List of United States wireless communications service providers

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This is a list of United States wireless communications service providers. The Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association (CTIA), lists approximately 30 facilities-based wireless service providers in the United States as members. Competitive Carriers Association (CCA) has over 100 members.[1] Aside from the facilities-based providers, there are over 50 virtual operators that use the top four networks to provide service.

Largest U.S. wireless providers

See also: List of mobile network operators of the Americas § United States

The big three wireless telecommunications facilities-based service providers by subscriber count in the United States are:

Each active SIM card is considered a subscriber.[5] Wholesale customers include users of machine to machine networks and mobile virtual network operators that operate on the host network, but are managed by wholesale partners. The counts above were taken from each provider’s quarterly reports. Starting with Q2 2020, the three top carriers no longer report wholesale subscriber count. AT&T also does not include "connected devices" count, however it is not known if Verizon or T-Mobile include these devices. As such, it is possible that the ranking above could be inaccurate.

Technologies used

The top 3 wireless providers have all standardized on 4G LTE as their wireless communication standard, which has been deployed across the entire coverage area; however, the LTE bands used by each provider remain largely incompatible. All 3 wireless providers also maintain legacy networks; of these, AT&T and T-Mobile use GSM and 3G UMTS (mostly converted to 4G HSPA+), while Verizon, Sprint (now a subsidiary of T-Mobile), and U.S. Cellular use cdmaOne/EV-DO/1xRTT. However, Verizon is in the process of shutting down their non-LTE networks. Their 1X and EV-DO networks are currently supported, but will be discontinued on December 31, 2022. On December 31, 2020, Verizon will no longer allow phones that don’t support VoLTE to be activated on their network (tablets and hotspots can still be activated as long as they support LTE). While the top 3 wireless providers operate nationwide wireless networks which cover most of the population in the United States, U.S. Cellular and other smaller carriers provide native network coverage across selected regions of the United States while supplementing nationwide coverage through roaming agreements with other carriers.

As of 2016, all operators have adopted LTE. Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile, and Sprint sell SIM cards through their retail channels, both in-store and online; however, the selection of devices compatible with Verizon and Sprint networks is limited.[6] All carriers have enabled VoLTE on their networks.

AT&T shut down its 2G GSM network on December 31, 2016.[7] T-Mobile plans to reduce spectrum allocated for GSM and use the network mostly for nomadic and non-mobile GSM services[8] through 2020.[9] Verizon introduced their first LTE-only phone, LG Exalt LTE, in June 2017.[10]

Facilities-based service providers

See also: List of United States mobile virtual network operators

The following tables lists service providers that own and manage their network equipment and facilities. Unless specified otherwise the subscriber count includes subscribers on the virtual networks hosted.

Contiguous US and Hawaii

Operator Voice technology Data technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Coverage
(excluding roaming)		 Ownership
Appalachian Wireless[11] CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.138[12] (February 2021) KY, WV East Kentucky Network, LLC
AT&T Mobility
•Includes Cricket Wireless 		VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling LTE, NR 101.8[4] (Q2 2022) Contiguous US; AK, HI AT&T Inc.
Big River Broadband LTE Unknown MO Big River Telephone
Bravado Wireless
•Former Sprocket Wireless		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown OK Cross Communications
Bug Tussel Wireless
wholesale roaming provider		 UMTS HSPA+, LTE Unknown WI Bug Tussel Wireless, LLC
C Spire CDMA2000, VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling EV-DO, LTE, NR 1.2[13] (May 2016) MS, TN, FL, AL, Telapex, Inc.
Carolina West Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.08 (April 2013)[14] NC Carolina West Wireless, Inc.
Cellcom CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.3[15] (July 2013) WI NSight Telservices
Cellular One GSM, UMTS, wholesale CDMA2000[16] EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown TX, LA Alta Communications
Cellular One of North East Arizona GSM, UMTS, VoLTE EDGE, HSPA+, LTE, LTE CSFB 0.1[12] (July 2018) AZ, NM, UT, CO, CA, TX Smith Bagley Inc.
Chariton Valley Wireless
•Being acquired by Verizon Wireless[17]		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown MO Chariton Valley Telephone Company
Chat Mobility CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown IA RSA 1 and Iowa RSA No. 2 Limited Partnership
Choice Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown NV, CO, AZ, NM, VI Atlantic Tele-Network
Colorado Valley Communications LTE Unknown TX Colorado Valley Telephone Coop
Commnet Wireless (wholesale) CDMA2000, GSM EV-DO, EDGE, UMTS, LTE Unknown AZ, CO, MT, NM, NV, TX, UT, WY Atlantic Tele-Network
Custer Telephone Cooperative CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown ID Custer Telephone Cooperative, Inc
Dish Wireless
•Includes Boost Mobile, Ting Mobile, Republic Wireless, and Gen Mobile 		Uses AT&T Mobility and T-Mobile US as MVNO until own network is complete, will use Voice over NR[18] Uses AT&T Mobility and T-Mobile US as MVNO until own network is complete, will use Standalone NR[18] 7.9[19] (Q2 2022) Contiguous US Dish Network Corporation
DTC Wireless LTE Unknown TN Advantage Cellular Systems, Inc.
ETC
Enhanced Telecommunication Corporation		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown IN Miles Communications
Evolve Broadband LTE Unknown TX Worldcall Interconnect Inc.
FTC Wireless UMTS HSPA+, LTE[20] Unknown SC Farmers Telephone Cooperative Inc.
Illinois Valley Cellular CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown IL Illinois Valley Cellular RSA 2-III Partnership
Indigo Wireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown PA Indigo Wireless
Infrastructure Networks LTE Unknown TX, ND Infrastructure Networks, Inc.
Inland Cellular CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.013[21](July 2013) WA, ID Inland Cellular
Lexvor Wireless VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling
(legacy: CDMA2000[22]) 		LTE, NR
(legacy: EV-DO[22]) 		Unknown US Lexvor Inc.
Limitless Mobile UMTS HSPA+, LTE Unknown PA Limitless Mobile, LLC
Mobi CDMA2000, VoLTE EV-DO, LTE Unknown HI Mobi, Inc.
Nemont
•Includes Sagebrush Cellular		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.012[23] MT, ND Nemont Telephone Cooperative
Nex-Tech Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown KS Nex-Tech
NNTC Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO Unknown CO Nucla Naturita Telephone Company
NorthwestCell CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown MO NorthwestCell
NVC CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.01 SD James Valley Telecommunications
Patriot Mobile
Pine Belt Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown AL Pine Belt Communications
Pine Cellular GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown OK Pine Cellular, Inc
Pioneer Cellular CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.06[12] (January 2014) OK, KS Pioneer Cellular
PTCI GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown OK Panhandle Telecommunication Systems, Inc
Redzone Wireless LTE Unknown ME Redzone Wireless, LLC
Rock Wireless UMTS HSPA+, LTE[24] Unknown ND, SD Standing Rock Telecom (Tribally Owned)
RTC Communications VoLTE LTE Unknown IN RTC Communications, LLC
Silver Star Communications CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown WY Silver Star Telephone Company, Inc
Snake River PCS CDMA2000 EV-DO Unknown OR Eagle Telephone System
Southern Linc VoLTE LTE 0.17[25] (April 2011) AL, GA, MS, FL Southern Company
STRATA Networks CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown UT, WY, CO Uintah Basin Electronics Telecommunications, Inc.
Tampnet GSM EDGE, LTE Unknown Gulf of Mexico Tampnet
T-Mobile US
 GSM, cdmaOne, CDMA2000, UMTS, VoLTE, Voice over NR,[26] Wi-Fi calling EDGE, 1xRTT, 1X Advanced, EV-DO Rev 0, Rev A, HSPA+, LTE, NR 110.0[3] (Q2 2022) Contiguous US; HI, PR, VI Deutsche Telekom AG (48%)
SoftBank Group Corporation (4%)
free float (48%)[27]
Thumb Cellular CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.037 MI Agri-Valley Communications
Triangle Mobile
•Being acquired by Verizon Wireless[28]		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown MT Triangle Telephone Cooperative Association, Inc.
Union Wireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE 0.041[23] WY, CO Union Telephone
United Wireless
•Includes Westlink Communications 		CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.022[29] (Sep 2016) KS United Wireless Communications, Inc.
U.S. Cellular CDMA2000, VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling EV-DO, LTE, NR 4.8[30] (Q2 2022) 23 states Telephone and Data Systems Inc. (84%)
Verizon Wireless
•Includes TracFone, Net10 Wireless, SafeLink, Straight Talk, Page Plus Cellular, GoSmart Mobile, Simple Mobile, Walmart Family Mobile, Total by Verizon, and Visible 		VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling
(legacy: CDMA2000[22])		 LTE, NR
(legacy: EV-DO[22])		 142.8[2] (Q2 2022) Contiguous US; AK, HI Verizon Communications Inc.
Viaero Wireless GSM, UMTS, VoLTE EDGE, HSPA+, LTE 0.110[23] CO, KS, NE, SD, WY Northeast Colorado Cellular, Inc.
VTel LTE Unknown VT Vermont Telephone Company, Inc.
West Central Wireless
•Including Right Wireless and Five Star Wireless		 GSM, UMTS, VoLTE EDGE, HSPA+, LTE 0.04[31] (November 2012) TX Central Texas Telephone Cooperative, Inc.
WUE LTE Unknown NV Wue, Inc.
Northern Pacific Wireless Wi-Fi calling, VoEX 802.11EX Hybrid Data Transfer Unknown CA NorthenPW LLC.

Alaska

Operator Voice technology Data technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Coverage
(excluding roaming)		 Ownership
ASTAC UMTS HSPA+, LTE Unknown AK The Arctic Slope Telephone Association Cooperative
AT&T Mobility UMTS, VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling HSPA+, LTE See above Contiguous US; AK, HI AT&T
Bristol Bay Cellular Partnership CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown AK BBTC Inc.
Copper Valley Telecom CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown AK Copper Valley Telephone Cooperative, Inc
Cordova Wireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown AK Cordova Telephone
GCI Wireless GSM, UMTS, VoLTE
(legacy: CDMA2000[32])		 EDGE, HSPA+, LTE
(legacy: EV-DO[32])		 0.219 (March 2019)[33] AK GCI
Ketchikan Public Utilities CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown AK Ketchikan Public Utilities
OTZ Cellular GSM EDGE, LTE Unknown AK OTZ Telephone Cooperative
TelAlaska Cellular GSM EDGE, LTE Unknown AK American Broadband
Verizon Wireless VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling
(legacy: CDMA2000[22])		 LTE
(legacy: EV-DO[22])		 See above Contiguous US; AK, HI Verizon

Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands

Operator Voice technology Data technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Coverage
(excluding roaming)		 Ownership
Liberty Puerto Rico (formerly AT&T) UMTS, VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling HSPA+, LTE, NR 1.0[34] (Q1 2021) PR, VI Liberty Latin America[35]
Claro (formerly Verizon) GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE 1.4[36] (December 2012) PR América Móvil
T-Mobile US

(includes Sprint, see above)

GSM, cdmaOne, CDMA2000, UMTS, VoLTE, Voice over NR,[26] Wi-Fi calling EDGE, 1xRTT, 1X Advanced, EV-DO Rev 0, Rev A, HSPA+, LTE, NR See above PR, VI, Contiguous US; HI Deutsche Telekom AG (48%)
SoftBank Group Corporation (4%)
free float (48%)[27]
Viya
former Innovative Wireless and Choice Wireless[37]		 GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown VI ATN International[38]

Guam and Northern Mariana Islands

Operator Voice technology Data technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Coverage
(excluding roaming)		 Ownership
Docomo Pacific GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE, NR 0.065[39] GU, MP NTT Docomo
GTA GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown GU TeleGuam Holdings LLC
IT&E
•Includes the former iConnect network[40]		 GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown GU, MP IT&E Overseas, Inc

American Samoa

Operator Voice technology Data technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Coverage
(excluding roaming)		 Ownership
Bluesky GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE 0.032 AS Amper SpA
ASTCA CDMA2000 EV-DO Unknown AS Government of American Samoa

Defunct, merged and acquired operators

Some operators listed below may still function as a separate brand but they no longer own any infrastructure (towers, network, etc.).

Operator Voice technology Data technology Subscribers (millions) End date Notes
Airfire Mobile GSM EDGE 0.02 June 2014 Acquired by U.S. Cellular.[41]
Alaska Communications GSM, UMTS
(legacy: CDMA2000[32])		 EDGE, HSPA+, LTE
(legacy: EV-DO[32])		 0.103[42] (December 2014) February 2015 Acquired by GCI[43]
Alltel CDMA CDMA2000, EV-DO 13 (at peak) September 2013 Acquired by Verizon Wireless and AT&T Mobility.[44]
Big Sky Mobile GSM EDGE Unknown 2017 Sold spectrum licenses to AT&T and T-Mobile and exited the business.[45]
Blaze Wireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown December 2019 Parent company, Pinpoint Communications, discontinued cellular service and spectrum leases through Viaero Wireless were cancelled.
Blue Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown July 2020 Exited business and sold spectrum licenses to Verizon Wireless.[46]
Bluegrass Cellular CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.210 (March 2021)[47] March 2021 Acquired by Verizon Wireless[47]
Breakaway Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO Unknown 2018 Discontinued cellular service.[48]
Cellular One of East Central Illinois GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+ Unknown January 2016 Acquired by AT&T Mobility.[49]
Cellular One of Northeast Pennsylvania CDMA CDMA2000, EV-DO Unknown March 2012 Acquired by Verizon Wireless.[50]
Choice Wireless
former Amerilink Wireless		 GSM EDGE Unknown 2016 Became a T-Mobile US MVNO.
Cincinnati Bell Wireless GSM, UMTS,
GAN Wi-Fi calling[51]		 EDGE, HSPA+ 0.34[52] (January 2014) February 2015 Spectrum assets acquired by Verizon Wireless, service to any customers remaining on the network was shut off after February 28, 2015.[53]
Cleartalk
affiliate of Clear Talk Wireless		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown 2016 WGH Communications sold South Carolina licenses to T-Mobile US and exited the business
ClearTalk Wireless
Flat Wireless		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown 2017 Flat Wireless assets acquired by Sprint.
Clearwire WiMAX 11[54] (June 2012) December 2013 Acquired by Sprint.[55]
Corr Wireless GSM EDGE 0.02[56] 2013 Acquired by AT&T Mobility.[56]
CTC Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown 2019 Exited wireless business.
DTC Wireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+ Unknown 2017 Discontinued cellular service, though still offers fixed wireless service.[57]
Element Mobile CDMA2000 EV-DO 0.077[58] (August 2011) 2013 Acquired by AT&T Mobility.[59][60]
Epic PCS GSM EDGE Unknown 2015 Acquired by United Wireless and PTCI.[61]
Farmers Mutual Telephone Company CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown 2018 Sold spectrum licenses to Verizon Wireless and Eltopia Communications and became a Verizon Wireless MVNO.
Fuego Wireless LTE Unknown 2016 Sold network and spectrum licenses to AT&T and Infrastructure Networks[62]
Golden State Cellular CDMA2000 EV-DO 0.018[63] 2014 Acquired by Verizon Wireless.[64]
iWireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+, LTE Unknown 2018 Acquired by T-Mobile US.[65]
KTC PACE GSM EDGE Unknown 2015 Became an AT&T Mobility MVNO.[66]
Leap Wireless (Cricket Communications, Inc.)
•Includes Cricket PAYGo & RadioShack No Contract Wireless		 CDMA,
GSM,
UMTS		 EDGE,
HSPA+,
LTE		 4.57[67] (February 2014) 2014 Acquired by AT&T Mobility.[67]
Long Lines Wireless GSM EDGE 0.018[68](November 2013) December 2013 Acquired by AT&T Mobility[69]
MTA Solutions CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown 2017 Discontinued cellular service.[70]
MetroPCS Communications, Inc. CDMA EV-DO, LTE 9.5 May 2013 Acquired by T-Mobile US.[71]
Mid-Rivers Communications CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.001 August 2019 Exited wireless business and sold network to Verizon Wireless.[72]
miSpot LTE Unknown November 2014
MobileNation CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.02[23] January 2020 Exited wireless business.[73]
Mosaic Telecom UMTS HSPA+, LTE Unknown 2016 Discontinued cellular service[74]
NEP Wireless GSM EDGE, LTE 0.011[75] (June 2010) September 2015 [76]
Nextel iDEN WiDEN 15 (Apr 2004) 2004 Acquired by Sprint.[77]
NMobile CDMA2000 EV-DO Unknown June 2018 Discontinued cellular service.[78]
nTelos CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.300 (September 2015) May 2016 Acquired by Shentel[79]
Peoples Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE Unknown 2015 [80]
Phoenix Communications GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA Unknown 2018 Sold to Hillary Communications and cellular service discontinued.[81]
Plateau Wireless GSM, UMTS EDGE, HSPA+ 0.042[82] (September 2014) 2014 Acquired by AT&T Mobility.[83]
Pocket Communications CDMA2000 1xRTT Unknown October 2010 Merged with Cricket.[84]
PrimeCo Wireless CDMA Unknown Unknown 1999 Became Verizon Wireless.[85]
Revol Wireless CDMA CDMA2000, EV-DO Unknown January 2014 Sold spectrum licenses to Sprint.[86] Subscribers transferred to Boost Mobile.[87]
Shentel
•T-Mobile Affiliate [88]		 VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling
(legacy: CDMA2000[89])		 LTE
(legacy: EV-DO[89])		 0.84 [90] (July 2020) July 2021 Wireless assets acquired by T-Mobile US.[91]
Sprint Corporation
•Including hosted virtual operators, and Boost Mobile		 VoLTE, Wi-Fi calling
(legacy: CDMA2000[89])		 LTE, NR
(legacy: EV-DO[89])		 54.1[92] (December 2019) April 2020 Merged with T-Mobile US on April 1, 2020.[93][94][95]
Standing Rock Telecom CDMA2000 EV-DO Unknown November 2014 Shut down CDMA for UMTS/LTE and rebranded to Rock Wireless
Stelera Wireless HSPA Unknown April 2013 Defunct.[96]
Syringa Wireless CDMA2000 EV-DO, LTE 0.00135 December 2015 Discontinued cellular service[97]
TerreStar GSM EDGE, HSPA Unknown 2010 Acquired by Dish Network[98]
Westlink Wireless GSM EDGE Unknown 2013 Acquired by United Wireless.[99]

See also

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  82. ^ "Plateau: Your premier telecomm provider for Eastern New Mexico and West Texas". Plateautel.com. Retrieved 2014-09-30.
  83. ^ "AT&T scoops up 40,000 customers, spectrum assets of Plateau Wireless". 2014-06-24. Retrieved 2014-09-30.
  84. ^ "Cricket, Pocket merge operations; joint venture said to boost South Texas prepaid wireless". The Brownsville Herald. 2010-10-06. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
  85. ^ "PrimeCo customers head for Verizon". St. Petersburg Times. 2000-04-05. Retrieved 2014-07-27.
  86. ^ "Sprint buys Revol's PCS spectrum licenses in Ohio as Revol winds down". 2013-11-14. Retrieved 2013-11-27.
  87. ^ "Regional wireless carrier Revol to shutter operations Jan. 16, Boost to pick up subs". 2013-12-17. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
  88. ^ "Shentel to become Sprint LTE affiliate". FierceWireless. 2012-02-03. Retrieved 2014-02-28.
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  90. ^ "Shentel - Shenandoah Telecommunications Company Reports Second Quarter 2020 Results".
  91. ^ "T-Mobile Closes on Shentel Wireless Assets". Telecompetitor. 2021-07-01. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  92. ^ "Sprint Reports Fiscal Year 2019 Third Quarter Results". January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
  93. ^ "T-Mobile and Sprint's merger is officially complete". Retrieved 2020-04-01.
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  95. ^ "What the T-Mobile & Sprint Merger Means for You | T-Mobile". www.t-mobile.com. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
  96. ^ "Stelera Wireless Internet Folds In Southwest Kansas". 2013-05-10. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
  97. ^ "NOTICE OF RELINQUISHMENT" (PDF). IDAHO PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION. 2016-01-08. Retrieved 2016-11-03.
  98. ^ "Bankruptcy court OKs Dish Network's buy of TerreStar - Denver Business Journal".
  99. ^ "Westlink Wireless Gives Up". 2013-12-06. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
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