Chofetz Chaim
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The Sefer Chafetz Chaim (or Chofetz Chaim or Hafetz Hayim) (Hebrew: חָפֵץ חַיִּים, trans. "Desirer of Life") is a book by Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan, who is also called "the Chofetz Chaim" after it. The book deals with the Jewish ethics and laws of speech.
The Sefer
The title of the Chafetz Chaim is taken from Psalms:
Come, children, hearken to me; I will teach you the fear of the Lord. Who is the man who desires life ("chafetz chaim"), who loves days to see goodness? Guard your tongue from evil and your lips from speaking deceitfully. Shun evil and do good, seek peace and pursue it.
The subject of the book is hilchos shmiras halashon (laws of clean speech). Kagan provides copious sources from the Torah, Talmud and Rishonim about the severity of Jewish law on tale-mongering and gossip. Lashon hara, meaning "'evil speech" (or loosely gossip and slander and prohibitions of defamation), is sometimes translated as "prohibitions of slander", but in essence is concerning the prohibitions of saying evil/bad/unpleasant things about a person, whether or not they are true.[citation needed]
The book is divided into three parts:
- Mekor Chayim ("Source of Life"), the legal text.
- Be'er mayim chayim ("Well of living water"), the footnotes and legal argument.
- It is commonly printed together with the text Shemirath ha-Lashon ("Guarding of the tongue"), an ethical treatise on the proper use of the faculty of speech.
The author
Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan is commonly known as the Chafetz Chaim, the name of his famous work on guarding one's tongue.[citation needed] He was born in Dzyatlava, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire (today Belarus), on January 26, 1838. As his reputation grew, students from all over Europe flocked to him and by 1869 his house became known as the Radin Yeshiva. Kagan published twenty one books. His first work, Chafetz Chaim (1873), is the first attempt to organize and clarify the laws regarding Lashon Hara. Other notable works include the Sefer Shmirat HaLashon,[3] an ethical work on the importance of guarding one's tongue and the Mishnah Berurah (printed between 1894 and 1907) which is a commentary on the "Orach Chayim", the first section of the Shulchan Aruch, and has been accepted universally among many Ashkenazi Jews as an authoritative source of Halacha.[4]
References
- ^ "Chafetz Chaim". yonasan.org. Retrieved 2022-05-12.
- ^ "Chofetz Chaim". yonasan.org. Retrieved 2022-05-12.
- ^ ([https://www.hebrewbooks.org/14234 Online edition in Hebrew
- ^ "The Codification of Jewish Law and an Introduction to the Jurisprudence of the Mishna Berura" (PDF).
External links
- Chofetz Chaim Heritage Foundation
- Online edition in Hebrew
- A Lesson A Day: A Daily Learning Program
- Chofetz Chaim Daily Calendar
- Devekut.com has a link ("Chofetz Chaim") with an abstract of a book by Rabbis Shimon Finkelman and Yitzhak Berkowitz about Chofetz Chaim's ideas.