Marrellomorpha

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Marrellomorpha
Temporal range: Middle Cambrian–Lower Devonian
Marrella splendens (Burgess Shale Formation, Middle Cambrian; Walcott Quarry, above Field, British Columbia, Canada).jpg
Fossil of Marrella from the Burgess Shale
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: †Marrellomorpha
Beurlen, 1930
Subgroups

See text

Marrellomorpha are an extinct group of arthropods known from the Cambrian to the Early Devonian.[1] They lacked mineralised hard parts, so are only known from areas of exceptional preservation, limiting their fossil distribution. The best known member is Marrella, with thousands of specimens found in the Cambrian aged Burgess Shale of Canada. The group is divided up into two major orders, Marrellida and Acercostraca. Marrellida is recognised by the possession of head shields with two or three pairs of elongate spine-like projections, and three pairs of uniramous appendages on the cephalon, while Acercostraca generally have large ovoid carapaces that cover the entire upper half of the body, and five pairs of uniramous cephalic appendages. Both groups have unbranched antennules and a segmented trunk with biramous appendages.[2] Recent research has suggested the previously enigmatic Cambrian trliobite-like arthropods Skania and Primicaris may belong to this group.[3][2] Their phylogenetic position is uncertain, various studies have alternatively placed them within in the Arachnomorpha as relatives of Artiopoda (trilobites and kin), as stem-group Mandibulata, or as stem group euarthropods.[2]

Taxonomy

After Moysiuk et al, 2022.[2]

Fragmentary taxa assigned to Marrelomorpha include Austromarrella from Cambrian Series 3 aged deposits in Australia,[4] and Dyrnwynia from the Ordovician (Darriwilian) aged Llanfallteg Formation of Wales, which in its original description was assigned to Marrelida.[5]

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Rak, Š. P. N. (2011). "A revision of the Late Ordovician marellomorph arthropod Furca bohemica from Czech Republic". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.2011.0038.
  2. ^ a b c d Moysiuk, Joseph; Izquierdo-López, Alejandro; Kampouris, George E.; Caron, Jean-Bernard (July 2022). "A new marrellomorph arthropod from southern Ontario: a rare case of soft-tissue preservation on a Late Ordovician open marine shelf". Journal of Paleontology. 96 (4): 859–874. doi:10.1017/jpa.2022.11. ISSN 0022-3360.
  3. ^ Legg, D.A. (2015-09-30). "The morphology and affinities of Skania fragilis (Arthropoda) from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale". Bulletin of Geosciences: 509–518. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1532. ISSN 1802-8225.
  4. ^ Haug, Joachim (2012). "A new link between Orsten-type assemblages and the Burgess Shale—a Marrella-like arthropod from the Cambrian of Australia". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.2011.0120.
  5. ^ Legg, David (2016). "A new marrellid arthropod from the Ordovician of Wales". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61. doi:10.4202/app.00246.2016. ISSN 0567-7920.

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