.5 | + 11.1 | 2.41 | 27 |
2020–2025 | 1,159,600 | 573,200 | + 586,400 | 19.0 | 9.4 | + 9.6 | 2.31 | 24 |
2025–2030 | 1,143,400 | 604,400 | + 539,000 | 17.8 | 9.4 | + 8.4 | 2.22 | 21 |
Total Fertility Rate = average number of children over a woman's lifetime; Infant Mortality Rate per 100,000 live births |
Age and sex distribution
Age group | Male | Female percent | Female | Total | Percentage of RSA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
under 5 | 2,867,585 | 49.6% | 2,817,867 | 5,685,452 | 11.0% |
5–9 | 2,425,181 | 49.7% | 2,394,570 | 4,819,751 | 9.3% |
10–14 | 2,344,275 | 49.0% | 2,250,611 | 4,594,886 | 8.9% |
15–19 | 2,498,572 | 50.1% | 2,504,905 | 5,003,477 | 9.7% |
20–24 | 2,694,646 | 49.9% | 2,679,896 | 5,374,542 | 10.4% |
25–29 | 2,542,682 | 49.7% | 2,516,635 | 5,059,317 | 9.8% |
30–34 | 2,036,206 | 49.5% | 1,992,804 | 4,029,010 | 7.8% |
35–39 | 1,709,347 | 50.7% | 1,758,420 | 3,467,767 | 6.7% |
40–44 | 1,402,328 | 52.4% | 1,546,291 | 2,948,619 | 5.7% |
45–49 | 1,195,740 | 54.4% | 1,424,543 | 2,620,283 | 5.1% |
50–54 | 1,011,349 | 54.4% | 1,206,940 | 2,218,289 | 4.3% |
55–59 | 811,950 | 54.8% | 985,458 | 1,797,408 | 3.5% |
60–64 | 612,364 | 55.8% | 773,404 | 1,385,768 | 2.7% |
65–69 | 401,548 | 58.1% | 556,256 | 957,804 | 1.9% |
70–74 | 293,498 | 60.8% | 454,832 | 748,330 | 1.4% |
75–79 | 165,283 | 65.7% | 315,984 | 481,267 | 0.9% |
80–84 | 100,694 | 68.8% | 222,222 | 322,916 | 0.6% |
85-plus | 75,543 | 70.5% | 180,130 | 255,673 | 0.5% |
TOTAL | 25,188,791 | 51.3% | 26,581,769 | 51,770,560 | 100% |
Number of children 0–14 | Number of women 15–49 | Proportion | Fertility Rate |
---|---|---|---|
15,812,264 | 13,866,489 | 1.14 | 2.35 |
Age group | Population | Male | Female | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|
0–14 | 15,812,268 | 7,969,880 | 7,842,388 | 31.26 |
15–64 | 32,235,534 | 15,538,934 | 16,696,600 | 63.72 |
65+ | 2,538,955 | 1,006,222 | 1,532,733 | 5.02 |
Age and race distribution
Age distribution within each racial group
By generation
Age group | All races | % of All | Black African | % of Blacks | Coloured | % of Col'd | White | % of Whites | Indian or other Asian | % of Asians | Others | % of others |
0–14 | 15,100,089 | 29.2% | 12,702,324 | 31.0% | 1,311,811 | 28.4% | 771,187 | 16.8% | 258,602 | 20.1% | 56,164 | 20.0% |
15–64 | 33,904,479 | 65.5% | 26,502,329 | 64.6% | 3,085,684 | 66.9% | 3,165,965 | 68.9% | 939,379 | 73.0% | 211,126 | 75.3% |
65-plus | 2,765,992 | 5.3% | 1,796,285 | 4.4% | 217,906 | 4.7% | 649,686 | 14.2% | 88,949 | 6.9% | 13,164 | 4.7% |
All ages | 51,770,560 | 100% | 41,000,938 | (100%) | 4,615,401 | (100%) | 4,586,838 | (100%) | 1,286,930 | (100%) | 280,454 | (100%) |
% of SA | 100% | 79.20% | 8.92% | 8.86% | 2.49% | 0.54% |
By five-year cohorts
Racial composition of each age group in 2015 (estimates)
Age group | All races | % of All | Black | % of Blacks | Coloured | % of Col'd | White | % of Whites | Indian or other Asian | % of Asians |
0–14 | 16,612,043 | 30.23% | 14,244,663 | 32.21% | 1,288,601 | 26.66% | 789,492 | 17.41% | 289,285 | 21.24% |
15–64 | 35,465,499 | 64.53% | 28,170,797 | 63.69% | 3,299,771 | 68.28% | 3,026,475 | 66.75% | 968,649 | 71.12% |
65-plus | 2,879,378 | 5.24% | 1,812,535 | 4.10% | 244,544 | 5.06% | 718,041 | 15.84% | 104.068 | 7.64% |
All ages | 54,956,920 | 100% | 44,227,995 | (100%) | 4,832,916 | (100%) | 4,534,008 | (100%) | 1,362,002 | (100%) |
% of SA | 100% | 80.48% | 8.79% | 8.25% | 2.48% |
Age group | All races | % of All | Black African | % of Blacks | Coloured | % of Col'd | White | % of Whites | Indian or Asian | % of Asians |
under 5 | 5,936,350 | 10.80% | 5,156,508 | 11.66% | 426,156 | 8.82% | 254,978 | 5.62% | 98,708 | 7.25% |
5 to 9 | 5,537,225 | 10.08% | 4,746,115 | 10.73% | 430,666 | 8.91% | 263,378 | 5.81% | 97,065 | 7.13% |
10 to 14 | 5,138,468 | 9.35% | 4,342,040 | 9.82% | 431,779 | 8.93% | 271,136 | 5.98% | 93,512 | 6.87% |
15 to 19 | 5,124,373 | 9.32% | 4,292,220 | 9.70% | 437,412 | 9.05% | 295,733 | 6.52% | 99,007 | 7.27% |
20 to 24 | 5,302,246 | 9.65% | 4,461,515 | 10.09% | 426,013 | 8.81% | 306,415 | 6.76% | 108,304 | 7.95% |
25 to 29 | 5,232,254 | 9.52% | 4,437,570 | 10.03% | 389,429 | 8.06% | 287,485 | 6.34% | 117,771 | 8.65% |
30 to 34 | 4,307,693 | 7.84% | 3,535,173 | 7.99% | 366,955 | 7.59% | 281,358 | 6.21% | 124,206 | 9.12% |
35 to 39 | 3,774,921 | 6.87% | 3,001,989 | 6.79% | 376,488 | 7.79% | 279,439 | 6.16% | 117,005 | 8.59% |
40 to 44 | 3,204,952 | 5.83% | 2,444,972 | 5.53% | 368,886 | 7.63% | 288,370 | 6.36% | 102,725 | 7.54% |
45 to 49 | 2,738,580 | 4.98% | 2,004,009 | 4.53% | 307,363 | 6.36% | 335,434 | 7.40% | 91,774 | 6.74% |
50 to 54 | 2,297,586 | 4.18% | 1,619,249 | 3.66% | 264,593 | 5.47% | 332,977 | 7.34% | 80,767 | 5.93% |
55 to 59 | 1,942,942 | 3.54% | 1,334,800 | 3.02% | 209,933 | 4.34% | 328,999 | 7.26% | 69,210 | 5.08% |
60 to 64 | 1,539,953 | 2.80% | 1,039,301 | 2.35% | 152,698 | 3.16% | 290,075 | 6.40% | 57,879 | 4.25% |
65 to 69 | 1,153,159 | 2.10% | 737,581 | 1.67% | 105,403 | 2.18% | 265,818 | 5.86% | 44,357 | 3.26% |
70 to 74 | 805,114 | 1.46% | 511,723 | 1.16% | 65,465 | 1.35% | 198,876 | 4.39% | 28,949 | 2.13% |
75 to 79 | 502,005 | 0.91% | 313,800 | 0.71% | 41,978 | 0.87% | 128,675 | 2.84% | 17,552 | 1.29% |
80-plus | 419,100 | 0.76% | 249,431 | 0.56% | 31,698 | 0.66% | 124,672 | 2.75% | 13,210 | 0.97% |
All ages | 54,956,920 | 100% | 44,227,995 | (100%) | 4,832,916 | (100%) | 4,534,008 | (100%) | 1,362,002 | (100%) |
% of SA | 100% | 80.48% | 8.79% | 8.25% | 2.48% |
Age group | All races | Black African | % of age grp | Coloured | % of age grp | White | % of age grp | Indian or Asian | % of age grp |
under 5 | 5,936,350 | 5,156,508 | 86.86% | 426,156 | 7.18% | 254,978 | 4.30% | 98,708 | 1.66% |
5 to 9 | 5,537,225 | 4,746,115 | 85.71% | 430,666 | 7.78% | 263,378 | 4.76% | 97,065 | 1.75% |
10 to 14 | 5,138,468 | 4,342,040 | 84.50% | 431,779 | 8.40% | 271,136 | 5.28% | 93,512 | 1.82% |
15 to 19 | 5,124,373 | 4,292,220 | 83.76% | 437,412 | 8.54% | 295,733 | 5.77% | 99,007 | 1.93% |
20 to 24 | 5,302,246 | 4,461,515 | 84.14% | 426,013 | 8.03% | 306,415 | 5.78% | 108,304 | 2.04% |
25 to 29 | 5,232,254 | 4,437,570 | 84.81% | 389,429 | 7.44% | 287,485 | 5.49% | 117,771 | 2.25% |
30 to 34 | 4,307,693 | 3,535,173 | 82.07% | 366,955 | 8.52% | 281,358 | 6.53% | 124,206 | 2.88% |
35 to 39 | 3,774,921 | 3,001,989 | 79.52% | 376,488 | 9.97% | 279,439 | 7.40% | 117,005 | 3.10% |
40 to 44 | 3,204,952 | 2,444,972 | 76.29% | 368,886 | 11.51% | 288,370 | 9.00% | 102,725 | 3.21% |
45 to 49 | 2,738,580 | 2,004,009 | 73.18% | 307,363 | 11.22% | 335,434 | 12.25% | 91,774 | 3.35% |
50 to 54 | 2,297,586 | 1,619,249 | 70.48% | 264,593 | 11.52% | 332,977 | 14.49% | 80,767 | 3.52% |
55 to 59 | 1,942,942 | 1,334,800 | 68.70% | 209,933 | 10.80% | 328,999 | 16.93% | 69,210 | 3.56% |
60 to 64 | 1,539,953 | 1,039,301 | 67.49% | 152,698 | 9.92% | 290,075 | 18.84% | 57,879 | 3.76% |
65 to 69 | 1,153,159 | 737,581 | 63.96% | 105,403 | 9.14% | 265,818 | 23.05% | 44,357 | 3.85% |
70 to 74 | 805,114 | 511,723 | 63.56% | 65,465 | 8.13% | 198,876 | 24.70% | 28,949 | 3.60% |
75 to 79 | 502,005 | 313,800 | 62.51% | 41,978 | 8.36% | 128,675 | 25.63% | 17,552 | 3.50% |
80-plus | 419,100 | 249,431 | 59.52% | 31,698 | 7.56% | 124,672 | 29.75% | 13,210 | 3.15% |
All ages | 54,956,920 | 44,227,995 | 4,832,916 | 4,534,008 | 1,362,002 | ||||
% of SA | 80.48% | 8.79% | 8.25% | 2.48% |
Racial composition of each age group in 2020 (estimates)
Source:[25]
Age group | All races | % of All | Black African | % of Blacks | Coloured | % of Col'd | White | % of Whites | Indian or other Asian | % of Asians |
0–14 | 17,050,955 | 28.60% | 14,605,416 | 30.33% | 1,408,553 | 26.84% | 742,913 | 15.87% | 294,073 | 19.08% |
15–64 | 38,941,221 | 65.31% | 31,368,174 | 65.14% | 3,487,284 | 66.45% | 2,988,634 | 63.86% | 1,097,129 | 71.19% |
65-plus | 3,630,174 | 6.09% | 2,180,137 | 4.53% | 351,903 | 6.71% | 948,223 | 20.26% | 149,911 | 9.73% |
All ages | 59,622,350 | 100% | 48,153,727 | (100%) | 5,247,740 | (100%) | 4,679,770 | (100%) | 1,541,113 | (100%) |
% of SA | 100% | 80.76% | 8.80% | 7.85% | 2.58% |
Age group | All races | % of All | Black African | % of Blacks | Coloured | % of Col'd | White | % of Whites | Indian or Asian | % of Asians |
under 5 | 5,743,450 | 9.63% | 4,940,751 | 10.26% | 476,322 | 9.08% | 226,715 | 4.84% | 99,662 | 6.47% |
5 to 9 | 5,715,952 | 9.59% | 4,890,895 | 10.16% | 475,518 | 9.06% | 249,991 | 5.34% | 99,548 | 6.46% |
10 to 14 | 5,591,553 | 9.38% | 4,773,770 | 9.91% | 456,713 | 8.70% | 266,207 | 5.69% | 94,863 | 6.16% |
15 to 19 | 4,774,579 | 8.01% | 4,031,704 | 8.37% | 411,056 | 7.83% | 243,267 | 5.20% | 88,552 | 5.75% |
20 to 24 | 4,823,367 | 8.09% | 4,043,432 | 8.40% | 423,180 | 8.06% | 254,465 | 5.44% | 102,290 | 6.64% |
25 to 29 | 5,420,754 | 9.09% | 4,586,780 | 9.53% | 435,746 | 8.30% | 267,654 | 5.72% | 130,574 | 8.47% |
30 to 34 | 5,641,750 | 9.46% | 4,769,499 | 9.90% | 431,274 | 8.22% | 296,160 | 6.33% | 144,817 | 9.40% |
35 to 39 | 4,798,293 | 8.05% | 3,962,780 | 8.23% | 381,858 | 7.28% | 308,959 | 6.60% | 144,696 | 9.39% |
40 to 44 | 3,733,942 | 6.26% | 2,988,999 | 6.21% | 316,611 | 6.03% | 306,414 | 6.55% | 121,918 | 7.91% |
45 to 49 | 3,169,648 | 5.32% | 2,393,317 | 4.97% | 312,665 | 5.96% | 352,648 | 7.54% | 111,018 | 7.20% |
50 to 54 | 2,571,263 | 4.31% | 1,834,191 | 3.81% | 302,224 | 5.76% | 337,839 | 7.22% | 97,009 | 6.29% |
55 to 59 | 2,211,309 | 3.71% | 1,546,674 | 3.21% | 264,967 | 5.05% | 314,423 | 6.72% | 85,245 | 5.53% |
60 to 64 | 1,796,316 | 3.01% | 1,210,798 | 2.51% | 207,703 | 3.96% | 306,805 | 6.56% | 71,010 | 4.61% |
65 to 69 | 1,408,665 | 2.36% | 918,604 | 1.91% | 150,941 | 2.88% | 281,318 | 6.01% | 57,802 | 3.75% |
70 to 74 | 1,007,174 | 1.69% | 619,106 | 1.29% | 97,127 | 1.85% | 248,673 | 5.31% | 42,268 | 2.74% |
75 to 79 | 637,062 | 1.07% | 365,409 | 0.76% | 56,822 | 1.08% | 188,123 | 4.02% | 26,708 | 1.73% |
80-plus | 577,273 | 0.97% | 277,018 | 0.58% | 47,013 | 0.90% | 230,109 | 4.92% | 23,133 | 1.50% |
All ages | 59,622,350 | 100% | 48,153,727 | (100%) | 5,247,740 | (100%) | 4,679,770 | (100%) | 1,541,113 | (100%) |
% of SA | 100% | 80.76% | 8.80% | 7.85% | 2.58% |
Age group | All races | Black African | % of age grp | Coloured | % of age grp | White | % of age grp | Indian or Asian | % of age grp |
under 5 | 5,743,450 | 4,940,751 | 86.02% | 476,322 | 8.29% | 226,715 | 3.95% | 99,662 | 1.74% |
5 to 9 | 5,715,952 | 4,890,895 | 85.57% | 475,518 | 8.32% | 249,991 | 4.37% | 99,548 | 1.74% |
10 to 14 | 5,591,553 | 4,773,770 | 85.37% | 456,713 | 8.17% | 266,207 | 4.76% | 94,863 | 1.70% |
15 to 19 | 4,774,579 | 4,031,704 | 84.44% | 411,056 | 8.61% | 243,267 | 5.10% | 88,552 | 1.85% |
20 to 24 | 4,823,367 | 4,043,432 | 83.83% | 423,180 | 8.77% | 254,465 | 5.28% | 102,290 | 2.12% |
25 to 29 | 5,420,754 | 4,586,780 | 84.62% | 435,746 | 8.04% | 267,654 | 4.94% | 130,574 | 2.41% |
30 to 34 | 5,641,750 | 4,769,499 | 84.54% | 431,274 | 7.64% | 296,160 | 5.25% | 144,817 | 2.57% |
35 to 39 | 4,798,293 | 3,962,780 | 82.59% | 381,858 | 7.96% | 308,959 | 6.44% | 144,696 | 3.02% |
40 to 44 | 3,733,942 | 2,988,999 | 80.05% | 316,611 | 8.48% | 306,414 | 8.21% | 121,918 | 3.27% |
45 to 49 | 3,169,648 | 2,393,317 | 75.51% | 312,665 | 9.86% | 352,648 | 11.13% | 111,018 | 3.50% |
50 to 54 | 2,571,263 | 1,834,191 | 71.33% | 302,224 | 11.75% | 337,839 | 13.14% | 97,009 | 3.77% |
55 to 59 | 2,211,309 | 1,546,674 | 69.94% | 264,967 | 11.98% | 314,423 | 14.22% | 85,245 | 3.85% |
60 to 64 | 1,796,316 | 1,210,798 | 67.40% | 207,703 | 11.56% | 306,805 | 17.08% | 71,010 | 3.95% |
65 to 69 | 1,408,665 | 918,604 | 65.21% | 150,941 | 10.72% | 281,318 | 19.97% | 57,802 | 4.10% |
70 to 74 | 1,007,174 | 619,106 | 61.47% | 97,127 | 9.64% | 248,673 | 24.69% | 42,268 | 4.20% |
75 to 79 | 637,062 | 365,409 | 57.36% | 56,822 | 8.92% | 188,123 | 29.53% | 26,708 | 4.19% |
80-plus | 577,273 | 277,018 | 47.99% | 47,013 | 8.14% | 230,109 | 39.86% | 23,133 | 4.01% |
All ages | 59,622,350 | 48,153,727 | 5,247,740 | 4,679,770 | 1,541,113 | ||||
% of SA | 80.76% | 8.80% | 7.85% | 2.58% |
Fertility rate (The Demographic Health Survey)
Fertility rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):[26]
Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 | 21.90 | 2.90 (2.3) | 19.2 | 2.25 (1.8) | 25.4 | 3.92 (2.9) |
2016 | 22.3 | 2.6 (2.0) | 21.9 | 2.4 (1.9) | 23.1 | 3.1 (2.4) |
Fertility rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) by ethnic group.
Year | Total | Black African | White | Coloured | Indian/Asian |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 | 2.9 (2.3) | 3.1 (2.4) | 1.9 (1.5) | 2.5 (2.1) | |
2016 | 2.6 (2.0) | 2.7 (2.1) | 1.5 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.9) | 1.7 (1.6) |
Life expectancy
Life expectancy from 1950 to 2020 (UN World Population Prospects):[27]
Period | Life expectancy (years) |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 48.5 |
1955–1960 | ![]() |
1960–1965 | ![]() |
1965–1970 | ![]() |
1970–1975 | ![]() |
1975–1980 | ![]() |
1980–1985 | ![]() |
1985–1990 | ![]() |
1990–1995 | ![]() |
1995–2000 | ![]() |
2000–2005 | ![]() |
2005–2010 | ![]() |
2010–2015 | ![]() |
2015–2020 | ![]() |
Ethnic groups
Statistics South Africa asks people to describe themselves in the census in terms of five racial population groups.[28] The 2011 census figures for these groups were Black African at 80.2%, White at 8.4%, Coloured at 8.8%, Indian/Asian at 2.5%, and Other/Unspecified at 0.5%.[29]
The white percentage of the population has sharply declined. The first census in South Africa in 1911 showed that whites made up 22% of the population. This declined to 16% in 1980,[30] and 8.9% in 2011.[31]: 21
Languages
South Africa has eleven official languages:[32] isiZulu[29] 22.7%, isiXhosa[29] 16%, Afrikaans[29] 13.5%, English[29] 9.6%, Sepedi[29] 9.1%, Setswana[29] 8%, Sesotho[29] 7.6%, Xitsonga[29] 4.5%, siSwati[29] 2.5%, Tshivenda[29] 2.4% and isiNdebele[29] 2.1%.
In this regard, it is third only to Bolivia and India in number. While all the languages are formally equal, some languages are spoken more than others. According to the 2011 census, the three most spoken first languages are Zulu (22.7%), Xhosa (16.0%), and Afrikaans (13.5%).[31]: 23–25 Despite the fact that English is recognised as the language of commerce and science, it ranked fourth, and was spoken by only 9.6% of South Africans as a first language in 2011.[31]: 23–25
The country also recognises several unofficial languages, including Sekholokoe, Fanagalo, Khwe, Lobedu, Nama, Northern Ndebele, Phuthi, San and South African Sign Language.[33] These unofficial languages may be used in certain official uses in limited areas where it has been determined that these languages are prevalent. Nevertheless, their populations are not such that they require nationwide recognition.
Many of the "unofficial languages" of the San and Khoikhoi people contain regional dialects stretching northwards into Namibia and Botswana, and elsewhere. These people, who are a physically distinct population from other Africans, have their own cultural identity based on their hunter-gatherer societies. They have been marginalised to a great extent, and many of their languages are in danger of becoming extinct.
Many white South Africans also speak other European languages, such as Portuguese (also spoken by black Angolans and Mozambicans), German, and Greek, while some Indians and other Asians in South Africa speak South Asian languages, such as Tamil, Hindi, Gujarati, Urdu and Telugu. Although many South Africans are of Huguenot (French) origin, South African French is spoken by fewer than 10,000 individuals country-wide. Congolese French is also spoken in South Africa by migrants.
The primary sign language of deaf South Africans is South African Sign Language. Other sign languages among indigenous peoples are also used.
By ethnicity
In 2011, the first language was Zulu for 28.1% of South African residents, Xhosa for 19.8%, Northern Sotho for 11.2%, Tswana for 9.7%, Sesotho for 9.3%, Tsonga for 5.5%, siSwati for 3.1%, Venda for 2.9%, English for 2.8%, Southern Ndebele for 2.6%, Afrikaans for 1.5%, while 3.4% had another first language.[34]
Among whites, Afrikaans was the first language for 59.1% of the population, compared to 35.0% for English. Other languages accounted for the remaining 5.9%.[34]
Religion
![]() | This section needs to be updated.(September 2020) |
Religion in South Africa (2016)[35]
According to the 2001 national census, Christians accounted for 79.7% of the population. This includes Protestant (36.6%), Zionist Christian (11.1%), Pentecostal/Charismatic (8.2%), Roman Catholic (7.1%), Methodist (6.8%), Dutch Reformed (6.7%), Anglican (3.8%); members of other Christian churches accounted for another 36% of the population. Muslims accounted for 1.5% of the population, Other 2.3%, and 1.4% were Unspecified and None 15.1%.[29]
African Indigenous Churches made up the largest of the Christian groups. Some believe that many people claiming no affiliation with any organised religion adhered to traditional indigenous religions. Many people have syncretic religious practices combining Christian and indigenous influences.[36]
Muslims are largely found among the Coloured and Indian ethnic groups. They have been joined by black or white South African converts as well as immigrants from other parts of Africa.[37] South African Muslims claim that their faith is the fastest-growing religion of conversion in the country, with the number of black Muslims growing sixfold, from 12,000 in 1991 to 74,700 in 2004[37][38]
The Hindu population has its roots in the British colonial period, but later waves of immigration from India have also contributed to it. Most Hindus are of South Asian origin, but there are many who come from mixed racial stock. Some are converts due to the efforts of ISKCON.
Other minority religions in South Africa are Sikhism, Jainism, Baháʼí Faith and Judaism.[39]
By ethnicity
87.9% of Black residents are Christian, 9.5% have no religion, 0.2% are Muslim, 0.0% are Jewish, 1.22% are Hindu and 2.3% have other or undetermined beliefs.
71.8% of White residents are Christian, 23.8% have no religion, 0.2% are Muslim, 1.4% are Jewish, and 0.0% are Hindu. 2.7% have other or undetermined beliefs.
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.[40]
- One birth every 27 seconds
- One death every 56 seconds
- One net migrant every 4 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 44 seconds
The following demographics are from the CIA World Factbook[41] unless otherwise indicated.
Population
- 57,516,665 (2022 est.)
- 55,380,210 (July 2018 est.)
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 27.94% (male 7,894,742/female 7,883,266)
- 15-24 years: 16.8% (male 4,680,587/female 4,804,337)
- 25-54 years: 42.37% (male 12,099,441/female 11,825,193)
- 55-64 years: 6.8% (male 1,782,902/female 2,056,988)
- 65 years and over: 6.09% (2020 est.) (male 1,443,956/female 1,992,205)
- 0-14 years: 28.18% (male 7,815,651 /female 7,793,261)
- 15-24 years: 17.24% (male 4,711,480 /female 4,837,897)
- 25-54 years: 42.05% (male 11,782,848 /female 11,503,831)
- 55-64 years: 6.71% (male 1,725,034 /female 1,992,035)
- 65 years and over: 5.81% (male 1,351,991 /female 1,866,182) (2018 est.)
Religions
Christian 86%, ancestral, tribal, animist, or other traditional African religions 5.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other 1.5%, nothing in particular 5.2% (2015 est.)
Birth rate
- 18.56 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 77th
- 19.9 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 78th
Death rate
- 9.26 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 52nd
- 9.3 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 57th
Total fertility rate
- 2.18 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 90th
- 2.26 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st
Population growth rate
- 0.93% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 103rd
- 0.97% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 114th
Median age
- total: 28 years. Country comparison to the world: 142nd
- male: 27.9 years
- female: 28.1 years (2020 est.)
- total: 27.4 years. Country comparison to the world: 144th
- male: 27.2 years
- female: 27.6 years (2018 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
- 54.6% (2016)
Net migration rate
- 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 98th
- -0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 138th
Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 52.5 (2015 est.)
- youth dependency ratio: 44.8 (2015 est.)
- elderly dependency ratio: 7.7 (2015 est.)
- potential support ratio: 12.9 (2015 est.)
Urbanization
- urban population: 68.3% of total population (2022)
- rate of urbanization: 1.72% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- urban population: 66.4% of total population (2018)
- rate of urbanization: 1.97% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 65.32 years. Country comparison to the world: 202nd
- male: 63.99 years
- female: 66.68 years (2022 est.)
- total population: 64.1 years (2018 est.)
Major infectious diseases
- degree of risk: intermediate (2020)
- food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
- water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
note: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 6 June 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,968,205 cases of COVID-19 or 6,690.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,317 cumulative deaths or a rate of 170.83 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 36.33% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine
Ethnic groups
- Black African 80.9%, Colored 8.8%, White 7.8%, Indian/Asian 2.6% (2021 est.)
- note: Colored is a term used in South Africa, including on the national census, for persons of mixed race ancestry who developed a distinct cultural identity over several hundred years
Languages
- isiZulu (official) 24.7%, isiXhosa (official) 15.6%, Afrikaans (official) 12.1%, Sepedi (official) 9.8%, Setswana (official) 8.9%, English (official) 8.4%, Sesotho (official) 8%, Xitsonga (official) 4%, siSwati (official) 2.6%, Tshivenda (official) 2.5%, Khoi, Nama, and San languages 1.9% isiNdebele (official) 1.6% (2017 est.)
- note: data represent language spoken most often at home
Education expenditures
- 6.8% of GDP (2020) Country comparison to the world: 22nd
- 6.1% of GDP (2017) Country comparison to the world: 34th
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
- total population: 95%
- male: 95.5%
- female: 94.5% (2019)
- total population: 94.4%
- male: 95.4%
- female: 95.4% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 14 years
- male: 13 years
- female: 14 years (2019)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
- total: 59.4%
- male: 55.4%
- female: 64.1% (2020 est.)
Immigration
South Africa hosts a sizeable refugee and asylum seeker population. According to the World Refugee Survey 2008, published by the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, this population numbered approximately 144,700 in 2007.[42] Groups of refugees and asylum seekers numbering over 10,000 included people from Zimbabwe (48,400), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (24,800), and Somalia (12,900).[42] These populations mainly lived in Johannesburg, Pretoria, Durban, Cape Town, and Port Elizabeth.[42] Many refugees have now also started to work and live in rural areas in provinces such as Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal.
Statistics SA assumes in some of their calculations that there are fewer than 2 million immigrants in South Africa.[43] Other institutions, like the police and Médecins Sans Frontières place estimate the figure at 4 million.[44][45][46][47][48]
Immigration figures
Immigration assumptions by Statistics South Africa to South Africa based on race. Negative numbers represent net migration from South Africa to other countries.[49]
Year | African | Asian | White |
---|---|---|---|
1985-2000 | 1 135 275 | 14 476 | -304 112 |
2001-2005 | 769 038 | 23 335 | -133 782 |
2006-2010 | 922 885 | 34 688 | -112 046 |
2011-2015 | 1 067 936 | 40 929 | -95 158 |
Urbanization
"Urban areas contain about two-thirds of the population; many of these consist of huge informal or squatter settlements."[50]
Graphs and maps
See also
- Statistics South Africa
- South African National Census of 2001
- South African National Census of 2011
- Afrikaans-speaking population of South Africa
- Jewish population of South Africa
- Ethnic groups in South Africa by municipality
References
- ^ "Mid-year population estimates 2022" (PDF). stats sa. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
- ^ a b "Mid - year population estimates" (PDF). Stats SA. Statistics South Africa. 23 July 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- ^ a b "World Development Indicators | The World Bank". wdi.worldbank.org. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
- ^ Africa, Statistics South. "SA population reaches 58,8 million | Statistics South Africa". Archived from the original on 1 February 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
- ^ "Census 2021 New Methodologies Test". Statistics South Africa (Stats SA). 20 July 2018. Archived from the original on 4 August 2018.
- ^ "Table 3.5, Statistical release (Revised) P0301.4, Census 2011" (PDF). Statssa.gov.za. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ "Nowhere left to go". The Economist. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- ^ "Escape From Mugabe: Zimbabwe's Exodus". Archived from the original on 24 January 2016.
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Others pointed out that the repeal of the Population Registration Act in 1991 removed any legal basis for specifying 'race'. The Identification Act of 1997 makes no mention of race. On the other hand, the Employment Equity Act speaks of 'designated groups' being 'black people, women and people with disabilities'. The Act defines 'black' as referring to 'Africans, coloureds and Indians'. Apartheid and the racial identification which underpinned it explicitly linked race with differential access to resources and power. If the post-apartheid order was committed to remedying this, race would have to be included in surveys and censuses, so that progress in eradicating the consequences of apartheid could be measured and monitored. This was the reasoning that led to a 'self-identifying' question about 'race' or 'population group' in both the 1996 and 2001 population censuses, and in Statistics SA's household survey programme.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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Further reading
- Alexander, Mary (30 June 2006). "Black, white – or South African?". SAinfo. Archived from the original on 4 July 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
- "A Nation in the Making: A Discussion Document on Macro-Social Trends in South Africa" (PDF). Government of South Africa. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 July 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
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