General election held in Costa Rica
1994 Costa Rican general election Turnout 81.1%
Presidential election
Results by canton
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results
below .
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 6 February 1994.[1] José María Figueres of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 81.1%.[2]
Campaign
The primary election were the main focus of controversy during the campaign, as they were particularly negative . In the case of the Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC), Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Echeverría made a second attempt to earn the nomination running against José Joaquín Trejos Fonseca, son of former president José Joaquín Trejos Fernández . The campaign was very ideological with Trejos accusing Rodríguez of not really being Christian Democrat nor following the ideals of Christian socialism and instead being neoliberal . Rodríguez indeed acknowledged to follow classical liberalism and advocated for small government , but without completely abandon Christian Democracy 's ideas.[3]
PLN's primary was more focus on personal attacks. In it José María Figueres Olsen , son of PLN's caudillo and former president José Figueres Ferrer , faced popular anti-corruption and anti-narcotraffic deputy José Miguel Corrales , alongside other candidates like former First Lady Margarita Penón (wife of Óscar Arias ) and San José Mayor Rolando Araya (nephew of former president Luis Alberto Monge ). Thus, most candidates except Corrales came from important political families. Figueres' image was affected by the "Chemise Case", the allegations that he was involved in the murder of a young drug dealer while in custody during one of his father's governments.[3] Figueres sued the authors of the book accusing him, and won, but the controversy was still used by Corrales in campaign, to no avail as Figueres won the primary election. Corrales did not support him afterward.[3]
The negative campaign continue after the primaries. Rodríguez used the "Chemise Case" too and also accused Figueres of not being Catholic and belonging to the Christian Science cult, of having a military upraising due to his father's past as revolutionary caudillo and the fact that he's a West Point graduate, etc., in order to caused fear of an authoritarian government.[3] Figueres campaign on the other hand tried to show Rodríguez as a cold, heartless entrepreneur with neoliberal ideas as a counterpart to Figueres socialdemocratic ideology.[3]
Results
President
Candidate
Party
Votes
%
José María Figueres Olsen
National Liberation Party
739,339
49.62
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Echeverría
Social Christian Unity Party
711,328
47.74
Miguel Zúñiga Díaz
Democratic Force
28,274
1.90
Rafael Ángel Matamoros Mesén
Christian National Alliancees
4,980
0.33
Jorge González Martén
National Independent Partyes
2,426
0.16
Norma Vargas Duarte
General Union Partyes
2,150
0.14
Holman Esquivel Garrote
Independent Party
1,600
0.11
Invalid/blank votes
35,882
–
Total
1,525,979
100
Registered voters/turnout
1,881,348
81.11
Source: Nohlen; TSE
By province
Province
Figueres %
Rodríguez %
Zúñiga %
Matamoros %
González %
Vargas %
Esquivel %
San José
49.63
47.29
2.39
0.28
0.16
0.17
0.08
Alajuela
50.30
47.41
1.71
0.29
0.13
0.08
0.09
Cartago
50.33
46.81
2.03
0.35
0.20
0.16
0.12
Heredia
49.89
46.91
2.57
0.27
0.14
0.13
0.08
Guanacaste
50.03
48.66
0.62
0.26
0.14
0.08
0.20
Puntarenas
49.06
49.09
0.75
0.59
0.19
0.21
0.12
Limón
46.26
51.27
1.26
0.56
0.23
0.17
0.25
Total
49.62
47.74
1.90
0.33
0.16
0.14
0.11
Popular Vote
Figueres
49.62%
Rodríguez
47.74%
Zúñiga
1.90%
Matamoros
0.33%
González
0.16%
Vargas
0.14%
Esquivel
0.11%
Legislative Assembly
Popular Vote
National Liberation
44.61%
Social Christian Unity
40.38%
Democratic Force
5.32%
General Union
1.72%
Christian Nat. Alliance
1.43%
Peoples' Vanguard
1.36%
Cartago Agrarian Union
1.11%
Other
4.07%
Seats
National Liberation
49.12%
Social Christian Unity
43.86%
Democratic Force
3.51%
Cartago Agrarian Union
1.75%
National Agrarian
1.75%
Party
Votes
%
Seats
+/–
National Liberation Party
658,258
44.61
28
+3
Social Christian Unity Party
595,802
40.38
25
-4
Democratic Force
78,454
5.32
2
+2
General Union Partyes
25,420
1.72
0
-1
Christian National Alliancees
21,064
1.43
0
0
Peoples' Vanguard Party
20,026
1.36
0
0
Cartago Agrarian Union Party
16,336
1.11
1
0
National Agrarian Party
13,589
0.92
1
+1
National Independent Partyes
12,767
0.87
0
0
Alajuelense Democratic Action
11,630
0.79
0
0
Independent Party
9,213
0.62
0
0
Limonese Authentic Party
5,468
0.37
0
0
Agrarian Labour Action Party
3,859
0.26
0
0
Independent Guanacaste Party
2,843
0.19
0
New
National Convergence Party
864
0.06
0
New
Invalid/blank votes
50,031
–
–
–
Total
1,525,624
100
57
0
Registered voters/turnout
1,881,348
81.11
–
–
Source: TSE ; Election Resources
By province
Province
PLN
PUSC
FD
PUGEN
ANC
PVP
PNI
Others
%
S
%
S
%
S
%
S
%
S
%
S
%
S
%
S
San José
44.21
10
39.76
9
8.30
2
2.34
0
1.53
0
1.84
0
1.50
0
0.52
0
Alajuela
46.36
5
41.26
5
3.43
0
0.40
0
1.15
0
0.62
0
0.35
0
6.43
0
Cartago
43.93
3
37.73
2
3.39
0
2.47
0
0.88
0
0.66
0
0.61
0
10.33
1
Heredia
45.93
3
40.93
2
7.86
0
1.73
0
1.18
0
1.28
0
0.51
0
0.58
0
Guanacaste
47.23
3
44.02
2
1.88
0
0.73
0
0.61
0
-
-
0.43
0
5.09
0
Puntarenas
45.81
3
43.63
3
1.85
0
2.49
0
3.33
0
2.04
0
0.55
0
0.30
0
Limón
36.85
1
37.14
2
0.96
0
0.46
0
1.28
0
2.51
0
0.36
0
20.44
1
Total
44.61
28
40.38
25
5.32
2
1.72
0
1.43
0
1.36
0
0.87
0
4.31
2
Local governments
Alderpeople
National Liberation
49.45%
Social Christian Unity
42.65%
Democratic Force
4.04%
Regionalist
2.57%
General Union
0.74%
Peoples' Vanguard
0.37%
Independent
0.18%
Municipal Syndics
National Liberation
75.47%
Social Christian Unity
24.53%
Parties
Popular vote
Alderpeople
Municipal Syndics
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/-
Total
+/-
National Liberation Party (PLN)
684,648
46.36
+3.64
269
+37
323
+162
Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC)
612,918
41.51
-5.19
232
-42
105
-160
Democratic Force (FD)
72,412
4.90
+4.31
22
+22
0
0
Generaleña Union Party (PUG)
24,148
1.64
-0.48
4
0
0
0
Peoples' Vanguard Party (PVP)
19,069
1.29
New
2
New
0
New
National Agrarian Party (PAN)
16,667
1.13
+0.75
7
+5
0
0
Alajuelense Democratic Action (PADA)
11,549
0.78
+0.78
3
+3
0
0
National Independent Party (PNI)
8,717
0.59
-0.37
0
0
0
0
Independent Party (PI)
6,036
0.41
+0.07
1
0
0
0
Agrarian Labour Action Party (PALA)
4,979
0.34
-0.07
0
-3
0
New
Independent Guanacaste Party (PGI)
4,878
0.33
New
2
New
0
New
Limonense Authentic Party (PAL)
4,534
0.31
+0.03
1
0
0
0
National Convergence Party (PCN)
3,563
0.24
New
0
New
0
New
New Alajuelita Party (PALNU)
2,584
0.17
+0.02
1
0
0
0
Total
1,476,702
100.00
-
544
+18
428
+2
Invalid votes
49,170
3.23
Votes cast / turnout
1,525,872
81.11
Abstentions
355,344
18.89
Registered voters
1,691,689
100%
Sources[4]
Ballot
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(December 2021 )
References