Cynthia Lummis
Cynthia Lummis | |
---|---|
United States Senator from Wyoming | |
Assumed office January 3, 2021 Serving with John Barrasso | |
Preceded by | Mike Enzi |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Wyoming's at-large district | |
In office January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2017 | |
Preceded by | Barbara Cubin |
Succeeded by | Liz Cheney |
27th Treasurer of Wyoming | |
In office January 4, 1999 – January 9, 2007 | |
Governor | Jim Geringer Dave Freudenthal |
Preceded by | Stan Smith |
Succeeded by | Joseph Meyer |
Member of the Wyoming Senate from the 5th district | |
In office January 14, 1993 – January 10, 1995 | |
Preceded by | Harriet Elizabeth Byrd |
Succeeded by | Don Lawler |
Member of the Wyoming House of Representatives from the Laramie County district | |
In office January 7, 1985 – January 14, 1993 | |
In office January 8, 1979 – January 3, 1983 | |
Preceded by | Multi-member district |
Succeeded by | District abolished |
Personal details | |
Born | Cynthia Marie Lummis September 10, 1954 Cheyenne, Wyoming, U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse | |
Children | 1 |
Education | University of Wyoming (BS, JD) |
Signature | |
Website | Senate Website |
Cynthia Marie Lummis Wiederspahn (/ˈlʌmɪs/ LUMM-iss;[1] born September 10, 1954) is an American attorney and politician serving as the junior United States senator from Wyoming. Before her tenure in the Senate, she served in the Wyoming House of Representatives from Laramie County, Wyoming Senate from the 5th district, as treasurer of Wyoming, and in the United States House of Representatives from Wyoming's at-large congressional district.
Lummis was born in Cheyenne, Wyoming, and educated at Cheyenne East High School and the University of Wyoming. She was elected to the Wyoming House of Representatives in 1978 and reelected in 1980, becoming the youngest woman to serve in the state legislature. Despite choosing not to seek another term in 1982, Lummis returned to the state House and served there until being elected to the state Senate in 1992, defeating incumbent Senator Harriet Elizabeth Byrd. After serving one term in the state senate, she served on Governor Jim Geringer's transition team and as his general counsel.
In 1998, Lummis was elected treasurer of Wyoming, and she was reelected in 2002 without opposition. She served as the chair of Mary Mead's gubernatorial campaign in 1990 and Ray Hunkins's gubernatorial campaign in 2006. She also served on Bob Dole's presidential steering committee in Wyoming and chaired Mitt Romney's 2012 presidential campaign in Wyoming.
Lummis was elected to succeed Barbara Cubin in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2008 election after defeating Democratic nominee Gary Trauner. During her tenure in the House she was the first Wyoming representative to serve on the Agriculture committee since 1941, chair of the Science Subcommittee on Energy, served as co-chair of the Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues, and was active in the Congressional Western Caucus and Freedom Caucus. She served until her retirement in 2017, and was succeeded by Liz Cheney. Following her tenure in the House she sought a position in President Donald Trump's cabinet as the United States Secretary of the Interior, but was not appointed. Lummis unsuccessfully sought to be appointed to replace Senator Craig L. Thomas in 2007. She was elected to the United States Senate in the 2020 election, becoming the first woman to represent Wyoming in the U.S. Senate. She voted to reject the certification of Pennsylvania's electoral votes in the 2020 presidential election, which were narrowly won by Joe Biden.
Early life and education
Cynthia Marie Lummis was born on September 10, 1954, in Cheyenne, Wyoming, to Doran Lummis and Enid Bennett. She is descended from German immigrants and her family first came to Wyoming in 1868. Her father chaired the Laramie County Republican Party and served on the county board of commissioners. Her brother Del Lummis also chaired the Laramie County Republican Party.[2][3][4][5] Lummis attended Cheyenne East High School, and graduated from the University of Wyoming with a Bachelor of Science degree in animal science in 1976 and a Bachelor of Science in biology in 1978.[6][7][8] She graduated from the University of Wyoming with a Juris Doctor in 1985, and was on the dean's list.[9][10] She worked as a student teacher at Rock River School in 1977.[11]
Career
State legislature
Elections
In 1978, Lummis was elected to the Wyoming House of Representatives at age 24, the youngest woman to serve in the state legislature.[12][13] She was reelected in 1980, but chose to not seek reelection in 1982.[14][15] Lummis returned to the state house after winning the 1984 election.[16][17] She filed to run for reelection on June 19, 1986, and was reelected after placing third out of 18 candidates.[18][19][20] She was reelected in the 1988 and 1990 elections.[21][22] She was reapportioned to the 8th district in 1992.[23]
In 1990, when Republican Senator Dan Sullivan resigned from the Wyoming Senate, Senate Majority Leader Diemer True stated that Lummis was qualified to replace Sullivan in the state senate. But she could not take the position, as she was busy serving as a campaign manager in the gubernatorial election.[24] In 1992, Lummis ran for a seat in the Wyoming Senate from the 5th district, defeating Norman P. Feagler for the Republican nomination, and incumbent Democratic Senator Harriet Elizabeth Byrd in the general election.[25][26][27] During the campaign Lummis spent $11,661, making her the fifth-highest spending elected candidate in the 1992 election.[28] On June 8, 1994, she announced that she would not run for reelection, saying she had other commitments to her family. Republican nominee Don Lawler was elected to succeed her after defeating Democratic nominee Steve Freudenthal.[29][30]
Tenure
During Lummis's tenure in the state house, she chaired the Revenue committee and served on the Judiciary and Agriculture committees.[31][12][32] During her tenure in the state senate she served on the Judiciary committee.[33] After leaving the state legislature, she was appointed to Jim Geringer's gubernatorial transition team, and served as his general counsel until 1997.[34][35][36] Geringer appointed Lummis to serve as interim director of the Office of State Lands and Investments in 1997, after he fired Jim Magagna.[37]
On February 28, 1982, Lummis was injured in a car accident while Wiederspahn was driving.[38] She attended the National Conference of State Legislatures national conference in 1982, alongside Senate President Donald Cundall and Representatives Wiederspahn, Peg Shreve, Scott Ratliff, William A. Cross, and George Salisbury.[39] In a 1982 roll-call vote in favor of legislation about the treatment of non-resident traffic offenders, a man cast Lummis's vote while she was outside the room. Lummis changed the vote to a nay after coming back in, and Representative Ken Burns cited this as an example of why electronic voting was needed.[40]
During the 1988 Republican presidential primaries, Lummis served on Bob Dole's steering committee in Wyoming.[41] A 1989 survey of the financial contributors of the Wyoming Republican Party showed that Lummis was suggested as a candidate for Secretary of State of Wyoming.[42] She served as Republican candidate Mary Mead's campaign manager during the 1990 gubernatorial election.[43]
Treasurer
Elections
On November 17, 1996, incumbent Treasurer Stan Smith announced that he would not seek reelection to a fifth term in 1998. It was speculated that Lummis would replace him.[44] At the Laramie County Republican convention on March 28, 1998, she announced that she would run for treasurer, and formally announced her campaign on April 20, at a press conference alongside Smith.[45][46]
During the campaign, the Attorney General ruled that public funds could not be used to send state treasurer candidates to an investment seminar.[47] Lummis won the Republican nomination without opposition and defeated Democratic nominee Charyl Loveridge and Libertarian nominee James Blomquist.[48][49]
Lummis was considered as a possible candidate for the Republican nomination in the 2002 gubernatorial election, but declined to run.[50][51] She announced on April 30 that she would seek reelection as treasurer, and was reelected without opposition in 2002.[52][53][54] Lummis was the only statewide candidate to face no opposition in the 2002 election, as nobody had filed to run in the Democratic primary and no other candidate received the 25 write-in votes required to qualify for the nomination.[55][56] During the campaign she had raised $9,275 and spent $12,151.[57]
She was limited to two terms as treasurer and did not challenge the constitutionality of the legislation, despite the Wyoming Supreme Court having invalidated term limits on state legislators.[58] She endorsed former Speaker Fred Parady to succeed her as treasurer in the 2006 election, but Joseph Meyer won the Republican primary and the general election.[59][60][61]
Tenure
Lummis conducted an accounting change by raising the interest rate on the $100 million in Wyoming banks, which reduced Wyoming's expected budget deficit in 1999 by over $5 million.[62] She also planned a 1% increase on the interest yield of Wyoming's $2.6 billion permanent fund, which would raise $26 million per year.[63] She served on the Wyoming Board of Land Commissioners alongside Governor Geringer, Secretary of State Meyer, Auditor Max Maxfield, and superintendent of public instruction Judy Catchpole.[64][65] During her tenure, the Permanent Mineral Trust Fund rose to over $2 billion for the first time.[66]
In April 2001, Lummis announced a conflict of interest involving her role as treasurer of the Arp and Hammond Hardware Company, which she claimed had existed since December 2000 but had existed since April 2000.[67] She and other Republican statewide officials were accused of trying to expand their powers at the expense of Governor Dave Freudenthal, but denied the claims.[68] Lummis claimed that she was the person responsible for the increase in Wyoming's investments during her tenure as treasurer, but Freudenthal said that no one person could take credit for the increase.[69]
As a member of the Wyoming Canvassing Board, Lummis voted unanimously alongside the three other members against a recall of the ballots cast in Natrona County during the 2002 United States House of Representatives election. Even though the results in Natrona County could not overturn the statewide results, they would determine which county was placed first on the ballot. Lummis initially supported a recount, but changed her mind after Mary Ann Collins, the Natrona County Clerk, told her that all of the ballots had been counted.[70]
Lummis and all other statewide officials in Wyoming attended the first inauguration of George W. Bush. During the 2004 presidential election, she served as one of Wyoming's 28 delegates to the Republican National Convention. Lummis was the only statewide official from Wyoming to attended Bush's second inauguration.[71][72] She served as the chair of Ray Hunkins's campaign during the 2006 gubernatorial election.[73]
United States House of Representatives
Elections
Representative Barbara Cubin, whom Lummis had supported during the 1994 election, announced that she would not run for reelection in the 2008 election.[74][75] On January 2, 2008, Lummis announced that she would run for Cubin's seat, winning the Republican nomination against Mark Gordon, Bill Winney, and Michael Holland, having challenged them to debates held in all 23 Wyoming counties during the primaries.[76][77][78] A poll conducted from January 18 to 21 showed that Lummis had a favorability rating of 29%, unfavorability rating of 17%, a neutral rating of 24%, and 30% did not recognize her.[79] Tucker Fagan, who later served as her chief of staff, served as Lummis's campaign manager. During the campaign Rachael Seidenschnur, her press secretary, resigned after using a fake name to ask Lummis's opponent a question.[80][81][82] She defeated Democratic nominee Gary Trauner in the general election.[83] During the campaign Lummis raised $1,557,313 and spent $1,543,875 while Trauner raised $1,672,707 and spent $1,716,013.[84][85]
Lummis was reelected in 2010 against Democratic nominee David Wendt and Libertarian nominee John V. Love, after having raised $780,426 and spending $754,270 compared to Wendt, who had raised $65,709 and spent $68,523[86][87][88][89] Lummis announced that she would run for reelection on May 21, 2012, and was reelected in the 2012 election over Democratic nominee Chris Henrichsen after having raised $715,314 and spent $631,026.[90][91][92][93] She was reelected in the 2014 election against Democratic nominee Richard Grayson after having raised $432,666 and spent $300,949.[94][95][96]
On November 12, 2015, Lummis announced that she would not seek reelection in the 2016 election, and Liz Cheney was elected to succeed her.[97][98] Lummis's daughter, Annaliese Wiederspahn, served as Leland Christensen's campaign manager during the Republican primary.[99] Lummis considered running for the Republican nomination in the 2018 gubernatorial election, but declined to run and endorsed Sam Galeotos.[100][101] She sought a position in President Donald Trump's cabinet by attempting to replace Ryan Zinke as United States Secretary of the Interior, but David Bernhardt was appointed instead.[102][103]
Tenure
During Lummis's tenure in the house she served on the Agriculture and Appropriations committee and on the Energy and Mineral Resources, National Parks, Forests and Public Lands, and Energy and Water Development subcommittees. She was the first representative from Wyoming to serve on the Agriculture committee since Frank O. Horton, who served on the committee from 1939 to 1941.[104][105][106][107] In 2011, she was appointed vice chair of the Appropriations subcommittee of the Agriculture committee.[108] Lummis left the Appropriations committee in 2013, saying she had requested her removal from the committee and that it was not involved with a purge of radical Republicans from committee positions.[109] She was appointed chair of the Science Subcommittee on Energy in 2013.[110]
Lummis served as the communications chair and spokesperson of the Congressional Western Caucus and succeeded Dean Heller as vice chair in 2011 following Heller's appointment to the United States Senate.[111][112][113] Lummis was elected to serve on the House Republican Steering Committee in 2010.[106] She was at one point the only female member of the Freedom Caucus and the last until the election of Debbie Lesko.[114][115] Lummis co-chaired the Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues alongside Representative Gwen Moore from 2011 to 2013.[116] She was also a member of the Tea Party Caucus.[117]
Lummis supported Speaker John Boehner while the Freedom Caucus successfully pushed to remove Boehner.[118] She praised the election of Paul Ryan as Speaker, saying, "we have ushered in thoughtful, conservative leadership, restored member-driven policy-making to the legislative process and returned regular order that will bring sunshine to back rooms making government work better".[119]
Lummis served on the Republican whip team until she was removed from the position in 2015, for voting against giving President Barack Obama the authority to propose a trade agreement with Pacific countries. She said she knew she would be removed from her position on the whip team for her vote but did not regret it. Representatives Steve Pearce and Trent Franks were also removed from the whip team for their votes.[120]
During the 2008 presidential election, Lummis was supposed to give a speech at the Republican National Convention on the first day, but her speech was canceled due to Hurricane Gustav.[121] During the 2012 Republican presidential primaries she endorsed Mitt Romney and served as the chair of Romney's campaign in Wyoming.[122][123] During the 2016 Republican presidential primaries, she was a campaign surrogate for Rand Paul, and later endorsed Trump in the presidential election.[124][125]
United States Senate
Elections
After Senator Craig L. Thomas died on June 4, 2007, Lummis announced on June 12 that she would seek an appointment to replace him.[126] She placed third in the final vote, making her one of the nominees submitted to the governor as a candidate for appointment, alongside John Barrasso and Tom Sansonetti.[127][128] Freudenthal selected Barrasso to replace Thomas.[129] Lummis was speculated as a possible candidate in the 2014 United States Senate election.[130]
On June 20, 2019, Lummis filed to run for a seat in the United States Senate to succeed retiring Senator Mike Enzi.[131] She won the Republican nomination and defeated Democratic nominee Merav Ben-David in the general election.[132][133] Her victory made her the first woman to represent Wyoming in the United States Senate.[134] She raised more during the campaign than all of her Republican and Democratic opponents combined.[135] During the campaign Lummis raised $3,003,788 and spent $3,037,813 while Ben-David raised $559,626 and spent $545,348.[136][137]
Tenure
During her tenure in the Senate, Lummis has served on the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Environment and Public Works, and Commerce, Science, and Transportation committees.[138] Hans Hunt, a member of the Wyoming state house, resigned so that he could work as Lummis's agriculture and trade policy adviser.[139]
During the counting of the electoral college vote of the 2020 presidential election Lummis voted to certify the results from Arizona, but against certifying the results from Pennsylvania.[140][141] She voted to acquit Trump during his second impeachment trial.[142]
Lummis voted against the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 but for the PPP Extension Act and the COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act.[143][144][145]
Political positions
Economics
Lummis supported the federal takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, but said the government should avoid bailing out private companies.[146] She supported the privization of Social Security, raising the age at which people received Social Security money, and making the Bush tax cuts permanent.[147][148][149] She voted against the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.[150]
In 2010, the House voted 228 to 192, with Lummis in favor, to prohibit federal funding for NPR.[151] She said that House Democrats had a "cocaine-like addiction" to spending.[152] Lummis voted against the Hurricane Sandy relief bill, saying that although victims of Hurricane Sandy deserved the money the federal government should cut its budget to offset the cost of the legislation.[153]
Energy and climate change
In a 2012 campaign debate, Lummis rejected the overwhelming scientific consensus on climate change, claiming that climate change was "not settled science".[110] She supports the development of nuclear power and oil drilling in Alaska.[154]
Equality
In 1979, Lummis said that it was "important to me to see Equal Rights Amendment not rescinded".[12] In 2015, she and Representative Carolyn Maloney led another effort to pass the ERA.[155] In 2013, the House voted 286 to 138, with Lummis against, to reauthorize the Violence Against Women Act.[156] She and Senator Chris Van Hollen attempted to have a federal building in Cheyenne named after Louisa Swain, the first woman to vote in the United States.[157]
Lummis voted against the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, named after Matthew Shepard, who was murdered in an anti-gay hate crime, stating that she believed that hate crime legislation was "a state's rights issue".[158][159] She voted against the repeal of don't ask, don't tell and co-sponsored the State Marriage Defense Act.[160] Following the Supreme Court ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges, which found same-sex marriage bans unconstitutional, Lummis supported the First Amendment Defense Act to protect religious groups that opposed gay marriage.[161] She opposes same-sex marriage and believes that it "should be left to the states".[162] She was given a zero percent rating from the Human Rights Campaign during her entire tenure in the House of Representatives.[163][164][165][166]
Foreign policy
Lummis supported continuing the United States' occupation of Iraq, holding that soldiers should not be withdrawn until General David Petraeus said it was time to leave. She supported the surge of soldiers in Iraq.[167] Lummis was one of four Republicans on the Agriculture committee who voted in favor of legislation that would have lifted the travel ban on Americans and agricultural products to and from Cuba.[168] Lummis opposed American involvement in the Syrian civil war, stating that the civil war "should be dealt with by the Arab world" and that she did not see how "getting involved in another open-ended and costly conflict is in the best interest of America".[169][170]
Guns
Lummis received an A rating from the National Rifle Association during the 2008 campaign.[171] In 2009, the House voted 279 to 147, with Lummis in favor, to allow people to bring loaded guns into national parks and wildlife refuges.[172]
Health
Lummis co-sponsored legislation in the state house to allow for state Medicaid funding to be used for abortions when the life of the mother was at risk.[173] The Wyoming "Right to Choose" political action committee reported that Lummis was pro-choice after she completed a questionnaire during the 1990 election and the organization endorsed her during the 1992 election.[174][175] Lummis said in the 1990s that abortion was a sin, but that it should not be illegal, as an individual was in a better position to evaluate their circumstances instead of the state.[176]
In 2015, Lummis cosponsored and voted for legislation in the House to defund Planned Parenthood.[177] The National Right to Life Committee endorsed Lummis in the 2020 election and gave her a 100% anti-abortion rating during her tenure in the U.S. House of Representatives. She supported the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act.[178] Lummis was given a 0% rating by NARAL Pro-Choice America in 2016.[179]
Lummis supported the creation of federal legislation to allow private insurance companies to form interstate insurance pools.[180] Lummis voted against passage of the Affordable Care Act in 2009,[181] and has supported subsequent efforts to defund the ACA.[182]
Lummis and 182 other Republican members of Congress filed an amicus brief asking the Supreme Court to halt a COVID-19 vaccination mandate for companies with 100 or more employees.[183] During the COVID-19 pandemic, she opposed adding unruly passengers to the "no-fly" list, saying that unruly passengers who refuse to comply with mask requirements are not the same as terrorists.[184]
Personal life
Lummis met Alvin Wiederspahn while both were campaigning during the 1978 election; they married on May 28, 1983. Both later served in the Wyoming House of Representatives, one of the few married couples to do so, though Lummis was a Republican and Wiederspahn a Democrat.[185][186][187] She remained married to Wiederspahn, with whom she had one child, until his death on October 24, 2014.[188]
Lummis has a net worth of $12.26 million as of 2015, but reported a net worth between $20 million and $75 million from 2007 to 2008.[189][190] She purchased Bitcoin in 2013 on her son-in-law's advice and became the first U.S. senator to own cryptocurrency.[191] Lummis owns at least $230,000 worth of Bitcoin as of 2021.[192] She is a Lutheran and adheres to the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS).[193]
Electoral history
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 6,837 | 15.54% | ||
Republican | Ellen Crowley | 6,521 | 14.82% | ||
Republican | Bill McIlvain | 6,338 | 14.40% | ||
Republican | April Brimmer Kunz | 6,173 | 14.03% | ||
Republican | Gary Yordy | 5,682 | 12.91% | ||
Republican | Mary Jean McDowell Baker | 4,480 | 10.18% | ||
Republican | Ronald G. Pretty | 4,128 | 9.38% | ||
Republican | Lou Mandis | 3,850 | 8.75% | ||
Total votes | 44,009 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Harriet Elizabeth Byrd (incumbent) | 14,985 | 8.39% | ||
Democratic | Lynn Birleffi | 13,849 | 7.75% | ||
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 12,519 | 7.01% | ||
Democratic | Guy Cameron | 12,416 | 6.95% | ||
Democratic | Steve Freudenthal | 12,103 | 6.78% | ||
Democratic | Shirley Humphrey | 11,817 | 6.62% | ||
Democratic | Mary Kay Schwope | 11,243 | 6.29% | ||
Republican | Bill McIlvain (incumbent) | 10,874 | 6.09% | ||
Republican | Ellen Crowley | 10,710 | 6.00% | ||
Republican | Gary Yordy | 10,619 | 5.95% | ||
Republican | April Brimmer Kunz | 10,604 | 5.94% | ||
Democratic | Robert Larson | 8,386 | 4.70% | ||
Democratic | Carolyn G. Johnson | 7,959 | 4.46% | ||
Democratic | Charles A. Hunter | 6,806 | 3.81% | ||
Republican | Ben Zavorka | 6,522 | 3.65% | ||
Republican | Lou Mandis | 5,969 | 3.34% | ||
Republican | Ron G. Pretty | 5,752 | 3.22% | ||
Republican | Mary Jean McDowell Baker | 5,475 | 3.07% | ||
Total votes | 178,608 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 1,720 | 75.64% | ||
Republican | Norman P. Feagler | 554 | 24.36% | ||
Total votes | 2,274 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 3,434 | 52.86% | ||
Democratic | Harriet Elizabeth Byrd (incumbent) | 3,062 | 47.14% | ||
Total votes | 6,496 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 105,332 | 62.69% | ||
Democratic | Charyl Loveridge | 52,655 | 31.34% | ||
Libertarian | James Blomquist | 10,024 | 5.97% | ||
Total votes | 168,011 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 75,169 | 100.00% | ||
Total votes | 75,169 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 152,583 | 100.00% | +37.31% | |
Total votes | 152,583 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Tom Sansonetti | 58 | 27.23% | ||
Republican | John Barrasso | 56 | 26.29% | ||
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 44 | 20.66% | ||
Republican | Matt Mead | 30 | 14.08% | ||
Republican | Ron Micheli | 25 | 11.74% | ||
Total votes | 213 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 33,149 | 46.24% | ||
Republican | Mark Gordon | 26,827 | 37.42% | ||
Republican | Bill Winney | 8,537 | 11.91% | ||
Republican | Michael Holland | 3,171 | 4.42% | ||
Total votes | 71,684 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 131,244 | 52.62% | ||
Democratic | Gary Trauner | 106,758 | 42.81% | ||
Libertarian | W. David Herbert | 11,030 | 4.42% | ||
Independent | Write-ins | 363 | 0.15% | ||
Total votes | 249,395 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 180 | ||||
Undervotes | 6,458 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 84,063 | 82.82% | +36.58% | |
Republican | Evan Liam Slafter | 17,148 | 16.89% | +16.89% | |
Republican | Write-ins | 289 | 0.28% | +0.28% | |
Total votes | 101,500 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 49 | ||||
Undervotes | 5,421 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 131,661 | 70.42% | +17.80% | |
Democratic | David Wendt | 45,768 | 24.48% | -18.33% | |
Libertarian | John V. Love | 9,253 | 4.95% | +0.53% | |
Independent | Write-ins | 287 | 0.15% | +0.00% | |
Total votes | 186,969 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 188 | ||||
Undervotes | 3,665 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 73,153 | 98.13% | +15.31% | |
Republican | Write-ins | 1,393 | 1.87% | +1.59% | |
Total votes | 74,546 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 8 | ||||
Undervotes | 9,862 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 166,452 | 68.89% | -1.53% | |
Democratic | Chris Henrichsen | 57,573 | 23.83% | -0.65% | |
Libertarian | Richard Brubaker | 8,442 | 3.49% | -1.46% | |
Constitution | Daniel Clyde Cummings | 4,963 | 2.05% | +2.05% | |
Wyoming Country | Don Wills | 3,775 | 1.56% | +1.56% | |
Independent | Write-ins | 416 | 0.17% | +0.02% | |
Total votes | 241,621 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 600 | ||||
Undervotes | 8,479 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 70,918 | 75.89% | -22.24% | |
Republican | Jason Adam Senteney | 22,251 | 23.81% | +23.81% | |
Republican | Write-ins | 274 | 0.29% | +1.58% | |
Total votes | 93,443 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 50 | ||||
Undervotes | 5,820 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis (incumbent) | 113,038 | 68.47% | -0.42% | |
Democratic | Richard Grayson | 37,803 | 22.90% | -0.93% | |
Libertarian | Richard Brubaker | 7,112 | 4.31% | +0.82% | |
Constitution | Daniel Clyde Cummings | 6,749 | 4.09% | +2.04% | |
Independent | Write-ins | 398 | 0.24% | +0.07% | |
Total votes | 165,100 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 370 | ||||
Undervotes | 5,683 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 63,511 | 59.67% | ||
Republican | Robert Short | 13,473 | 12.66% | ||
Republican | Bryan Miller | 10,946 | 10.28% | ||
Republican | Donna Rice | 5,881 | 5.53% | ||
Republican | R. Mark Armstrong | 3,904 | 3.67% | ||
Republican | Joshua Wheeler | 3,763 | 3.54 | ||
Republican | John Holtz | 1,820 | 1.71% | ||
Republican | Devon Cade | 1,027 | 0.96% | ||
Republican | Michael Kemler | 985 | 0.93% | ||
Republican | Star Roselli | 627 | 0.59% | ||
Republican | Write-ins | 501 | 0.47% | ||
Total votes | 106,438 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 391 | ||||
Undervotes | 3,746 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Cynthia Lummis | 198,100 | 72.85% | ||
Democratic | Merav Ben-David | 72,766 | 26.76% | ||
Independent | Write-ins | 1,071 | 0.39% | ||
Total votes | 271,937 | 100.00% | |||
Overvotes | 165 | ||||
Undervotes | 6,401 |
See also
References
- ^ @SenLummis (January 4, 2021). "'Loomis' is a common mispronunciation of my name. My staff decided to have a little fun with it and start the "Hummus with Lummis" campaign here at our office. Stop by and grab a snack and remember, Lummis, it rhymes with Hummus!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Cheyenne rancher eyes GOP gubernatorial run". Casper Star-Tribune. September 13, 1989. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "LUMMIS, Cynthia M." United States House of Representatives. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Wyo. Rep. Cynthia Lummis' mother dies". The Denver Post. October 10, 2013. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "Cynthia Lummis, a Bull-Coaxing Conservative, Heads to the Senate". The New York Times. December 5, 2020. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021.
- ^ "Cynthia Lummis (R)". The Jackson Hole Guide. October 28, 1998. p. 93. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "University of Wyoming class of 1976 graduates 1,151". Casper Star-Tribune. June 1, 1976. p. 18. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Over 1,150 students receive degrees today from UW". Casper Star-Tribune. May 21, 1978. p. 10. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Over 1200 graduate at UW's 95th commencement". Casper Star-Tribune. May 23, 1985. p. 14. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ a b c "Women take seats in '79 Legislature". Casper Star-Tribune. January 6, 1979. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ a b "1986 primary". Casper Star-Tribune. August 21, 1986. p. 15. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "1986 election". Casper Star-Tribune. November 6, 1986. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Incumbents, newcomers eye legislative bids". Casper Star-Tribune. May 19, 1992. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "1992 primary results". Casper Star-Tribune. August 20, 1992. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "1992 election results". Casper Star-Tribune. November 5, 1992. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Top spending candidates elected to Wyoming Senate, 1992". Casper Star-Tribune. January 12, 1993. p. 19. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Cameron posts Laramie Democratic win". Casper Star-Tribune. November 9, 1994. p. 9. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Pat Meenan elected speaker of House". Casper Star-Tribune. November 9, 1986. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Legislative roster". Casper Star-Tribune. January 9, 1985. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Geringer". Casper Star-Tribune. December 2, 1992. p. 12. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis, Wallace, Hill named to Geringer transition team". Casper Star-Tribune. November 11, 1994. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "An eye on the department". Casper Star-Tribune. January 26, 1995. p. 32. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Interim Lands director named". Casper Star-Tribune. December 2, 1997. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Trial date sea for Widerspahn". Casper Star-Tribune. March 13, 1982. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Seven Wyoming legislators to attend budget conference". Casper Star-Tribune. April 16, 1982. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Phantom voter puts in House showing". Casper Star-Tribune. February 12, 1982. p. 9. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Dole campaign names Wyoming committee". Casper Star-Tribune. November 8, 1987. p. 19. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "3 wishes: GOP contributors survey 17 as gov". Casper Star-Tribune. October 29, 1989. p. 8. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "S-T reporter hired by Mead campaign". Casper Star-Tribune. May 12, 1990. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Who'll replace term-limits Smith?". Casper Star-Tribune. November 17, 1996. p. 33. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Ohman: Urged to run for governor". Casper Star-Tribune. April 1, 1998. p. 10. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis to run for state treasurer". Casper Star-Tribune. April 21, 1998. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "AG: Public funds can't pay for training seminar". Casper Star-Tribune. July 19, 1998. p. 11. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "1998 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ a b "1998 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Sniffin explores governor bid". Casper Star-Tribune. December 5, 2001. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Lummis announces re-election bid". Casper Star-Tribune. May 2, 2002. p. 15. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2002 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ a b "2002 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis gets a free ride". Casper Star-Tribune. August 27, 2002. p. 11. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Election". Casper Star-Tribune. August 29, 2002. p. 14. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Spending: Filing required after election". Casper Star-Tribune. November 16, 2002. p. 12. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "House and Senate disagree on term limits bill". Casper Star-Tribune. February 25, 2005. p. 16. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Primary contests benefit voters". Casper Star-Tribune. February 3, 2006. p. 8. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "2006 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "2006 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Accounting change could raise $5 million". Casper Star-Tribune. June 4, 1999. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "State treasurer's plan raises interest". Casper Star-Tribune. July 4, 1999. p. 33. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Wyoming Board of Land Commissioners". Casper Star-Tribune. October 28, 1999. p. 9. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Land board to convene". The Jackson Hole Guide. March 15, 2000. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Mineral Trust Fund hits $2 billion". Casper Star-Tribune. June 22, 2003. p. 11. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis: Conflict lasted 9 months". Casper Star-Tribune. January 4, 2002. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Officials deny targeting governor". Casper Star-Tribune. January 30, 2004. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Governor disputes Lummis' claims". Billings Gazette. October 22, 2008. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021.
- ^ "Cubin-Akin recount off". Casper Star-Tribune. December 5, 2002. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "GOP: Delegates to national convention selected". Casper Star-Tribune. May 9, 2004. p. 12. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Fewer Wyo lawmakers at 2nd inaugural". Casper Star-Tribune. January 23, 2005. p. 6. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "The Jackson Jinx". Casper Star-Tribune. March 26, 2006. p. 8. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Barbara Cubin endorsements". Casper Star-Tribune. August 15, 1994. p. 5. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Cubin won't seek re-election, GOP sources say". Billings Gazette. November 8, 2007. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis makes it official". Casper Star-Tribune. January 3, 2008. p. 15. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2008 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis challenges GOP". Casper Star-Tribune. May 22, 2008. p. 19. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Casper Star-Tribune poll". Casper Star-Tribune. January 27, 2008. p. 14. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis chief of staff remains in Wyoming". Casper Star-Tribune. December 16, 2008. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Fagan joins Lummis staff as campaign manager". Casper Star-Tribune. September 19, 2008. p. 14. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis staffer leaves campaign". Casper Star-Tribune. September 25, 2008. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2008 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis campaign finance from 2007 to 2008". Federal Election Commission. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "Trauner campaign finance from 2007 to 2008". Federal Election Commission. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ a b "2010 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ a b "2010 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis campaign finance from 2009 to 2010". Federal Election Commission. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
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- ^ "Lummis seeks 3rd term". Casper Star-Tribune. May 22, 2012. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2012 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ a b "2012 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis campaign finance from 2011 to 2012". Federal Election Commission. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ a b "2014 primary" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ a b "2014 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Lummis campaign finance from 2013 to 2014". Federal Election Commission. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "Liz Cheney Would Have to Overcome Hard Feelings for 2016 Run". Roll Call. November 13, 2016. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "2016 election" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Christensen finding support for House bid". Jackson Hole News and Guide. January 20, 2016. p. 8. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis says she won't run for governor, upending the field and opening 'the floodgates'". Casper Star-Tribune. September 20, 2017. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "Former Congressman Cynthia Lummis endorses Sam Galeotos". Casper Star-Tribune. April 25, 2018. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "Leading contenders emerge to replace Zinke as Interior secretary". The Hill. December 18, 2018. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
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- ^ "Lummis gets assignments". Casper Star-Tribune. January 30, 2009. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "Lummis gets Appropriations seat". Casper Star-Tribune. December 10, 2010. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis gets subcommittee assignments". Casper Star-Tribune. January 29, 2013. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Lummis leaves powerful panel". Casper Star-Tribune. December 10, 2012. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Energy solution lies right under our feet". Casper Star-Tribune. March 24, 2010. p. 8. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Caucus names Cynthia Lummis spokeswoman". Casper Star-Tribune. March 5, 2011. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis named Western Caucus vice chair". Casper Star-Tribune. May 21, 2011. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Rep. Hans Hunt resigns from Wyoming Legislature to join Lummis' staff". Casper Star-Tribune. October 4, 2021. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
- ^ "On the Objection (Shall the Objection Submitted by the Gentleman from Arizona, Mr. Gosar, and the Senator from Texas, Mr. Cruz, and Others Be Sustained?)". United States Senate. January 6, 2021. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
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- ^ "Guilty or Not Guilty (Article of Impeachment Against Former President Donald John Trump)". United States Senate. February 13, 2021. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "COVID-19 relief bill passes 50-49 in Senate, Sens. Barrasso and Lummis vote no". The Buckrail. March 6, 2021.
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- ^ "Lummis opposes private bailouts". Casper Star-Tribune. September 19, 2008. p. 13. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis, Trauner camps debate Social Security". Casper Star-Tribune. October 11, 2008. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "U.S. House - Pick 1 to serve 2 years". Jackson Hole News and Guide. October 29, 2008. p. 117. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis offers Social Security reform bill". Casper Star-Tribune. March 10, 2010. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Stimulus". Casper Star-Tribune. February 20, 2009. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis: NPR must stand on its own". Casper Star-Tribune. March 18, 2010. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Candidates". Casper Star-Tribune. May 2, 2010. p. 12. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis votes against Superstorm Sandy relief bill". Casper Star-Tribune. January 17, 2013. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis: Everything on table to reduce fuel costs". Casper Star-Tribune. September 20, 2008. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lummis leads effort behind an Equal Rights Amendment". Casper Star-Tribune. June 1, 2015. p. A1. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "House passes hate crimes bill". Casper Star-Tribune. April 30, 2009. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Hate crimes". Casper Star-Tribune. April 30, 2009. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Wyoming Lawmakers Combat Supreme Court's Gay Marriage Ruling". Wyoming Public Radio. August 21, 2015. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021.
- ^ "Wyoming congressional delegation still opposes same-sex marriage". Casper Star-Tribune. October 21, 2014. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021.
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- ^ "Wyo paves way for Cuba trade". Casper Star-Tribune. July 12, 2010. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Delegation skeptical on attack on Syria". Powell Tribune. September 10, 2013. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021.
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- ^ "Guns in park bill OK'd". Jackson Hole News and Guide. May 27, 2009. p. 28. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "House committee nixes bill funding abortion for health". Casper Star-Tribune. January 23, 1985. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Senate District 5". Casper Star-Tribune. November 1, 1992. p. 52. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Wyoming delegation supports defunding Planned Parenthood". Casper Star-Tribune. September 22, 2015. p. A3. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Lummis will support removing funding from the Affordable Care Act". Wyoming Public Media. August 22, 2013. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
- ^ "Wyoming Sens. Lummis and Barrasso ask Supreme Court to halt worker vaccine mandate". Billings Gazette. January 5, 2022. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
- ^ "Eight Republican senators say they oppose 'no-fly' list for disruptive passengers because it would equate mask opponents to 'terrorists'". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
- ^ "Political opponents marry and run again". Casper Star-Tribune. October 21, 1984. p. 12. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Cupid's arrows strike Capitol couple". Casper Star-Tribune. February 14, 1985. p. 5. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Cynthia Lummis". Casper Star-Tribune. June 13, 2007. p. 5. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Cynthia Lummis: 'Our Hearts Are Broken' After Husband's Death". Roll Call. October 26, 2014. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021.
- ^ "Wyoming Delegation: Rep. Cynthia Lummis among Richest Members of Congress". WyoFile. December 13, 2011. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021.
- ^ "Estimated Net Worth 2008-2015". OpenSecrets. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021.
- ^ "Wyoming elects first Bitcoin owner to U.S. Senate". Forbes. November 4, 2020. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021.
- ^ "Crypto's New Hero Is a MAGA-Loving, Rookie Senator". The Daily Beast. August 15, 2021. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
- ^ "Lutherans in Congress". Living Lutheran. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
External links
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
- Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
- Profile at Vote Smart
- 2008 campaign website
- Cynthis M. Lummis papers at the University of Wyoming – American Heritage Center
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