John (given name)

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This article is about the given name. For other uses, see John.
John
Saint John the Baptist Preaching in the Wilderness by Anton Raphael.png
18th century painting of John the Baptist by Anton Raphael Mengs
Pronunciation/dʒɒn/
GenderMale
Name dayJune 24
Origin
Word/nameHebrew
Meaning"Yahweh has been Gracious",[1] "Graced by Yahweh" (Johanan)
Other names
Nickname(s)Jack, Johnny, Jackie
Related namesEvan, Eoin, Evandro, Evaristo, Ewan, Giannis, Giovanni, Hanan, Hans, Hovhannes, Ian, Iban, Ieuan, Ioan, Ioane, Ioannis, Ivan, Iven, Ifan, Jaan, Jack, Jackson, Jan, Jane, Janez, Janos, Jean, Jhon, Joan, João, Johan /Johann, Johanan, Johannes, Jon, Jovan, Juan, Juhani, Sean, Shane, Siôn, Yahya, Yehya, Yehia, Yannis, Younan, Yohannes, Yunus,
Popularitysee popular names

John (/dʒɒn/; JON) is a common male given name in the English language of Semitic origin. The name is the English form of Iohannes and Ioannes, which are the Latin forms of the Greek name Ioannis (Ιωάννης), originally borne by Hellenized Jews transliterating the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוֹחָנָן‎), the contracted form of the longer name Yehochanan (יְהוֹחָנָן‎), meaning "Yahweh is Gracious" or "Yahweh is Merciful". There are numerous forms of the name in different languages; these were formerly often simply translated as "John" in English, but are increasingly left in their native forms (see sidebar).[2]

It is among the most common given names in Anglophone, Arabic, European, Latin American, Persian and Turkish countries. Traditionally in the Anglosphere, it was the most common, although it has not been since the latter half of the 20th century. John owes its unique popularity to two highly revered saints, John the Baptist (forerunner of Jesus Christ) and the apostle John (traditionally considered the author of the Gospel of John); the name has since been chosen as the regnal or religious name of many emperors, kings, popes and patriarchs. Initially, it was a favorite name among the Greeks but it flourished in all of Europe after the First Crusade.[3]

Origins

John, a name of Hebrew origin, is very popular in the Western World, and has given many variants depending on the language: Shaun, Eoin, Ian, Juan, Ivan, and Yahya. Click on the image to see the diagram in full detail.

The name John is a theophoric name originating from the Hebrew name יוֹחָנָן‎ (Yôḥānān), or in its longer form יְהוֹחָנָן‎ (Yəhôḥānān), meaning "Yahweh has been gracious".[1] Several obscure figures in the Old Testament bore this name, and it grew in popularity once borne by the high priest Johanan (fl. 407 BC) and especially by King John Hyrcanus (d. 104 BC). In the second temple period, it was the fifth most popular male name among Jews in Judaea[4] and was borne by several important rabbis, such as Yochanan ben Zakai and Yochanan ben Nuri.

Germanic derivatives

The Germanic languages (including German, English and Scandinavian) produced the masculine Johann (also Johan (Dutch)), Joan,[5] Jan and Janke (Dutch), Jannis, Jens (Danish and Frisian), Jóhannes, Jóhann, (Icelandic and Faroese), Jön (Swedish), Hans (German, Dutch and Scandinavian)[6]

Name statistics

John was the most popular name given to male infants in the United States until 1924, and though its use has fallen off gradually since then, John was still the 20th most common name for boys on the Social Security Administration's list of names given in 2006.[7]

John was also among the most common masculine names in the United Kingdom, but by 2004 it had fallen out of the top 50 names for newborn boys in England and Wales.[8] By contrast Jack, which was a nickname for John but is now established as a name in its own right, was the most popular name given to newborn boys in England and Wales every year from 1995 to 2005.[8][9]

In other languages

For a more comprehensive list, see Alternate forms for the name John.
Language Masculine form Feminine form
Afrikaans Jan, Johan, Johann, Johannes, Hannes, Hans Hanna, Jana, Janke, Johanna
Albanian Gjon, Gjin, Joan, Jani Gjonika
Amharic ዮሐንስ (Yoḥännǝs)
Arabic يحيى (Yaḥyā, Qurʾānic), يوحنا (Yūḥannā, Biblical) or حنّا (Henna or Hanna)
Aramaic (Syriac) ܝܘܚܢܢ (Yuḥanon), ܚܢܐ (Henna or Hanna), ܐܝܘܢ (Ewan)
Aragonese Chuan Chuana
Armenian Հովհաննես (Hovhannes); Օհաննես (Ohannes); Classical Armenian: Յովհաննէս (Hovhannēs)
Asturian Xuan Xuana
Basque Manez, Ganix, Joanes, Iban Ibane, Jone
Belarusian Ян (Yan), Янка (Yanka), Янэк (Yanek), Ясь (Yas'), Іван (Ivan) Янiна (Yanina)
Bengali ইয়াহিয়া (Iyahiya), য়াহয়া (Yahya)
Bosnian Ivan, Jahija Ivana
Breton Yann, Yannig Jan, Janig, Yannez
Bulgarian Иван (Ivan), Йоан (Yoan), Янко (Yanko), Яне (Yane) Ивана (Ivana), Иванка (Ivanka), Йоан[н]а (Yoana), Яна (Yana), Янка (Yanka)
Catalan Joan, Jan, Ivan Joana, Jana, Janna
Chinese simplified Chinese: 约翰; traditional Chinese: 約翰; pinyin: Yuēhàn
Coptic ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ (Iohannes), ⲓⲱⲁ (Ioa)
Cornish Jowan
Corsican Ghjuvanni Ghjuvanna
Croatian Ivan, Ivo, Ive, Ivica, Ivano, Ivanko, Janko, Ivek Ivana, Iva, Ivanka, Ivančica, Ivka
Czech Jan, Honza, Hanuš Jana, Johana, Johanka
Danish Hans, Jens, Jan, Johan, Johannes, Hanne, Johanne
Dawan Yohanes Yohana
Dutch Han, Hannes, Hans, Jan, Johan, Johannes, Jannes, Jens, Wannes, Sjeng Hanne, Hanna, Hannah, Jana, Janke, Janne, Janneke, Jannetje, Jantje, Johanna
Emiliano-Romagnolo Guiàn, Zvan
English Evan, Ian, John, Johnny, Jack, Shawn, Sean, Shaun, Shane, Shani Joan, Joanna, Joanne, Joann, Jan, Jane, Jayne, Jayna, Janet, Janice, Janis, Jean, Jeane, Jeanne, Jeannie, Luan, Shany
Estonian Jaan, Juhan, Juho, Janno, Jukk, Jaanus, Johannes, Hannes, Hans Jaana, Johanna
Esperanto Johano
Extremaduran Huan
Faroese Jann, Janus, Jens, Jenis, Jóan, Jóannes, Jónar, Jógvan, Jóhann, Jóhannes, Hannis, Hanus, Hans[10]
Fijian Jone, Ioane
Filipino Juan Juana
Finnish Johannes, Jussi, Janne, Jani, Juho, Juha, Juhana, Juhani, Jukka, Juntti (archaic), Hannes, Hannu[11] Joni, Jonne Johanna, Joanna, Jonna, Janette, Janna, Jaana, Hanna, Hanne
French Jean, Jehan (outdated) Jeanne, Jeannette (short), Jehane (outdated)
Galician Xoán, Xan Xoana
Georgian იოანე (Ioane), ივანე (Ivane), იოვანე (Iovane), ვანო (Vano), ივა (Iva)
German Hans, Hannes, Johannes, Johann, Jan, Jens Jana, Janina, Johanna, Hanna, Hanne
Greek Ιωάννης (Ioannis), Γιάννης (Yiannis, sometimes Giannis) Ιωάννα (Ioanna), Γιάννα (Yianna, sometimes Gianna)
Guaraní Huã
Hawaiian Keoni, ʻIoane
Hebrew יוחנן (Yôḥānān) Johanan יוחנה (Yôḥannā) Johanna
Hungarian János, Iván, Jancsi (moniker) Johanna, Hanna, Zsanett, Janka
Icelandic Jóhann, Jóhannes, Jón, Hannes Jóhanna
Indian/Hindi Yohana, Yuhanna, Ayan
Indian/Telugu యెాహాను Yohanu యెాహన్న yohanna
Indonesian/Malay Iwan, Yahya, Yan, Yaya, Johan, Yohanes, Yuan Yohana, Yana, Hana
Interlingua Luan Luana
Irish Seán, Shaun, Eóin Sinéad, Seona, Seána Siobhán, Síne, Siún
Italian Gianni, Giannino, Gionino, Giovanni, Ivan, Ivano, Ivo, Vanni, Nino, Vannino Giovanna, Gianna, Giannina, Ivana, Iva, Nina, Vania
Japanese ヨハネ (Yohane), ジョン (Jon)
Kazakh Жақия (Zhaqiya, Yahya), Шоқан (Shoqan)
Kyrgyz Жакыя (Jakyya, Yahya), Жакан (Jakan)
Korean 요한 (Yohan)[12]
Kristang Juang
Kupang Malay Yohanis Yohana
Latin Iohannes, Ioannes Iohn
Latvian Jānis, Janis, Jancis, Janka, Jans, Jāns, Jānuss, Jānušs, Jonass, Žans, Žanis, Džons, Džonijs, Džanni, Džovanni, Ians, Īans, Džeks, Šeins, Johans, Hans, Hanss, Ansis, Johaness, Johanness, Johanāns, Haness, Hanness, Ivans, Aivans, Aivens, Aiens Jana, Janīna, Janīne, Džoana, Džoanna, Džanīna, Dženeta, Johanna, Hanna, Anna
Lithuanian Jonas Janina, Jonė, Janė, Joana
Lombard Giuàn
Macedonian Јован (Jovan), Јованче (Jovanče), Иван (Ivan), Јане (Jane) Јована (Jovana), Јованка (Jovanka), Ивана (Ivana), Иванка (Ivanka), Јана (Jana)
Malayalam യോഹന്നാൻ (Yōhannān) ഉലഹന്നാൻ (Ulahannan) ലോനപ്പൻ (Lonappan) നയിനാ൯ (Nainan, Ninan)
Maltese Ġwanni
Mandaic Yuhana
Māori Hoani, Hōne
Norwegian Johan, Johannes, John, Jon, Jan, Hans
Persian یوحنا (Yohannan), یحیی (Yahya)
Piedmontese Gioann
Polish Jan, Janusz Janina, Joanna
Portuguese João, Ivo, Ivan, Ivã Joana, Iva, Ivana
Romanian Ioan, Ionuț, Ionel, Ionică, Nelu, Iancu Ioana, Ionela
Russian Иван (Ivan), Иоанн (Ioann, Hebrew form), Ян (Yan) Яна (Yana), Жaннa (Žanna), Иoaннa (Yoanna, Hebrew form)
Samoan Ioane Ioana
Samogitian Juons
Sardinian Giuanni
Scots Ian, John, Jock, Janet, Jonet
Scottish Gaelic Ian, Iain, Eòin, Seathan, Euan/Ewan, Seòna, Seònag, Seònaid, Siubhan, Sìne
Serbian Јован (Jovan), Иван (Ivan), Јанко (Janko), Јовица (Jovica), Ивица (Ivica), Ивко (Ivko) Јована (Jovana), Ивана (Ivana), Јованка (Jovanka), Иванка (Ivanka)
Sicilian Giuvanni, Giuanni Giuvanna, Giuanna
Sinhala Juwam, Yohan
Slovak Ján, Johan Jana, Johana
Slovene Janez, Ivan, Ivo, Jan, Janko, Anže, Anžej
Spanish Juan, Jon, Nuño Juana, Juanita, Nuña
Swedish Jan, Johan, Johannes, John, Hans, Hannes Johanna, Hanna
Sylheti য়াহয়া (Yahya)
Syriac (Aramaic) ܝܘܚܢܢ (Yuḥanon), ܚܢܐ (Ḥanna), ܐܝܘܢ (Ewan)
Tamil யோவான் (Yovaan)
Tongan Sione
Turkish Yahya, Yuhanna
Ukrainian Іван (Ivan), Іванко (Ivanko), Ян (Jan) Іванна (Ivanna), Іванка (Ivanka), Яна (Jana)
Valencian Joan Joana
Vietnamese Dương, Giăng, Gioan
Welsh Evan, Ianto, Ieuan, Ifan, Ioan, Siôn Siân, Sioned, Siwan

People with name John

Royalty

Politicians

Businessmen

Military

Musicians

Scientists

Writers

Actors

Sportsmen

Criminals

Colonial people

  • John Custis (1678–1749), North American Colonial British politician
  • John Parke Custis (1754–1781), son of Martha Washington
  • John Wayles (1715–1773), American colonial planter and slave trader

Others

Pseudonyms

  • Bible John, unidentified serial killer
  • Chicken John (born 1967 or 1968), musician, showman, activist, and author
  • Jihadi John (1988–2015), nickname for Kuwaiti–born British militant Mohammed Emwazi
  • John Doe, placeholder name for an anonymous person

Fictional characters

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "John" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ^ Hanks, Patrick; Hardcastle, Kate; Hodges, Flavia (2006), A Dictionary of First Names, Oxford Paperback Reference (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 146, ISBN 978-0-19-861060-1
  3. ^ Behind the Name: John.
  4. ^ Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus Christ and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. p. 70. ISBN 0-8028-3162-1.
  5. ^ For example, Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol.
  6. ^ Campbell, Mike. "Behind the Name: Meaning, origin and history of the name Jón". Behind the Name.
  7. ^ "Popular Baby Names". Ssa.gov. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  8. ^ a b "Top UK baby names 2004". Babycentre.co.uk. Archived from the original on April 6, 2006. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  9. ^ "National Statistics". Statistics.gov.uk. September 8, 2009. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  10. ^ Faroe Media. "Málráðið".
  11. ^ Kotus.fi
  12. ^ "성경 (See e.g. Luke 1:13,60,63)" (in Korean). Catholic Bishops' Conference of Korea. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
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