Hunter Biden
Hunter Biden | |
---|---|
![]() Biden at the Center for Strategic & International Studies in 2013 | |
Vice Chairman of the National Railroad Passenger Corporation | |
In office July 26, 2006 – January 29, 2009 | |
President | |
Succeeded by | Donna McLean |
Personal details | |
Born | Robert Hunter Biden February 4, 1970 Wilmington, Delaware, U.S. |
Spouses |
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Children | 5 |
Parents | |
Relatives | Biden family |
Education | |
Occupation |
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Military service | |
Branch/service | United States Navy |
Years of service | 2013–2014 |
Rank | Ensign |
Unit | United States Navy Reserve |
Robert Hunter Biden (born February 4, 1970) is an American attorney and the second son of U.S. President Joe Biden and his first wife Neilia Hunter Biden. Hunter's diverse investments include hedge funds, venture capital, and private-equity funds. He has also worked as a lobbyist, banker, public administration official, and registered lobbyist-firm attorney. In 2013, he co-founded BHR Partners, a firm managed by the Bank of China Ltd., a majority communist-owned bank, focusing on mergers, acquisitions, and reforms of state-owned enterprises. Hunter's business dealings, particularly in China, prompted a 2018 Justice Department investigation into his finances, which he asserts he learned about in December 2020 and has cooperated with fully. In 2012, Hunter applied to join the U.S. Navy Reserve, and was one of seven applicants to be recommended by a board of senior Navy officers for a direct commission as a public affairs officer.[1] In 2014, he received an administrative discharge after testing positive for cocaine.[2] In 2020, Hunter began showcasing his artwork as a painter, which ignited some ethics concerns for the White House in light of a relatively unknown artist garnering high-prices for pieces considered amateurish, which raised concerns over a potential conflict of interest relative to buying favors.[3][4][5]
Emails allege Hunter Biden received substantial fees from Chinese executives that involve Joe Biden, which both Bidens deny. Hunter's former business partner, Tony Bobulinski, claims Joe Biden was consulted on potential deals, heightening scrutiny on his vice-presidential activities. Bobulinski, says he asked Joe Biden's brother, James, whether the family was concerned about possible scrutiny of the former vice-president's involvement in a potential business deal with a Chinese entity. Mr Bobulinski told Fox News that James Biden had replied: "Plausible deniability." Hunter departed BHR’s board by April 2020 and, according to his attorney, cut all interests by November 2021.[6] On December 7, 2023, the DOJ charged him with tax offenses, facing up to 17 years in prison if convicted, though he pleads not guilty.[7]
Hunter also served on the board of Burisma Holdings, a major Ukrainian natural gas producer, from 2014 to 2019 amidst corruption investigations that began prior to his serving on their board. Hunter Biden's business dealings have been at the center of controversy, particularly following the release of contents from his laptop. Emails suggest that Hunter organized a private dinner at Cafe Milano in April 2015, attended by his father, Joe Biden, and Vadym Pozharskyi, a Ukrainian energy executive from Burisma, where Hunter served on the board. Despite these emails and subsequent testimonies, the White House has consistently denied that Joe Biden ever met with Pozharskyi. The narrative took a significant turn when Devon Archer, a former business partner of Hunter’s, testified before Congress, affirming that Joe Biden did attend the dinner alongside Pozharskyi. This testimony contrasted starkly with the White House's repeated denials. The controversy extends beyond this dinner, with ongoing disputes about Joe Biden's involvement in his son's business affairs and the authenticity of emails suggesting such interactions. These conflicting accounts have fueled continuous political and public debate, amplified by an impeachment inquiry and numerous media reports.[8]
The New York Post revealed a controversial laptop in 2020, confirmed by the DOJ in January 2024 to belong to Hunter Biden and subsequently used in his federal gun trial.[9][10] Biden's team denounced the New York Post story, attempting to cast blame on "Russian disinformation", though they neither denounced nor claimed the emails were bogus.[6] Despite initial skepticism, The New York Times and The Washington Post authenticated some emails in March 2022. Hunter's tax affairs have been under federal criminal investigation since December 2020.
On June 11, 2024, Hunter was convicted of three felony gun charges related to a 2018 incident involving illegal firearm purchase while using drugs. This conviction, during Joe Biden's presidency, marks a first for a sitting president's immediate family member. Hunter Biden faces up to 25 years in prison and $750,000 in fines, though a lesser sentence as a first-time offender is expected.[11]
Early life
Robert Hunter Biden was born on February 4, 1970,[12] in Wilmington, Delaware. He is the second son of Neilia Biden (née Hunter) and Joe Biden.[13] Hunter Biden's mother and younger sister Naomi were killed in an automobile crash on December 18, 1972.[14][15] Biden and his older brother Beau were also seriously injured but survived. Beau suffered multiple broken bones while Hunter sustained a fractured skull and severe traumatic brain injuries.[16] Both spent several months in the hospital, where their father was sworn into the U.S. Senate in January 1973.[17][18][19][13] Hunter and Beau later encouraged their father to marry again,[20] and Jill Jacobs became their stepmother in 1977.[13] Biden's half-sister Ashley was born in 1981.[21]
Like his father and brother, Biden attended Catholic high school Archmere Academy in Claymont, Delaware.[13] He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in history from Georgetown University in 1992.[13] During the year after he graduated from college, he served as a Jesuit volunteer at a church in Portland, Oregon, and met Kathleen Buhle, whom he married in 1993.[13] After attending Georgetown University Law Center for one year, he transferred to Yale Law School and graduated in 1996.[13]
Early career
After graduating from law school in 1996, Biden accepted a consultant position at the bank holding company MBNA, whose employees donated more than $200,000 into Joe Biden's senate campaigns.[13][22] MBNA's hiring of Biden was controversial because his father had pushed for credit card legislation which was beneficial to the credit card industry and was supported by MBNA during Biden's time at the bank.[23][24] The legislation made it more difficult to get bankruptcy protection.[24] This led to Byron York of National Review referring to Joe Biden, years later, as "the senator from MBNA" referencing the close relationship between the two.[25][26] By 1998, Hunter Biden had risen to the rank of executive vice president at MBNA.[13] Biden departed from MBNA in 2001.[24] He then left to serve at the United States Department of Commerce, focusing on ecommerce policy for President Bill Clinton's administration.[27] Biden then became a lobbyist, co-founding the firm of Oldaker, Biden & Belair.[28] According to Adam Entous of The New Yorker, Biden and his father established a relationship in which "Biden wouldn't ask Hunter about his lobbying clients, and Hunter wouldn't tell his father about them."[13]
Hunter Biden was appointed to a five-year term on the board of directors of Amtrak by President George W. Bush in 2006.[29] Biden was the board's vice chairman from July 2006 until 2009; he was replaced as Vice Chairman in January[30] and resigned from the board in February,[31] shortly after his father became vice president. Biden said during his father's vice-presidential campaign that it was time for his lobbying activities to end.[13]
Investor and lobbyist
In 2006, Biden and his uncle James Biden purchased international hedge fund Paradigm Global Advisors; Hunter was interim CEO of the fund[32] for five years, until 2011.[33] In September 2008, Biden launched a consultancy company named Seneca Global Advisors that offered to help companies expand into foreign markets.[34] Biden was a partner in investment vehicles that included the name "Seneca" to denote his participation.[35] In 2009, he, Devon Archer, and Christopher Heinz founded the investment and advisory firm Rosemont Seneca Partners.[28] He also co-founded venture capital firm Eudora Global.[21] He held the position of counsel in the law firm Boies Schiller Flexner LLP in 2014.[13] Biden was on the board of directors of World Food Program USA, a 501(c)(3) charity based in Washington, D.C. that supports the work of the UN World Food Programme from 2011 to 2017; he served as board chairman from 2011 to 2015.[36]
A detailed analysis of Hunter Biden's hard drive by NBC News showed that Biden and his firm were paid $11 million from 2013 to 2018.[37]
Several bank accounts linked to Hunter Biden have received $3.8 million in payments from CEFC China Energy, an oil and gas company with links to the Chinese Communist Party.[38]
BHR Partners
From 2013 to 2020, Biden served as a member of the board of the China-based private equity fund BHR Partners, of which he acquired a 10% stake in 2017 at a discount.[39][40] The founders of BHR Partners included Biden's Rosemont Seneca Partners investment firm (20% equity), along with US-based Thornton Group LLC (10% equity) and two asset managers registered in China.[41][42][34] The Chinese-registered asset managers are the Bank of China (via BOC International Holdings-backed Bohai Industrial Investment Fund Management) and Deutsche Bank-backed Harvest Fund Management.[43]
In September 2019, then President Trump expressed concern over Hunter Biden's potential malfeasance in Ukraine, and also alleged that Biden "walk[ed] out of China with $1.5 billion in a fund" and earned "millions" of dollars from the BHR deal.[44][45] Trump publicly called upon China to investigate Hunter Biden's business activities there while his father was vice president.[46][47] Hunter Biden announced his resignation from the board of directors for BHR Partners on October 13, 2019, effective at the end of the month.[48][49] According to his lawyer, Biden had "not received any compensation for being on BHR's board of directors" nor had he received any return on his equity share in BHR.[50] Biden's lawyer George Mesires told The Washington Post that BHR Partners had been "capitalized from various sources with a total of 30 million RMB [Chinese Renminbi], or about $4.2 million, not $1.5 billion".[44] Chinese records showed Biden was no longer on BHR's board by April 2020. Biden's attorney said in November 2021 that his client no longer held any direct or indirect interest in BHR.[51]
The BHR Partners fund invests Chinese venture capital into tech startups like an early-stage investment in Chinese car hailing app DiDi and cross-border acquisitions in automotive and mining, such as the purchase of a stake in Democratic Republic of Congo copper and cobalt producer Tenke Fungurume Mining.[52][53] The New York Times reported that BHR Partners helped finance a coal-mining company in Australia that was controlled by a Chinese state-owned enterprise, assisted a subsidiary of a Chinese defense company in acquiring an auto parts manufacturer in Michigan, and helped facilitate a Chinese firm's US$3.8 billion purchase of one of the world's richest cobalt mines in Democratic Republic of Congo. A former BHR board member told the Times that Biden and the other American BHR founders were not involved in the mine deal.[51][54][55]
Burisma Holdings
Biden joined the board of Burisma Holdings owned by Ukrainian oligarch and former politician Mykola Zlochevsky, who was facing a money laundering investigation just after the Ukrainian revolution, in April 2014.[56][57] Biden was hired to help Burisma with corporate governance best practices, while still an attorney with Boies Schiller Flexner, and a consulting firm in which Biden is a partner was also retained by Burisma.[58][59] Christopher Heinz, John Kerry's stepson, opposed his partners Devon Archer and Hunter Biden joining the board in 2014 due to the reputational risk.[56] Biden served on the board of Burisma until his term expired in April 2019, receiving compensation of up to $50,000 per month in some months.[59][58] Then Vice President Joe Biden played a significant role in U.S. policy relative to Ukraine, some Ukrainian anti-corruption advocates and Obama administration officials expressed concern that Hunter Biden having joined the board could create the appearance of a conflict of interest, and undermine Joe Biden's anti-corruption work in Ukraine.[13][56] Vice President Biden joined other Western leaders in encouraging the government of Ukraine to fire the country's top prosecutor Viktor Shokin.[60] He was widely criticized over his interference and alleged blocking of corruption investigations.[61][62] The Ukrainian parliament voted to remove Shokin in March 2016.[63][64]
In 2019, former President Trump and his personal lawyer Rudy Giuliani claimed Joe Biden sought the dismissal of Shokin to protect his son who was serving on the Board of Burisma Holdings. At the time, the United States and the European Union were seeking Shokin's removal.[65][66] In March 2016, former ambassador to Ukraine John E. Herbst, in his testimony to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, stated, "By late fall of 2015, the EU and the United States joined the chorus of those seeking Mr. Shokin's removal" and that Joe Biden "spoke publicly about this before and during his December visit to Kyiv". During the same hearing, assistant secretary of state Victoria Nuland stated, "we have pegged our next $1 billion loan guarantee, first and foremost, to having a rebooting of the reform coalition so that we know who we are working with, but secondarily, to ensuring that the prosecutor general's office gets cleaned up." There has also been no evidence produced of wrongdoing by Hunter Biden in Ukraine.[67][68]
The Ukrainian anti-corruption investigation agency stated in September 2019 that its current investigation of Burisma was restricted solely to investigating the period from 2010 to 2012, before Hunter Biden joined Burisma in 2014.[69] Shokin, in May 2019, claimed that he was fired because he had been actively investigating Burisma.[70] However, U.S. and Ukrainian officials have stated that the investigation into Burisma was dormant at the time of Shokin's dismissal.[56][70][71] Ukrainian and United States State Department sources note that Shokin was fired for failing to address corruption, including within his office.[72][73]
Investigations
In December 2020, Biden made a public announcement via his attorney that his tax affairs are under federal criminal investigation.[74][75] The New York Times and CNN, citing sources familiar with the investigation, described the investigation as having started in late 2018 and being related to potential violations of tax and money laundering laws and his business dealings in foreign countries, principally China.[74][75] The Wall Street Journal reported that Biden had provided legal and consulting services that generated foreign-earned income, citing a Senate Republicans' report that says millions of dollars in wire transfers from entities linked to Chinese energy tycoon Ye Jianming were paying for such services.[40] The New York Times reported that according to people familiar with the inquiry, FBI investigators had been unable to establish sufficient evidence for a prosecution of potential money laundering crimes, including after the seizure of a laptop purportedly belonging to Biden, and so the investigation progressed onto tax issues.[75][76][77] The Times reported in May 2022 that Hollywood attorney and writer Kevin Morris, who has become an influential adviser/confidant and now financier to Biden, lent him more than $2 million to pay back taxes and support his family.[78]
The New York Times reported in March 2022 that since 2018 Biden and possibly others had been under investigation by federal prosecutors in Delaware, with a grand jury convened to subpoena and hear evidence. The investigation examined payments and gifts Biden or his associates had received from foreign interests and whether Biden had violated the law by not registering as a lobbyist under the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA). The Times reported it had acquired emails that were authenticated by people familiar with them and the investigation that appeared to come from a laptop belonging to Biden. One April 2014 email, written by Biden to his business partner as their work with Burisma was about to begin, noted that his father, then the vice president who would soon visit Kyiv, should "be characterized as part of our advice and thinking—but what he will say and do is out of our hands." The email also stated that Burisma officials "need to know in no uncertain terms that we will not and cannot intervene directly with domestic policymakers, and that we need to abide by FARA and any other U.S. laws in the strictest sense across the board." Biden wrote that his father's visit "could be a really good thing or it could end up creating too great an expectation. We need to temper expectations regarding that visit." He also wrote that his employer, the law firm Boies Schiller Flexner, could help Burisma through "direct discussions at state, energy and NSC." Other emails showed Biden and his business partner discussing inviting foreign business associates, including a Burisma executive, to attend an April 2015 dinner in Washington, where the vice president would stop by.[79]
A July 2022 report from CNN authenticated emails which showed that Biden was struggling with large debt and overdue tax bills.[80][81]
In October 2022, The Washington Post reported that federal agents had determined months ago that they had assembled enough evidence for a viable criminal case against Biden to charge him with crimes related to making false declarations during a gun purchase, as well as tax-related crimes. The next step is for Delaware U.S. Attorney David C. Weiss to decide on whether to file such charges.[82]
Federal investigators have also been examining the lobbying firm Blue Star Strategies, which Burisma retained while Biden sat on its board, for possible illegal lobbying of American officials. There was no indication Biden was a subject of the investigation. Blue Star employees said in Senate testimony that Biden was included in emails about the firm's work but that he was not particularly involved. One of the firm's co-founders said Biden did not direct its work. Blue Star's work came after Burisma's owner was criticized by the United States State Department, and the firm's founders testified the firm had merely approached officials to determine the government's views of Burisma.[83][84]
Laptop controversy
In October 2020, during the last weeks of the 2020 United States presidential election, the New York Post published an article, with the involvement of Donald Trump's personal attorney Rudy Giuliani and former chief strategist Steve Bannon, about a laptop computer belonging to Hunter Biden. The laptop contained an email describing what the New York Post characterized as a "meeting" between Joe Biden and Vadym Pozharskyi, a Burisma advisor, in 2015, though that characterization was disputed by witnesses.[85] The email between Hunter Biden and Pozharskyi would later be authenticated.[86].
The article's veracity was strongly questioned by most mainstream media outlets, analysts and intelligence officials, only to be proven wrong, demonstrating mainstream media's left-wing biases. Their reason for questioning weighed heavily on the unknown chain of custody of the laptop and its contents, and unwarranted suspicions that it may have been part of a Russian disinformation campaign.[34][87][88] As of 2022, Vox reported that no evidence had ever emerged "that the laptop's leak was a Russian plot."[89] In March 2022, The New York Times reported that they found emails "from a cache of files that appears to have come from a laptop abandoned by Mr. Biden in a Delaware repair shop."[89][90] Also in March, The Washington Post reported that two security experts confirmed the veracity of thousands of emails purportedly from Hunter Biden's laptop. However, "The vast majority of the data — and most of the nearly 129,000 emails it contained — could not be verified by either of the two security experts who reviewed the data for The Post."[91] Among the emails that The Washington Post was able to authenticate was the Pozharskyi email that formed the basis of the New York Post's original article.[91] In May, NBC News published an analysis of a copy of the hard drive they received from Giuliani and documents released by Republicans on two Senate committees. The analysis found that Biden's firm took in $11 million from 2013 to 2018 and spent the money quickly. The analysis also found that few of Biden's deals ever came to fruition.[92]
In January 2024, the DOJ confirmed that the laptop did belong to Hunter Biden, and has since been used in depositions for Hunter's federal gun trial. Other media outlets opted not to publish the story due to questions about the lack of provenance. In March 2022, The New York Times and The Washington Post concluded that some of the emails found on the device were authentic.[86][90] Since December 2020, Biden's tax affairs have been under federal criminal investigation.[74][75]
Work as an artist
In February 2020, The New York Times reported that Biden had been painting as an "undiscovered artist" in his Hollywood Hills home. The report also displayed some of his paintings, including "Untitled #4 (a study in ink)" and "Untitled #3 (a signed work)". Biden's art dealer, Georges Bergès, hosted a private viewing for Biden in Los Angeles in Fall 2021, followed by an exhibition in New York. Bidens painting were put up for sale for as much as $500,000 per painting, which raised concerns about transparency and potential conflicts of interest.[93][94]
Concerns over potential conflicts of interest in Hunter Biden's art career have intensified following statements from his art dealer, Georges Bergès, contradicting an alleged White House ethics agreement. Initially reported by the Washington Post and CNN in 2021, the agreement purportedly aimed to maintain anonymity for buyers of Hunter Biden’s artwork to avoid political conflicts. However, Bergès has stated that no such agreement exists, and he had no contact with the White House regarding this matter.[5]
Republican James Comer, chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Accountability, has criticized Hunter Biden’s art career, calling it "an ethics nightmare." He claims that Hunter was aware of his art buyers' identities, contradicting the ethical guidelines aimed at preventing potential political conflicts. This issue forms part of a broader Republican effort to link Hunter Biden’s business activities to an impeachment campaign against President Joe Biden. Hunter Biden has denied any connection between his business endeavors and his father, arguing that the attacks are politically motivated as the 2024 campaign approaches.[5]
Biden's application for a position in the U.S. Navy Reserve was approved in May 2013.[95] At age 43, Biden was accepted as part of a program that allows a limited number of applicants with desirable skills to receive commissions and serve in staff positions.[96] Biden received an age-related waiver and a waiver due to a past drug-related incident; he was sworn in as a direct commission officer.[95] Joe Biden administered his commissioning oath in a White House ceremony.[13]
The following month, Biden tested positive for cocaine during a urinalysis test and was subsequently discharged administratively.[97][98] Biden attributed the result to smoking cigarettes he had accepted from other smokers, claiming the cigarettes were laced with cocaine.[13] He chose not to appeal the matter as it was unlikely that the panel would believe his explanation given his history with drugs[99][100] and also due to the likelihood of news leaking to the press; it was ultimately revealed to The Wall Street Journal by a Navy official who provided the information.[13][95]
Personal life
Biden married Kathleen Buhle in 1993.[13] They have three daughters: Naomi, Finnegan, and Maisy.[21] The couple divorced in 2017.[101] Biden began a relationship with Hallie Biden, widow of his brother Beau, in 2016;[102][103] the relationship ended by 2019.[104]
Biden is also the father of a daughter born to Lunden Alexis Roberts in Arkansas in August 2018.[105][106][107] Roberts filed a paternity suit in May 2019, which was settled in March 2020 for an undisclosed amount.[108]
Biden married South African filmmaker Melissa Cohen in May 2019.[99][109] Their son Beau was born in March 2020 in Los Angeles.[110][111]
Drug and alcohol abuse
Biden has had a life-long struggle with drug and alcohol abuse, and detailed his struggles in his memoir Beautiful Things.[112][113] He believes his addiction can be linked back to trauma from the 1972 motor vehicle accident that killed his mother and sister.[114] Over the past two decades, Biden has been in and out of rehabilitation, with long periods of sobriety followed by relapses. Following the death of his brother Beau, his addiction escalated, and he claims to have been "smoking crack every 15 minutes."[115] A detailed analysis of Hunter Biden's hard drive by NBC News showed that Biden and his firm were paid $11 million from 2013 to 2018, and the funds fueled his addiction. In his autobiography Beautiful Things, he said that the money from Burisma "turned into a major enabler during my steepest skid into addiction" and "hounded me to spend recklessly, dangerously, destructively. Humiliatingly. So I did."[37] In early 2019, he had an intervention.[116]
Memoir
Biden released a memoir discussing the trauma of the accident that claimed the lives of his mother and sister and his later addiction struggles, titled Beautiful Things on April 6, 2021.[117] In The New York Times, reviewer Elisabeth Egan described the book as "equal parts family saga, grief narrative and addict's howl."[118]
Firearm felony convictions
On June 11, 2024, a federal jury convicted Hunter Biden on three felony gun charges related to his illegal purchase and possession of a firearm while being addicted to or using drugs. The conviction occurred during Joe Biden's presidency for crimes Hunter committed in 2018, and marks the first time a sitting president's child has received a felony conviction during their term. Hunter's charges included lying about his drug use on a federal background check and possessing a firearm while addicted to, or while using drugs. He faces up to 25 years in prison and fines up to $750,000 but as a first-time offender, a lesser sentence is expected. Sentencing is anticipated before the presidential election in November 2024.[11]
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The dealings got the younger Mr. Biden a discounted stake in a private-equity firm in China... the cost for Mr. Biden's 10% stake, at $420,000, was based on BHR's startup value in 2013, filings show. Of that, at least a third was provided in the form of loans from other BHR principals, according to people familiar with the situation.
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US President Donald Trump said on Sunday he wants and deserves to meet the anonymous whistleblower at the center of the fast-moving scandal that has triggered an impeachment probe against him ... Brandishing what he said were affidavits incriminating Biden's son Hunter over his work at a Ukrainian company, Giuliani said Trump was duty bound to raise the issue with Kiev. Trump and his allies claim Biden, as Barack Obama's vice president, pressured Kiev to fire the country's top prosecutor to protect his son Hunter, who sat on the board of a gas company, Burisma Holdings, accused of corrupt practices. Those allegations have largely been debunked and there has been no evidence of illegal conduct or wrongdoing in Ukraine by the Bidens.
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Trump pressed Zelenskiy to investigate the business dealings of the son of his political rival, former Vice President Joe Biden, the Democratic front-runner to challenge Trump in an election next year. Zelenskiy agreed. Biden's son Hunter worked for a company drilling for gas in Ukraine. There has been no evidence of wrongdoing by either Biden.
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Messrs. Trump and Giuliani have suggested that Joe Biden pushed for the firing of Ukraine's general prosecutor, Viktor Shokin, in March 2016 to stop an investigation into Burisma. In Ukraine, government officials and anticorruption advocates say that is a misrepresentation ... Mr. Shokin had dragged his feet into those investigations, Western diplomats said, and effectively squashed one in London by failing to cooperate with U.K. authorities ... In a speech in 2015, the U.S. ambassador to Ukraine, Otto Pyatt, called the Ukrainian prosecutor "an obstacle" to anticorruption efforts
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