Etchmiadzin uezd

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Etchmiadzin uezd
Эчміадзинскій уѣздъ
Uezd
Coat of arms of Etchmiadzin uezd
Coat of arms
Location in the Erivan Governorate
Location in the Erivan Governorate
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
GovernorateErivan
Established1849
Abolished1930
CapitalVagorshapat
(present-day Vagharshapat)
Area
 • Total3,684.36 km2 (1,422.54 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
 • Total167,786
 • Density46/km2 (120/sq mi)
 • Rural
100.00%

The Etchmiadzin uezd[a] was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Alexandropol uezd to the north, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, Erivan uezd to the north, the Surmalu uezd to the south, and the Kars Oblast to the west. It included all of the Armavir Province and most of the Aragatsotn Province of present-day Armenia. The county's administrative center was the town of Vagorshapat (Vagharshapat), also referred to as Etchmiadzin—the administrative capital of the Armenian Apostolic Church.[1]

Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Etchmiadzin uezd in 1912 were as follows:[2]

Uchastok Russian name 1912 population Area
1st 1-й участокъ 35,411 820.62 square versts (933.92 km2; 360.59 sq mi)
2nd 2-й участокъ 56,711 431.09 square versts (490.61 km2; 189.42 sq mi)
3rd 3-й участокъ 31,332 982.43 square versts (1,118.07 km2; 431.69 sq mi)
4th 4-й участокъ 33,469 1,003.26 square versts (1,141.77 km2; 440.84 sq mi)

Demographics

Russian Empire census (1897)

According to the Russian Empire census of 1897, the Etchmiadzin uezd had a population of 124,237, including 65,072 men and 59,165 women. The majority of the population indicated Armenian to be their mother tongue, with significant Tatar (later known as Azerbaijani) and Kurdish speaking minorities.[3]

Linguistic composition of the Etchmiadzin uezd in 1897[3]
Language Native speakers %
Armenian 77,572 62.44
Tatar[b] 35,999 28.98
Kurdish 9,724 7.83
Tat 439 0.35
Assyrian 198 0.16
Russian 94 0.08
Ukrainian 81 0.07
Georgian 51 0.04
Jewish 27 0.02
Turkish 9 0.01
Persian 8 0.01
Polish 8 0.01
Greek 5 0.00
German 2 0.00
Other 20 0.02
TOTAL 124,237 100.00

Caucasian Calendar (1917)

According to the 1917 publication of the Caucasian Calendar, the Etchmiadzin uezd had 167,786 residents in 1916, including 86,716 men and 81,070 women, 148,794 of whom were the permanent population, and 18,992 were temporary residents. The statistics indicated an overwhelmingly Armenian population with sizeable Shia Muslim and Kurdish minorities:[4]

Nationality Number %
Armenians 115,026 68.56
Shia Muslims[c] 41,310 24.62
Kurds 9,653 5.75
Yazidis 1,118 0.67
Roma 410 0.24
Asiatic Christians 186 0.11
Jews 42 0.03
Russians[d] 41 0.02
TOTAL 167,786 100.00

Notes

  1. ^
    • Russian: Эчміадзи́нскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Echmiadzínsky uyézd
    • Armenian: Էջմիածնի գավառ, romanized: Ejmiatsni gavar
    • Azerbaijani: ائچمیدزین قزاسؽ, romanized: Eçmiədzin qəzası
  2. ^ Later known as Azerbaijani.
  3. ^ Primarily Tatars,[5] later known as Azerbaijanis.[6]
  4. ^ The Caucasian Calendar did not distinguish between Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians.

References

  1. ^ Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus. Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 59. ISBN 9780300153088.
  2. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. pp. 172–179. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
  3. ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  4. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. pp. 214–221. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
  5. ^ Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
  6. ^ Bournoutian 2015, p. 35.

Bibliography

  • Bournoutian, George (2015). "Demographic Changes in the Southwest Caucasus, 1604–1830: The Case of Historical Eastern Armenia". Forum of EthnoGeoPolitics. Amsterdam. 3 (2).
  • Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-01805-2.
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Coordinates: 40°10′22″N 44°17′33″E / 40.17278°N 44.29250°E / 40.17278; 44.29250

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