Kosovo Security Force

From Justapedia, unleashing the power of collective wisdom
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Kosovo Security Force
Albanian: Forca e Sigurisë së Kosovës
Serbian: Косовске безбедносне снаге
KSF logo.svg
Emblem
Flag of the Kosovo Security Force.svg
Flag
Founded1 January 2009; 15 years ago (2009-01-01)
Current form14 December 2018
In the process of moving from Kosovo Security Force to Kosovo Armed Forces
HeadquartersPristina, Kosovo
Websitemod.rks-gov.net/
Leadership
Commander-in-chiefVjosa Osmani
Minister of DefenseArmend Mehaj
CommanderLt. Gen. Bashkim Jashari
Personnel
Military age18
Active personnel5,000
Reserve personnel3,000
Expenditures
Budget€102,305,450 (2022)[1]
Percent of GDP1.19%
Industry
Foreign suppliers United States
 Turkey
 Germany
 United Kingdom
 Croatia
 Italy
 Israel
 Austria
 Albania
Related articles
HistoryKosovo Liberation Army
Kosovo Protection Corps
RanksMilitary ranks of Kosovo

The Kosovo Security Force (KSF; Albanian: Forca e Sigurisë së Kosovës, Serbian: Косовске безбедносне снаге, romanized: Kosovske bezbednosne snage) is the armed force of Kosovo,[a] and was formed after the declaration of independence in 2008. KSF is tasked with defending the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Kosovo, military support for civil authorities, and participation in international peacekeeping missions and operations.[1] Since 2018, it is in the process of transforming into the Kosovo Armed Forces, a process that is expected to take 10 years.

The President of Kosovo is the Supreme Commander of the Kosovo Security Force and has the competence for mobilizing the Kosovo Security Force in cases of the state of emergency.[2] In peace times, the President's powers as Commander-in-Chief are executed through the Prime Minister and the Defence Minister.

The Kosovo Security Force was founded in January 2009, after the dissolution of the Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC), which until then was a civilian emergency service organization and a descendant of the Kosovo Liberation Army. In March 2008, the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR) and the KPC started preparations for the formation of the Kosovo Security Force. According to guidelines laid out in the Ahtisaari Plan, the Kosovo Security Force was initially permitted to carry light weapons. The admission and the training of personnel began in early June 2008, when NATO experts arrived in Kosovo to guide the process, and from early December 2008, enlisting of candidates between 18 and 30 years old began. The Kosovo Security Force was officially founded on January 1, 2009.

With the aim to upgrade its military competencies and to make it able to join NATO, in December 2018, the Assembly of Kosovo passed legislation to redefine the KSF as a "professional military force" and to establish a defence ministry.[3][4][5] The KSF is additionally in a process of transforming into the Kosovo Armed Forces. The transformation is expected to be finished in 2028 and is overseen by NATO experts. The KSF's personnel trains in NATO military academies in Turkey, the US, and the UK, including School of Army Aviation in Isparta, West Point, and Sandhurst. Its current transformation is actively supported by NATO members and its closest cooperation is with the Iowa National Guard. After the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Assembly of Kosovo passed a resolution, urging the government to start NATO membership bid.[6]

History

Kosovo Security Force's Standard-bearer

Following the Kosovo War in 1999, United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 placed Kosovo under the authority of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), with security provided by the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR). KFOR entered Kosovo on June 12, 1999 under a United Nations mandate, two days after the adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 1244.

Kosovo declared independence in February 2008. On 19 March 2008, United States President George W. Bush authorised military aid to Kosovo Security Force in another step to establish formal relations with Kosovo.[7]

On 20 January 2009, the names of those who were to be selected for the KSF from the KPC were announced. After being vetted by NATO, roughly 1,400 former members of the KPC were selected to serve as officers and rank and file members of the KSF.

On 21 January 2009, the Kosovo Security Force was officially launched. The KSF did not replace the Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC) which was disbanded several months later. KFOR was charged with mentoring the KSF and bringing the force to Full Operational Capability. As part of this effort, various nations that are part of KFOR have provided assistance to the force on a bilateral basis including uniforms which were supplied by the United States and vehicles which were donated by Germany. Mentoring efforts were meant to develop the KSF in line with NATO standards.[8][9][10] Additionally Italy, Portugal and other NATO members are to help the KSF by donations and training.[11][12] Slovenia donated €30,000 towards the establishment of the KSF.[10]

The following senior officers took their oaths on 16 June 2009, under the supervision of then KSF Commander Lieutenant-General Sylejman Selimi:[13]

  • Lieutenant-General Bashkim Jashari – KSF Deputy Commander and Commander of Land Force Command
  • Brigadier-General Xhevahir Geci – Commander of Rapid Reaction Brigade
  • Brigadier-General Zymer Halimi – Chief of Operations and Training Department
  • Brigadier-General Imri Ilazi – Commander of Operations Support Brigade
  • Brigadier-General Enver Cikaqi – Commander of Training and Doctrine Command
Members of the Kosovo Security Force during an exercise near Istog.

On 15 September 2009 the Kosovo Security Force officially began the work, with its initial operational capacities after an eight-month training with NATO instructors.[14]

In 2010, the KSF deployed to northern Albania on two separate occasions to perform flood relief operations in support of the Albanian domestic response.

On 22 November 2011, Lieutenant General Sylejman Selimi retired from the KSF and President Atifete Jahjaga appointed the former Director of Operations Major General Kadri Kastrati to succeed him as Commander of the force. President Jahjaga also promoted Kastrati to the rank of lieutenant general.

On 9 July 2013 the Kosovo Security Forces reached Full Operational Capability (FOC) as determined by NATO.[15] While the general security situation has been improving on the ground, this lightly armed force responsible for civil protection operations and assisting civil authorities in responding to natural disasters and other emergencies has now trained to standards designated by NATO. The declaration of full operational capability on 9 July 2013 by the North Atlantic Council means that the KSF is fully capable of performing the tasks assigned to it within its mandate. The KSF will conduct non-military security functions that are not appropriate for the police. In more concrete terms, this force of approximately 2200 personnel will deal with search and rescue operations, explosive ordnance disposal, control and clearance of hazardous materials, fire-fighting and other humanitarian assistance tasks. Recruitment for the Kosovo Security Force started early 2009, once NATO had agreed (June 2008) to implement new tasks in addition to those agreed under UNSCR 1244. These new tasks included the standing down of the Kosovo Protection Corps, and the creation of the KSF and of a civilian structure to oversee it.

NATO's role in the creation of KSF has therefore been two-fold: helping with its formation – standing up, recruitment and training; and the establishment of a civilian-led organisation to supervise and control the KSF. One of the principal aims was to encourage all minorities to enroll, so special attention was given to carrying out the recruitment process in two languages – Albanian and Serbian. The result has been a professional, multi-ethnic, all-volunteer force, which should continue to remain a source of regional stability. Following the declaration of full operational capability, NATO will continue to support the development of the KSF through the NATO Liaison and Advisory Team (NLAT), consisting of a mix of approximately 30 military and civilian personnel that will help with the professional development of the KSF, providing advice and support in a variety of areas such as capacity-building and training and leadership.[16]

Towards the Kosovo Armed Forces

The Kosovo Security Force Band.

On 5 March 2014, Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi declared that the Kosovan government had decided to establish a Defence Ministry and by 2019, officially transform the Kosovo Security Forces into the Kosovo Armed Forces (Albanian: Forcat e Armatosura të Kosovës, FAK) which will meet all the standards of NATO states with the aim of joining the alliance in the future. The new army will have a €98 million annual budget and will be 5,000 strong with another 3,000 reservists, composed of land forces, a national guard, logistics and training commands.[17][18][19] Kosovo's Security Forces Minister Agim Çeku stated that the Kosovo Armed Forces' mission will be "to protect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Kosovo, its people and their property and protect the interests of the Kosovo Republic".[20] Kosovo's ambassador to Turkey, Avni Spahiu, stated that the "decision to establish an army has been taken in consultation with NATO and our partners... [and] the army will have a defensive character as Kosovo has no territorial aspirations".[21]

Kosovo Security Force rescuers searching for survivors after the 2019 Albania earthquake.

On 28 May 2014, President Atifete Jahjaga told the United Nations Security Council that the creation of the Kosovan Armed Forces would be a long process, requiring the support and participation of all ethnic communities in Kosovo; she added that its purpose would be to contribute to overall security in the Balkans and called on all ethnic communities to take part in the process.[22] In November 2014, Agim Çeku stated that the Kosovo Army was running behind schedule "because of the delay in the constitution of the Kosovo parliament" but the decision to transform the Kosovo Security Force into an Army will be confirmed "at one of the first sessions upon its constitution"; he also noted that this transformation enjoys nationwide support and he doesn't expect any complaints from the political opposition.[23]

On 18 October 2018, the Kosovo Assembly approved to transform the Kosovo Security Force into the Kosovo Armed Forces within 10 years after 98 of the 120 deputies voted in favor, and the remaining 22 remained absent from the vote, including 11 representatives from the Serb minority who boycotted the vote.[24]

On 14 December 2018, the Kosovo parliament approved the transformation of the Kosovo Security Force into the Kosovo Armed Forces effective immediately[3][4] The transformation is supposed to be finished in 2028. The Iowa National Guard is one of Kosovo Security Force's main partners and supporters in its transformation.[25]

Reactions

Maj. General Benjamin Corell of the Iowa National Guard inspecting a Kosovo Security Force soldier's equipment. The Iowa National Guard supports FSK in its transformation into the Kosovo Armed Forces.

Reactions to the transformation of KSF to KAF have been mixed. The move has been seen with scepticism by Serbia and by NATO, European Union and United Nations officials, but it has been endorsed by the United States, as well as the governments of Germany, United Kingdom and France.[26][27]

The Serbian authorities have repeatedly said that according to all international documents, and especially UN Resolution 1244, NATO-led KFOR is the only legal military formation in Kosovo alongside 999 Serbian military personnel guaranteed by Resolution 1244.[28] Jens Stoltenberg, Secretary General of NATO, said he regrets that the Kosovo Assembly has decided to transform KSF despite concerns from the alliance, adding that "this move comes at the wrong time".[29] Also, Federica Mogherini, High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs has expressed regret over Kosovo's move to form a new army.[30] Furthermore, António Guterres, UN Secretary-General, expressed deep concern over the decision of Kosovo authorities, urging "all parties concerned" to exercise restraint.[31]

On the other hand, the United States fully supports and endorses the move. In a statement, the US Embassy in Kosovo stated that Kosovo is a sovereign nation, and as such, it is allowed to have a force to defend its territory. They confirmed that the United States will continue to support the development of KAF, and that they expect the cooperation of the KAF and NATO to continue.[32] The US. Ambassador in Kosovo, Philip S. Kosnett called the transformation a historical move.

Mission statement

A member of FSK with Kosovo's flag at a military parade in the Netherlands

Such duties will include search and rescue operations; explosive ordnance disposal (de-mining and UXO removal); the control and clearance of hazardous materials; fire-fighting; and other humanitarian assistance tasks.

The Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force (MKSF) is responsible for exercising civilian control over the Force, including management and administration. It comprises a mixture of civilian and KSF personnel and is accountable, through the Prime Minister, to the Kosovo Assembly.

The mission of the MKSF, which is also the highest level KSF Headquarters, is to formulate, implement, evaluate and develop the policies and activities of the KSF within a framework of democratic governance and in accordance with the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Kosovo.

Personnel

Members of the Kosovo Security Force

Any citizen of Kosovo over the age of 18 is eligible to serve in the Kosovo Security Force.[33] Active members of the Kosovo Security Force are not legally allowed to run for, or serve in the Assembly of Kosovo.[34] The membership of the Kosovo Security Force is required to reflect the ethnic composition of the country.[35] Members of the Security Force are protected from discrimination on the basis of gender or ethnicity.[36]

The Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force has taken active steps to recruit women into the Security Force. As of 2015, women make up 8.52% of the uniformed service members of the Security Force and 32% of the Ministry as a whole.[37] Of the 203 women in uniform in the Security Force, 21 are officers; the highest ranking woman in the Security Force is a Major-general Irfete Spahiu.[38]

A new law or constitutional amendment for Kosovo Security Force provides a larger number of personnel for the KSF, around 5,000 active soldiers and over 3,000 in reserve.[39]

Ethnic minorities

Ethnic minorities of Kosovo are encouraged to enroll in the Kosovo Security Force with Kosovo's constitution requiring the integration of ethnic-minority communities into the Kosovo Security Force. In April 2013, 179 (8.2%) of the Kosovo Security Force's military personnel came from minority backgrounds, the remainder being ethnic Albanians.[40] In May 2014, Kosovar President Atifete Jahjaga noted to the United Nations Security Council that 9% of the KSF were from minority communities.[22] In July 2018 40 out of 137 Serbs tendered their resignations from the KSF. Minister of the KSF, Rustem Berisha stated that the personnel in question were pressured by Belgrade and had received "blackmail and threats" violating their basic human rights.[41]

Minorities in the KSF[42]
Ethnicity Number
Turks 49
Serbs 45
Bosniaks 43
Ashkali 30
Egyptians 14
Croats 3
Romani 3
Gorani 1
Germans 1

Structure

Organogram of Kosovo Security Forces.

Military rank insignias

Main article: Military ranks of Kosovo
Officers
Rank group General/flag officers Field/senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
 Kosovo Security Force[43]
 Kosovo-Army-OF-8.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-7.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-6.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-5.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-4.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-3.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-2.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-1b.svg Kosovo-Army-OF-1a.svg
Gjeneral lejtnant Gjeneral major Gjeneral brigade Kolonel Nën kolonel Major Kapiten Toger Nën toger
Enlisted
Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
 Kosovo Security Force[43]
 Kosovo-Army-OR-9.svg Kosovo-Army-OR-8.svg Kosovo-Army-OR-6.svg Kosovo-Army-OR-5.svg Kosovo-Army-OR-4.svg Kosovo-Army-OR-1.svg
Rreshter major Rreshter i parë Kapter Rreshter Tetar Ushtar

Equipment

Firearms

Picture Weapon Cartridge Country manufactured Notes Reference
Pistols
FN Five Seven.png FN Five-seven FN 5.7×28mm  Belgium Standard side arm [44]
Glock 17-removebg-preview.png Glock 17 9×19mm Parabellum  Austria
Sig Sauer M17 transparent.gif SIG M17 9×19mm Parabellum  United States
Assault rifles
MPT-76 Assault Rifle.jpg
 MPT-76 7.62×51mm NATO  Turkey
Turkish mpt 55 silhouette.png MPT-55 5.56×45mm NATO  Turkey
Galil silhouette.png IMI Galil 5.56×45mm NATO  Israel
SigSauerM400 silhouette.png SIGM400 5.56×45mm NATO  Germany
Gewehr 36 silhouette.png Heckler & Koch G36 5.56×45mm NATO  Germany Standard service rifle [44]
Colt M4A1 silhouette.svg M4A1 5.56×45mm NATO  United States [45]
M5 Carbine
 M5 Colt Carbine 5.56×45mm NATO  United States
Submachine guns
H&K MP5 silhouette.svg Heckler & Koch MP5 9×19mm Parabellum  Germany
 Turkey 		Several variants [citation needed]
Grenade launchers
HK AGCEGLM noBG.png
 Heckler & Koch AG36 40 mm grenade  Germany Attaches to rifle
File:Milkor MGL.jpg Milkor MGL 40mm  South Africa
Rockets
M72A2 LAW.png M72 LAW 66mm  United States
Sniper rifles
SIG716 dmr 7.62×51mm NATO  Germany
IDF-M24-SWS-pic001.jpg
 M24 7.62×51mm NATO  United States
Barrett-M82A1-Independence-Day-2017-IZE-048-white.jpg
 Barrett M82 .50 BMG  United States
Barrett M99.jpg
 Barrett M99 .50 BMG  United States
Machine guns
PEO M240B Profile.jpg M240 7.62×51mm NATO  United States
M249mg.jpg M249 Squad Automatic Weapon 5.56×45mm NATO  United States
PEO Browning M2E2 QCB (c1).jpg
 M2 Browning .50 BMG  United States
MK19-02.jpg Mk 19 40 mm grenade  United States
Anti-Tank
Hires 090509-A-4842R-001a.jpg
 BGM-71 TOW 152 mm  United States Some will be used in Humvee

Artillery systems

Picture Weapon Cartridge Country manufactured Notes Reference
Mortars
81 mm mortar m29-39.png
 Hirtenberger M8 81mm  Austria [46]

Vehicles

Vehicles plates
Picture Name Country manufactured Number Notes Reference
Armored vehicles
M1117 Armored Security Vehicle.jpg M1117 Guardian  United States 55 [47]
Kosovo Army Otokar Cobra.jpg Otokar Cobra  Turkey 80 [48][49]
2015 MCAS Beaufort Air Show 041215-M-CG676-161.jpg
 Humvee  United States 200+ [50][51][52]
2012 Eurosatory BMC trucks.JPG BMC Kirpi  Turkey 10 [53]
Kirpi.jpg BMC Vuran  Turkey 4 [53]
Iraqi Patrol in Mosul, Iraq.jpg
 Otokar Akrep  Turkey 3 [53]
Achleitner Survivor-II.jpg Achleitner  Austria
Military vehicles in Paris (3298125879).jpg
 Mercedes-Benz G Class  Germany 150
Land Rover Defender Netherlands Marine Corps - Flickr - Joost J. Bakker IJmuiden.jpg Land Rover Defender  United Kingdom 100+
Rockcrawling.JPG Jeep  United States
Trucks
Fsk4.jpg Mercedes-Benz NG 1017A  Germany 250
Unimog der Sanitäter Bundeswehr - 3381575093.jpg
 Mercedes-Benz Unimog  Germany
22fsk22.jpg Iveco Trakker  Italy 100
Iveco Trakker Polish-Army.jpg
 Iveco 8X8  Italy
AROCS in Lithuanian Army.webp
 MB Man  Germany

Aircraft

Picture Name Country manufactured Number Notes
Unmanned aerial vehicles
U S Marine Corps RQ-20 Puma 4-M-DE476-005 JPEG.jpg AeroVironment RQ-20 Puma  United States 4[54] The Kosovo Armed Forces are to receive 4 RQ-20 Puma Long Endurance (LE) UAS from AeroVironment via the FMS programme, the United States Department of Defense revealed the $11.01 million contract on 25 January 2022.[citation needed]
Kareyel.jpg
 Vestel Karayel  Turkey 3 Kosovo Security Forces has in plan to buy 3 Turkish Vestel Karayel Drone by 2023.

Notes

  1. ^ The political status of Kosovo is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Serbia in 2008, Kosovo is formally recognised as an independent state by 100 UN member states (with another 13 states recognising it at some point but then withdrawing their recognition) and 93 states not recognizing it, while Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory.

References

  1. ^ "LAW NO. 06 L-123 ON KOSOVO SECURITY FORCE". Article IV, Law of 4 January 2019. Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo.
  2. ^ "LAW NO. 06 L-123 ON KOSOVO SECURITY FORCE". Article XVI, Law of 4 January 2019. Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo.
  3. ^ a b "Kosovo approves new army despite Serbia opposition - News - Al Jazeera". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Kosovo approves new army despite Serb opposition, NATO criticism". Reuters. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  5. ^ https://kallxo.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/2824-2.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  6. ^ "Kosovo parliament urges government to start NATO membership bid". Reuters. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  7. ^ Bush OKs supplying arms to Kosovo, AFP, March 19, 2008.
  8. ^ "Lt. Gen. Selimi appointed as Chief of Staff of KSF" Archived 2009-03-07 at the Wayback Machine newkosovoareport.com 20 December 2009. Link accessed 21-01-09
  9. ^ "Kosovo's security force launched" news.bbc.co.uk 21 January 2009. Link Retrieved 21-01-09
  10. ^ a b "Kosovo: Security or militarisation?" b92.net 21 January 2009. Link retrieved 21-01-09
  11. ^ "Italy to support the establishment of Kosovo armed forces" Archived 2012-04-01 at the Wayback Machine newkosovoareport.com 24 December 2008. Link accessed 21-01-09
  12. ^ "Portugal to assist the establishment of Kosovo Army" Archived 2009-06-04 at the Wayback Machine newkosovoareport.com 20 December 2008. Link accessed 21-01-09
  13. ^ Ministry Press Release, 16 June 2009, Pristina
  14. ^ "FSK nis zyrtarisht punën" (in Albanian). Pristina, Kosovo: Gazeta Express. 18 September 2009. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2009.
  15. ^ "NATO Secretary General statement on Kosovo Security Force reaching Full Operational Capability".
  16. ^ "The Kosovo Security Force now self-sustainable".
  17. ^ "Kosovo to create national army of 5,000 soldiers". Reuters. 4 March 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
  18. ^ "Kosovo to Have Army by 2019". noinvite.com. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
  19. ^ "Kosovo to build its first national army". Euronews. 4 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  20. ^ "Kosovo to Have Armed Forces by 2019". Balkan Insight. 4 March 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2014.
  21. ^ "Kosovo to form army 15 yrs after war, Serbia reacts". Turkish Weekly. 11 March 2014. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  22. ^ a b "Kosovo precedent created new hotspots". B92. 28 May 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2014.
  23. ^ "Kosovo will soon have its army". B92. 26 November 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  24. ^ Bozinovski, Igor (25 October 2018). "Kosovo Security Forces to be transformed into army". IHS Jane's 360. Skopje. Archived from the original on 25 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  25. ^ "Iowa National Guard strengthens bonds with Kosovo". National Guard. National Guard. 5 October 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  26. ^ "Kosovo legislature approves creation of national army". www.dw.com. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  27. ^ "Franca përkrahë transformimin e FSK-së në Ushtri të Kosovës". www.telegrafi.com. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  28. ^ "Kosovo army has no business in North, Serbs say". B92. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  29. ^ "Kosovo Parliament Votes to Create an Army, Defying Serbia and NATO". The New York Times. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  30. ^ "The Latest: Serbia calls new Kosovo army illegal". abcnews.go.com. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  31. ^ "UN Security Council discusses Kosovo, Guterres calls for restraint". N1. 15 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
  32. ^ "Statement from U.S. Embassy Pristina". 14 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018 – via xk.usembassy.gov.
  33. ^ "The Law on the Kosovo Security Force". Article Article 13, Section 13.1, Act No. Law No. 03/L-046 of 13 March 2008 (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  34. ^ Article 73, Section 1(2) of the Constitution of Kosovo (9 April 2008)
  35. ^ Article 126, Section 4 of the Constitution of Kosovo (9 April 2008)
  36. ^ "Law on Service in the Kosovo Security Force". Article Article 3, Section 3(a), Act No. Law No. 03/L-082 of 13 June 2008 (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  37. ^ Annual Report 2015 (PDF) (Report). Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force. December 2015. p. 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  38. ^ THE WOMAN SHAPING KOSOVO'S FUTURE SOLDIERS (Report). Kosovo 2.0. March 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2021.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  39. ^ "Ligji për FSK". Gazeta Zyrtare e Republikës së Kosovës.
  40. ^ "Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force Newsletter" (PDF) (Press release). Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force. April 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  41. ^ "Ministar KBS: Više od 40 od 137 srpskih pripadnika KBS traži da istupi". kossev.info. 7 July 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  42. ^ Rushiti, Natyra (8 March 2017). "FSK-ja me 45 serbë, javën tjetër bëhet ushtri". Zëri. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  43. ^ a b "Emblems and Ranks". mod.rks-gov.net. Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  44. ^ a b "FSK Blen Armët e Para" [FSK Money Buys Weapons]. Gazeta Express (in Albanian). Kosovo: MediaWorks. 10 February 2010. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010.
  45. ^ "Contract Awards Notice 21700/16/030/115" (PDF). Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force. 9 June 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  46. ^ Vatovci, Isa (30 May 2022). "Qitje luftarake me mortaja, stërvitje e përbashkët e ushtarëve të Kosovës dhe Shqipërisë (VIDEO)" [Military firing with mortars, joint exercise of the soldiers of Kosovo and Albania (VIDEO)]. Kallxo (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kallxo. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  47. ^ Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Kosovo. "Log into Facebook". Facebook. Retrieved 6 June 2021. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  48. ^ "Turqia: Kosova duhet të ketë ushtri". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
  49. ^ "43 members of the First Battalion of RRB completed two–months training with armored vehicle "KOBRA"" (Press release). Ministry for the Kosovo Security Force. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  50. ^ "Humvees Shine Headlights On Kosovo's Controversial Vote On Army". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  51. ^ "Kosovo Receives 55 Armored Vehicles Donated By U.S." RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  52. ^ Njekomb.com (2 September 2021). "Sa mjete ushtarake të tipit Humvee ka Ushtria e Kosovës?". Njekomb.org. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  53. ^ a b c Top News - FSK-ja blen 14 autoblinda turke/ Kosova, shteti i parë i huaj që merr këto mjete 4x4, archived from the original on 15 December 2021, retrieved 13 July 2021
  54. ^ "Sa luftarake nga SHBA-ja kanë ardhur në Kosovë, flasin nga Ministria e Mbrojtjes". 46. 26 January 2022.
Retrieved from "https://justapedia.org/index.php?title=Kosovo_Security_Force&oldid=2000525574"