Joint Artificial Intelligence Center

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The Joint Artificial Intelligence Center (JAIC) (pronounced "jake")[1] was an American organization on exploring the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) (particularly Edge computing), Network of Networks and AI-enhanced communication for use in actual combat.[2][3][4][5]

A subdivision of the United States Armed Forces, it was created in June 2018. The organization's stated objective was to "transform the US Department of Defense by accelerating the delivery and adoption of AI to achieve mission impact at scale. The goal is to use AI to solve large and complex problem sets that span multiple combat systems; then, ensure the combat Systems and Components have real-time access to ever-improving libraries of data sets and tools."[3]

History

JAIC was originally proposed to Congress on June 27, 2018;[6] that same month, it was established under the Defense Department's Chief Information Officer (CIO), itself subordinate to the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), to coordinate Department-wide AI efforts.[1] Throughout 2020, JAIC started financially engaging with the AI industry for the development of specific applications.[7][8][9]

Current proposals for JAIC include giving it the authority as a financial entity to acquire its own technology, and elevating its position to be under the Deputy Secretary of Defense.[10][11][12]

On 24 June 2021 the Department of Defense gathered reporters for an AI symposium in which it announced the launch of an "AI and data accelerator (ADA) initiative" in which, over the month of July, data teams would work directly with military personnel to provide a proof of concept in data-driven warfare and to observe the possible obstacles for such implementation.[13][14]

On 1 June 2022 JAIC, the Defense Digital Service, and the Office of Advancing Analytics were merged into a unified organization, The Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer (CDAO).[15] JAIC, DDS, and the other groups within CDAO will cease to be recognized as entities.[16][17]

Successor

Note: as more information becomes available, this section may be split off

The Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Office (CDAO)[18] or Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer [17][16] is Dr. Craig Martell. [19][20][21] USAF secretary Frank Kendall has signalled that the CDAO will have an approach to solving the DoD-wide Joint All-domain command and control (JADC2) problem: "Deputy Defense Secretary Kathleen Hicks has already asked Martell to take a leading role in the discussions about JADC2".[22] [23]

Technology

Neuromorphic computing

JAIC's primary area of interest is edge computing, as even more sensor technologies are being added to weapon systems and military vehicles. The edge processors that will be used are neuromorphic processors that will perform neural network computations on the sensor itself without having to send the data to a central processor, thus increasing the robustness of the combat network.[5] JAIC plans to access the U.S. commercial sector and academia to recruit professionals in the fields of neuromorphic technology and AI safety.[24][25][26]

Network of networks

Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2) is an initiative of the military's network of networks, as each branch of the US Armed Forces (Army, Air Force, Navy, Marines and Coast Guard) intends to have its own communications network. The JADC2 project would integrate all those networks into a larger network on all spatial scales. ′Connect every sensor, every shooter′, being the tagline.[27][28][29][30][31][32]

List of directors

No. Director Term Service branch
Portrait Name Took office Left office Term length
1
John N.T. Shanahan[33]
Lieutenant General
John N.T. Shanahan[33]		December 20181 June 2020~1 year, 183 daysMark of the United States Air Force.svg
U.S. Air Force
-
Nand Mulchandani[34]
Nand Mulchandani[34]
Acting		1 June 20201 October 2020122 daysSES Emblem.svg
U.S. Senior
Executive Service
2
Michael S. Groen
Lieutenant General
Michael S. Groen		1 October 202019 May 20221 year, 230 daysEmblem of the United States Marine Corps.svg
U.S. Marine Corps

References

  1. ^ a b Kelley M. Sayler (June 8, 2021). Defense Primer: Emerging Technologies (PDF) (Report). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved July 22, 2021.
  2. ^ "DOD Unveils Its Artificial Intelligence Strategy". U.S. Department of Defense. U.S. Department of Defense.
  3. ^ a b "Joint Artificial Intelligence Center". Department of Defense. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  4. ^ McLeary, Paul (June 29, 2018). "Joint Artificial Intelligence Center Created Under DoD CIO".
  5. ^ a b Barnett, Jackson (June 19, 2020). "For military AI to reach the battlefield, there are more than just software challenges". FedScoop. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  6. ^ "Memo: Establishment of the Joint Artificial Intelligence Center" (PDF). Deputy Secretary of Defense, Department of Defense. June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  7. ^ Rockwell, Mark (May 20, 2020). "DOD lands major contract for war-fighting AI". Defense Systems.
  8. ^ Eversden, Andrew (May 18, 2020). "Booz Allen Hamilton wins massive Pentagon artificial intelligence contract". C4ISRNET.
  9. ^ "Booz Allen wins $800 million AI contract from Defense Department". consulting.us. June 16, 2020.
  10. ^ Barnett, Jackson (May 21, 2020). "JAIC needs its own acquisition authority within next two years, Shanahan says". FedScoop. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  11. ^ Barnett, Jackson (June 22, 2020). "Lawmakers want Joint AI Center directly under deputy secretary of Defense". FedScoop. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  12. ^ "H.R. 6395—FY21 National Defense Authorization Bill" (PDF). Subcommittee on Intelligence and Emerging Threats and Capabilities. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  13. ^ "Pentagon to send AI, data teams to combatant commands this summer".
  14. ^ "DOD to send AI data teams to combatant commands this summer".
  15. ^ JASPREET GILL (24 May 2022) Say goodbye to JAIC and DDS, as offices cease to exist as independent bodies June 1
  16. ^ a b Robert Johnson (3 Jun 2022) DOD’s New Chief Digital and AI Office Achieves Full Operating Capability
  17. ^ a b Brandi Vincent (1 Jun 2022) Pentagon announces new leadership for chief digital, AI office
  18. ^ ai.mil (June 2022) Announcing the 2022 DoD Digital and Artificial Intelligence Symposium
  19. ^ Department of Defense (25 April 2022) DoD Announces Dr. Craig Martell as Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer
  20. ^ CDAO (June 2022) Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Office (CDAO)
  21. ^ David Roza (14 Jun 2022) The Pentagon’s new data chief waited days just for an ID card CAC card
  22. ^ Jaspreet Gill (2 Sep 2022) Kendall: CDAO will ‘hopefully’ be able to pull JADC2 efforts together
  23. ^ Colin Demarest (26 Oct 2022) Pentagon setting up office to speed JADC2 integration across military
  24. ^ "JAIC Looking to Improve Engagement With Private Sector". MeriTalk.
  25. ^ Barnett, Jackson (July 5, 2019). "DOD's artificial intelligence center wants pitches from industry this fall". FedScoop. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  26. ^ "Pentagon Needs Tools to Test the Limits of Its Artificial Intelligence Projects". Nextgov.com.
  27. ^ Barnett, Jackson (March 3, 2020). "Air Force wants to lead on JADC2 system to connect military domains". FedScoop. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  28. ^ CRS (6 April 2020) "Defense Capabilities: Joint All Domain Command and Control" (PDF). In Focus. Congressional Research Service. April 6, 2020.
  29. ^ Sydney Freedberg (4 Nov 2020) Military AI Is Bigger Than Just The Kill Chain: JAIC Chief
  30. ^ Jaspreet Gill (27 Oct 2022) DoD, military services ‘haven’t actually defined’ the JADC2 problem: Navy official
  31. ^ Gen. David Goldfein and Gen. Jay Raymond (28 Feb 2020) America's future battle network is key to multidomain defense JADC2: " We cannot yet share data in a seamless and simultaneous way between the Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps or the Space Force"
  32. ^ Colin Demarest (21 Oct 2022) Project Convergence shows JADC2 alignment, leaders from 3 services say Interoperations "show the services are aligned and not disjointed".
  33. ^ "John N.t. "Jack" Shanahan".
  34. ^ "Leadership - Bio-Mulchandani - JAIC".

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