Etchmiadzin uezd
Etchmiadzin uezd
Эчміадзинскій уѣздъ | |
---|---|
Country | Russian Empire |
Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
Governorate | Erivan |
Established | 1849 |
Abolished | 1930 |
Capital | Vagorshapat (present-day Vagharshapat) |
Area | |
• Total | 3,684.36 km2 (1,422.54 sq mi) |
Population (1916) | |
• Total | 167,786 |
• Density | 46/km2 (120/sq mi) |
• Rural | 100.00% |
The Etchmiadzin uezd[a] was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Alexandropol uezd to the north, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, Erivan uezd to the north, the Surmalu uezd to the south, and the Kars Oblast to the west. It included all of the Armavir Province and most of the Aragatsotn Province of present-day Armenia. The county's administrative center was the town of Vagorshapat (Vagharshapat), also referred to as Etchmiadzin—the administrative capital of the Armenian Apostolic Church.[1]
Administrative divisions
The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Etchmiadzin uezd in 1912 were as follows:[2]
Uchastok | Russian name | 1912 population | Area |
---|---|---|---|
1st | 1-й участокъ | 35,411 | 820.62 square versts (933.92 km2; 360.59 sq mi) |
2nd | 2-й участокъ | 56,711 | 431.09 square versts (490.61 km2; 189.42 sq mi) |
3rd | 3-й участокъ | 31,332 | 982.43 square versts (1,118.07 km2; 431.69 sq mi) |
4th | 4-й участокъ | 33,469 | 1,003.26 square versts (1,141.77 km2; 440.84 sq mi) |
Demographics
Russian Empire census (1897)
According to the Russian Empire census of 1897, the Etchmiadzin uezd had a population of 124,237, including 65,072 men and 59,165 women. The majority of the population indicated Armenian to be their mother tongue, with significant Tatar (later known as Azerbaijani) and Kurdish speaking minorities.[3]
Language | Native speakers | % |
---|---|---|
Armenian | 77,572 | 62.44 |
Tatar[b] | 35,999 | 28.98 |
Kurdish | 9,724 | 7.83 |
Tat | 439 | 0.35 |
Assyrian | 198 | 0.16 |
Russian | 94 | 0.08 |
Ukrainian | 81 | 0.07 |
Georgian | 51 | 0.04 |
Jewish | 27 | 0.02 |
Turkish | 9 | 0.01 |
Persian | 8 | 0.01 |
Polish | 8 | 0.01 |
Greek | 5 | 0.00 |
German | 2 | 0.00 |
Other | 20 | 0.02 |
TOTAL | 124,237 | 100.00 |
Caucasian Calendar (1917)
According to the 1917 publication of the Caucasian Calendar, the Etchmiadzin uezd had 167,786 residents in 1916, including 86,716 men and 81,070 women, 148,794 of whom were the permanent population, and 18,992 were temporary residents. The statistics indicated an overwhelmingly Armenian population with sizeable Shia Muslim and Kurdish minorities:[4]
Nationality | Number | % |
---|---|---|
Armenians | 115,026 | 68.56 |
Shia Muslims[c] | 41,310 | 24.62 |
Kurds | 9,653 | 5.75 |
Yazidis | 1,118 | 0.67 |
Roma | 410 | 0.24 |
Asiatic Christians | 186 | 0.11 |
Jews | 42 | 0.03 |
Russians[d] | 41 | 0.02 |
TOTAL | 167,786 | 100.00 |
Notes
- ^
- Russian: Эчміадзи́нскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Echmiadzínsky uyézd
- Armenian: Էջմիածնի գավառ, romanized: Ejmiatsni gavar
- Azerbaijani: ائچمیدزین قزاسؽ, romanized: Eçmiədzin qəzası
- ^ Later known as Azerbaijani.
- ^ Primarily Tatars,[5] later known as Azerbaijanis.[6]
- ^ The Caucasian Calendar did not distinguish between Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians.
References
- ^ Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus. Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 59. ISBN 9780300153088.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. pp. 172–179. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
- ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. pp. 214–221. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- ^ Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
- ^ Bournoutian 2015, p. 35.
Bibliography
- Bournoutian, George (2015). "Demographic Changes in the Southwest Caucasus, 1604–1830: The Case of Historical Eastern Armenia". Forum of EthnoGeoPolitics. Amsterdam. 3 (2).
- Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-01805-2.
Coordinates: 40°10′22″N 44°17′33″E / 40.17278°N 44.29250°E
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- Vagharshapat
- Aragatsotn Province
- Armavir Province
- Uezds of Erivan Governorate