Naturalism

Naturalism may refer to:

The arts

• Realism (arts), naturalism in the arts
• Naturalism (literature), a style in fictional writing
• Naturalism (theatre), a movement in theatre and drama

Philosophy and science

• Naturalism (philosophy) is any of several philosophical stances wherein all phenomena or hypotheses commonly labeled as supernatural are either false or not inherently different from natural phenomena or hypotheses.
  • Critical naturalism
  • Methodological naturalism, naturalism that holds that science is to be done without reference to supernatural causes; also refers to a methodological assumption in the philosophy of religion that observable events are fully explainable by natural causes without reference to the supernatural
  • Metaphysical naturalism, a form of naturalism that holds that the cosmos consists only of objects studied by the natural sciences, and does not include any immaterial or intentional realities
• Ethical naturalism, the theory that ethical terms can be defined in non-ethical terms, namely, descriptive terms mainly from the natural sciences
• Humanistic naturalism emphasises scientific reasoning as a basis for humane behavior
• Liberal naturalism, a heterodox form of naturalism in the conceptual space between scientific naturalism and supernaturalism
• Naturalistic observation is an empirical method of study by which the researcher introduces no outside stimulus, instead witnessing behavior as it naturally occurs in the environment
• Poetic naturalism, an approach to naturalism which allows for there to be many useful ways of talking about the natural world, dependent upon the subject's frame of reference.
• Political naturalism is a politic and legal system based on the belief in the existence of a fair natural law
• Religious naturalism, religious institutions, rituals, doctrines and communities which do not include supernatural beliefs
• Sociological naturalism is the view that the natural world and the social world are roughly identical and governed by similar principles
• Spiritual naturalism, an approach to spirituality that is devoid of supernaturalism

Other

• Naturalism (horse), a racehorse

See also

• All pages with titles beginning with Naturalism
• Naturalness (disambiguation)
• Natural history, a domain of inquiry involving organisms
• Naturalistic fallacy, appealing to a definition of the term "good" in terms of one or more natural properties
• Naturism, the practice of social nudity, often confused with the term "naturalism"
• Naturalist, a person who studies natural history