List of Thai monarchs
(Redirected from List of Thai Monarchs)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/King%27s_Standard_of_Thailand.svg/300px-King%27s_Standard_of_Thailand.svg.png)
The Royal Standard of the King of Thailand. The Garuda in the center has been the symbol of the monarchy since the times of Ayutthaya.
This article lists the monarchs of Thailand from the foundation of the Sukhothai Kingdom in 1238 until the present day.
Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1368)
Phra Ruang dynasty (1238–1368; under Ayutthaya 1368–1438)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Pho Khun Si Inthrathit (Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao) |
1188 | 1238 | 1270 (32 years) (82 years old) | • First Pho Khun (Lord) of Thailand • First ruler of Sukhothai | |
2 | ![]() |
Pho Khun Ban Mueang | c. 1237 | 1270 | 1279 (9 years) (42 years old) | • Son of Si Inthrathit | |
3 | ![]() |
Pho Khun Ram Khamhaeng the Great (Pho Khun Ramarat) |
c. 1237/1247 | 1279 | 1298 (19 years) (51/61 years old) | • Younger brother of Ban Mueang • First ruler of Thailand with the title of Maharat (the Great) | |
4 | ![]() |
Phaya Loe Thai | c. 1262 | 1298 | 1323 (25 years) (61 years old) | • Son of Ram Khamhaeng the Great • First Phaya (Governor) of Thailand | |
5 | ![]() |
Phaya Ngua Nam Thum | c. 1266 | 1323 | 1347 (24 years) (81 years old) | • Cousin of Loe Thai | |
6 | Phaya Li Thai (Phra Maha Thammaracha I) |
c. 1300 | 1347 | 1368 (21 years) (68 years old) | • Cousin of Ngua Nam Thum • First Phra (King) of Thailand | ||
Under the suzerainty of the Kingdom of Ayutthaya | |||||||
7 | ![]() |
Phaya Lue Thai (Phra Maha Thammaracha II) |
c. 1358 | 1368 | 1399 (31 years)
(41 years old) |
• Son of Li Thai | |
8 | ![]() |
Phaya Saileuthai (Phra Mahathammaracha III) |
c. 1380 | 1400 | 1419 (19 years) (39 years old) | • Son of Luethai | |
9 | ![]() |
Phaya Borommapan (Phra Mahathammaracha IV) |
c. 1401 | 1419 | 1438 (19 years) (37 years old) | • Son of Sailuethai | |
The end of autonomy, unification under the Ayutthaya Kingdom. |
Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)
1st Uthong dynasty (1351–1370)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Uthong (Somdet Phra Ramathibodi I) |
3 April 1314 | 4 March 1351[1] | 1369 (18 years)
(63 years old) |
• First King of Ayutthaya | |
2 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Ramesuan | 1339 | 1369 | 1370 (less than one year) (abdicated) |
1395
(56 years old) |
• Son of Uthong |
1st Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat I (Khun Luang Pha Ngua) |
1310 | 1370 | 1388 (18 years)
(78 years old) |
• Husband of Uthong's older sister • Usurper • Former Lord of Suphanburi | |
4 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan (Chao Thong Chan) |
1374 | 1388 (7 days)
(14 years old) |
• Son of Borommarachathirat I |
2nd Uthong dynasty (1388–1409)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(2) | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Ramesuan | 1339 | 1388 | 1395 (7 years)
(56 years old) |
• Former King reclaiming the throne • Son of Uthong | |
5 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Ramrachathirat | 1356 | 1395 | 1409 (14 years) (usurped) |
? | • Son of Ramesuan |
2nd Suphannaphum dynasty (1409–1569)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Intharacha I (Phra Chao Nakhon In) |
1359 | 1409 | 1424 (15 years)
(65 years old) |
• Son of Borommarachathirat I • Former Lord of Suphanburi, offered crown | ||
7 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat II (Somdet Phra Chao Sam Phraya) |
1386 | 1424 | 1448 (24 years)
(62 years old) |
• Son of Inthracha I | ||
Administrative Reform Chatusadom, 1463 | ||||||||
8 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Borommatrailokkanat (Ramesuan II) | 1431 | 1448 | 1488 (40 years)
(57 years old) |
• Son of Borommarachathirat II | ||
9 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat III (Intharacha II) |
1462 | 1488 | 1491 (3 years)
(29 years old) |
• Son of Borommatrailokkanat | ||
10 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Ramathibodi II (Chettathirat I) |
1473 | 1491 | 10 October 1529 (38 years)
(56 years old) |
• Younger brother of Borommarachathirat III • Son of Borommatrailokkanat | ||
11 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat IV (Borommarachathirat No Phutthangkun) (Phra Buddhakura) |
1488 | 10 October 1529 | 1533 (4 years)
(45 years old) |
• Son of Ramathibodi II | ||
12 | ![]() |
Phra Ratsadathirat | 1529 | 1533 (5 months)
(4 years old) |
• Son of Borommarachathirat IV • Child King, reign under regency | |||
13 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chairacha (Chairachathirat) (Phra Chai) |
1499 | 1533 | 1546 (13 years)
(47 years old) |
• Uncle of Ratsadathirat • Son of Ramathibodi II • Usurper | ||
14 | ![]() |
Phra Yotfa (Phra Kaeofa) |
1535 | 1546 | 1548 (2 years) | 10 June 1548
(13 years old) |
• Son of Chairacha | |
- | ![]() |
Khun Worawongsathirat (Khun Chinnarat) (Bun Si) |
1503 | before 10 June 1548 | 11 November 1548 - 5 January 1549
(45 years old) |
• Usurper monarch, not accepted by some historians | ||
15 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat (Phra Chao Chang Phueak) (Phra Thianracha) |
1509 | 1549 | 18 February 1564 (15 years) (usurped) |
15 April 1569
(60 years old) |
• Son of Ramathibodi II • Younger brother of Borommarachathirat IV and Chairacha • Seized the throne from usurper • Became a Buddhist monk at Pegu (1564–1568) | |
Vassal of Burma (1564–1568) | ||||||||
16 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat | 1539 | 18 February 1564 | before 12 May 1568 (~4 years) | c. late 1569 | • Son of Maha Chakkraphat and Queen Suriyothai | |
(15) | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat (Phra Chao Chang Phueak) (Phra Thianracha) |
1509 | before 12 May 1568 | 15 April 1569 (~1 year) | • Father of Mahinthrathirat • Regained the throne of Ayutthaya at the urging of his son • Died during the Second Siege of Ayutthaya | ||
(16) | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat | 1539 | 15 April 1569 | 2 August 1569 (3 months) (usurped) |
c. late 1569 | • Son of Maha Chakkraphat • Temporarily regained the throne following Maha Chakkraphat's death | |
First Fall of Ayutthaya |
Sukhothai dynasty (1569–1629)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vassal of Burma (1569–1584) | ||||||||
17 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat (Sanphet I) |
1517 | 1569 | c. 30 June 1590 (21 years)
(73 years old) |
• Former Lord of Phitsanulok • Son-in-law of Maha Chakkraphat and Queen Suriyothai • Installed as vassal of Bayinnaung of Burma, declared independence in 1584 | ||
to restore independence, break free under the rule of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, 1592 | ||||||||
18 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Naresuan the Great (Sanphet II) (Phra Naret) |
1555/56 | 1 July 1590 | 25 April 1605 (15 years)
(49 years old) |
• Son of Maha Thammarachathirat I | ||
19 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Ekathotsarot (Sanphet III) |
1557 | 25 April 1605 | 1610 (5 years)
(53 years old) |
• Brother of Naresuan • Son of Maha Thammarachathirat I | ||
20 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Si Saowaphak (Sanphet IV) |
1585 | 1610 | 1611 (1 year, 2 months)
(26 years old) |
• Son of Ekathotsarot | ||
21 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Songtham (Borommaracha I) (Intharacha III) |
1590 | 1611 | 12 December 1628 (17 years)
(38 years old) |
• Son of "Ekathotsarot", invited to take the throne after leaving the Sangha | ||
22 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chetthathirat (Borommaracha II) (Phra Otsa) |
c. 1613 | 12 December 1628 | 1628–1629 (1 year)
(16 years old) |
• Son of Songtham | ||
23 | ![]() |
Phra Athittayawong | 1620 | 1629 (36 days) (usurped) |
1637
(17 years old) |
• Younger brother of Chetthathirat II • Son of Songtham |
Prasat Thong dynasty (1629–1688)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Prasat Thong (Sanphet V) |
1599 | 1629[2][3] | August 1656 (27 years)
(57 years old) |
• Usurper, formerly the Kalahom • Rumored to be a son of Ekathotsarot | ||
25 | ![]() |
Somdet Chao Fa Chai (Sanphet VI) |
1630 | August–September 1656 (1 month)
(26 years old) |
• Son of Prasat Thong | |||
26 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Si Suthammaracha (Sanphet VII) |
1600 | September 1656 | 26 October 1656 (1 months)
(56 years old) |
• Usurper, Uncle of Chao Fa Chai • Younger brother of Prasat Thong | ||
27 | Somdet Phra Narai the Great (Ramathibodi III) |
16 February 1632 | 26 October 1656 | 11 July 1688 (32 years)
(56 years old) |
• Usurper, nephew of Si Suthammaracha • Son of Prasat Thong • Half-brother of Chao Fa Chai • Former Front Palace | |||
The Siamese revolution of 1688; populist[4] upheaval |
Ban Phlu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Phetracha (Ramesuan III) |
1632 | 11 July 1688 | 5 February 1703 (14 years)
(71 years old) |
• Former commander of the Royal Elephant Corps | ||
29 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Suriyenthrathibodi (Sanphet VIII) (Phra Chao Sua) |
1661 | 5 February 1703 | 9 February 1709 (7 years)
(48 years old) |
• Adoptive son of Phetracha • Son of Narai and Chiang Mai's Princess that was given to be Phetracha's wife later. | ||
30 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Thai Sa (Sanphet IX) (Puhmintharacha) |
1679 | 9 February 1709 | 13 January 1733 (23 years)
(54 years old) |
• Son of Suriyenthrathibodi | ||
31 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Borommakot (Maha Thammarachathirat II) |
c. 1681[5] | 13 January 1733 | 26 April 1758 (26 years)
(77 years old) |
• Brother of Thai Sa, Former Front Palace • Son of Suriyenthrathibodi | ||
32 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Uthumphon[a] (Maha Thammarachathirat III) (Khun Luang Ha Wat) |
1733 | 1 May 1758 | 1758 (3 months)
(25 years old) |
1796
(~63 years old) |
• Son of Borommakot • Former Front Palace | |
33 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Chao Ekkathat[a] (Phra Thinang Suriyat Amarin) (Borommaracha III) |
1718 | 1758 | 7 April 1767 (9 years) (deposed) |
17 April 1767
(49 years old) |
• Usurper, brother of Uthumphon • Son of Borommakot | |
Second Fall of Ayutthaya |
Thonburi Kingdom (1767–1782)
Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Coronation | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Taksin the Great (Phra Chao Krung Thonburi) (Emperor of Siam)[6] (Sanphet X) |
17 April 1734 | 28 December 1767 | 6 April 1782 (14 years) (deposed) |
7 April 1782 (47 years old) (executed) |
• Only King of Thonburi • Son of a Teochew Chinese family named "Tea" (鄭) or "Zheng" in Mandarin Chinese | |
The coup seized power as part of the Rattanakosin Empire.[7] |
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–present)
Chakri dynasty (1782–present)
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Coronation | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Maha Chakri Boromanat Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great (Rama I) |
20 March 1737 | 6 April 1782 | 10 June 1782 | 7 September 1809 (27 years) (72 years old) |
• First King of Rattanakosin • Friend and Father-in-law of Taksin • Usurper • Son of Thongdee (Mon nobleman that was a descendant of Kosa Pan) and Yok (Daughter of a Hokkien Chinese millionaire family) | |
2 | ![]() |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromratchapongchet Mahetsawarasunthon Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II) |
24 February 1767 | 7 September 1809 | 21 July 1824 (14 years) (57 years old) |
• Son of Rama I and Queen Amarindra | ||
3 | ![]() |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha Jessadabodindra Phra Nang Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama III) (Phra Maha Jesataraj Chao) |
31 March 1788 | 21 July 1824 | 2 April 1851 (26 years) (63 years old) |
• Son of Rama II and Princess Consort Sri Sulalai | ||
4 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra Maha Mongkut Phra Chom Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama IV) Phra Syamadevamahamakut Vidyamaharaj[8] |
18 October 1804 | 2 April 1851 | 6 April 1851 (1st time) 15 May 1851 (2nd time) |
1 October 1868 (17 years) (63 years old) |
• Half-brother of Rama III • Son of Rama II and Queen Sri Suriyendra | ||
The Feudal system changed the regime to Absolute monarchy, 1892 | ||||||||
5 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha Chulalongkorn Phra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua the Great (Rama V) (Phra Piya Maharaj) |
20 September 1853 | 1 October 1868 | 11 November 1868 (1st time) 16 November 1873 (2nd time) |
23 October 1910 (42 years) (57 years old) |
• Son of Rama IV and Queen Debsirindra • Under Regency of Grand Duke Sri Suriyavongs from 1868–1873 | ||
6 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha Vajiravudh Phra Mongkut Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama VI) (Phra Maha Dhiraraj Chao) |
1 January 1881 | 23 October 1910 | 11 November 1911 | 26 November 1925 (15 years) (44 years old) |
• Son of Rama V and Queen Saovabha Phongsri | ||
7 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha Prajadhipok Phra Pok Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama VII) |
8 November 1893 | 26 November 1925 | 25 February 1926 | 2 March 1935 (9 years) (abdicated) |
30 May 1941 (47 years old) |
• Younger brother of Rama VI • Son of Rama V and Queen Saovabha Phongsri | |
The Siamese revolution of 1932 ended Absolute monarchy. | ||||||||
8 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha Ananda Mahidol Phra Atthama Ramathibodin (Rama VIII) |
20 September 1925 | 2 March 1935 | — | 9 June 1946 (11 years) (20 years old) |
• Nephew of Rama VII • Grandson of Rama V by Mahidol Adulyadej • Under Regency from 1935–1946 | ||
9 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromchanakathibet Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej Maharaj Borommanatbophit the Great |
5 December 1927 | 9 June 1946 | 5 May 1950 | 13 October 2016 (70 years 126 days) (88 years old) |
• Younger brother of Rama VIII • Grandson of Rama V by Mahidol Adulyadej | ||
10 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra Maha Vajiralongkorn Phra Vajira Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama X) |
28 July 1952 | 13 October 2016 | 4 May 2019[9] | Present (Incumbent: 7 years, 325 days) (72 years old) |
• Only son of Rama IX and Queen Sirikit • 2nd child of Rama IX |
Timeline of monarchs
![](/images/timeline/gcc92isblop2iq4pqokzyhg11uokt66.png)
Family Tree of the Thai Monarchy
See also
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Monarchs of Thailand.
- Family tree of Thai monarchs
- Monarchy of Thailand
- List of rulers of Lan Na
- List of Thai royal consorts
- Rama (Kings of Thailand)
- Chakri dynasty
- Regent of Thailand
- Thailand
Notes
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World. Cambridge University Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World (Kindle Edition). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^ Wyatt, David K. (2003). Thailand : A Short History (2nd ed.). Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. ISBN 974957544X.
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World (Kindle ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. A History of Thailand Third Edition (p. 301). Cambridge University Press. Kindle Edition.
- ^ กำเนิดจักรพรรดิ - พระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช ภูมิสุสานแห่งความมั่งคั่งอุดมสมบูรณ์ | HU LIN : A Landscape Cemetery of Abundance: ฮูลิน
- ^ คำให้การ วันประหาร “พระเจ้าตาก” ฉากสุดท้ายกรุงธนบุรี ศิลปวัฒนธรรม ฉบับสิงหาคม 2552
- ^ "ในหลวง-พระราชินี ทรงบำเพ็ญพระราชกุศลทักษิณานุปทานวันพระบรมราชสมภพและถวายพระราชสมัญญา ร.4 พระสยามเทวมหามกุฏวิทยมหาราช". ผู้จัดการออนไลน์. 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2019-10-18.
- ^ "Thai king to be crowned in coronation ceremonies May 4–6 - palace". euronews. 1 January 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
Bibliography
- Prince Chula Chakrabongse, HRH (1967). Lords of Life: A History of the Kings of Thailand. United Kingdom: Alvin Redman Limited.
- Prince Damrong Rajanubhab, Disuankumaan (2001). Our Wars With The Burmese: Thai-Burmese Conflict 1539-1767. Thailand: White Lotus Co. Ltd. ISBN 974-7534-58-4.
- Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation (2011). Directory of Thai kings (Thai: นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย) (PDF). Thailand: www.nanmeebooks.com. ISBN 978-616-7308-25-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
- Royal Institute of Thailand (2002). "Chronology of the Kings of Ayutthaya". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
- Wood, William A. R. (1924). History of Siam. Thailand: Chalermit Press. ISBN 1-931541-10-8.