List of high commissioners of Australia to the United Kingdom
High Commissioner of Australia to the United Kingdom | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Style | His/Her Excellency |
Reports to | Minister for Foreign Affairs |
Residence | Stoke Lodge, London |
Seat | High Commission of Australia, London |
Nominator | Prime Minister of Australia |
Appointer | Governor-General of Australia |
Inaugural holder | Sir George Reid |
Formation | 22 January 1910 |
Website | Australian High Commission, United Kingdom |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Australia_House.jpg/250px-Australia_House.jpg)
The High Commissioner of Australia to the United Kingdom is an officer of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the head of the High Commission of the Commonwealth of Australia to United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in London. The position has the rank and status of an Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. The role is currently vacant and the Head of Mission is Lynette Wood as Chargé d’Affaires and Acting High Commissioner.[1] The High Commissioner also serves as Australia's Permanent Representative to the International Maritime Organization (since 1959),[2] a Trustee of the Imperial War Museum and Australia's Commonwealth War Graves Commissioner.
On September 30 2022 Stephen Smith was named as the next high commissioner.[3]
Posting history
From Federation in 1901, the new Commonwealth government arranged to have all federal matters and communications handled by state's Agents-General in London (acting with shared responsibility). Prior to federation, each of the Australian colonies were represented through the Agents-General, the oldest being South Australia from 1856. From 1905 the Agents-General formed a committee to jointly deal with Australian matters but on 20 February 1906, the Prime Minister, Alfred Deakin, announced the establishment of a dedicated Australian office in London, with the Secretary of the Department of Defence, Muirhead Collins, as the new office head.[4] The States of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia continue to be represented by agents-general. Since the revival of the NSW agent-general in 2021, Tasmania is the only state that does not have an agent-general in London, having abolished its post in 1981 as a cost-saving measure.[5][6]
The High Commission of Australia in London is Australia's oldest diplomatic posting, and was created through the passage of the High Commissioner Act 1909 on 13 December 1909, which established the role as appointed by the Governor-General and defined that they would "act as representative and resident agent of the Commonwealth in the United Kingdom, and in that capacity exercise such powers and perform such duties as are conferred upon and assigned to him by the Governor-General [and] carry out such instructions as he receives from the Minister respecting the commercial, financial, and general interests of the Commonwealth and the States in the United Kingdom and elsewhere."[7] After the appointment of Reid as High Commissioner, Collins continued to serve as Official Secretary to the High Commissioner until his retirement in 1917. On 24 July 1913, King George V laid the foundation stone of Australia House, the future site of the Australia mission, which he also officially opened five years later on 3 August 1918.[4]
The High Commissioner Act was amended several times (1937, 1940, 1945, 1952, 1957, 1966) and was repealed by the High Commission (United Kingdom) Act Repeal Act 1973, when Foreign Minister Don Willesee placed the High Commission under the terms of the Public Service Act like all other diplomatic posts.[8] The new act altered the status of the High Commission to one of equality with all other bilateral posts, in recognition of the fact that Australia's relationship with the United Kingdom had changed.[4] Four of Australia's early prime ministers served terms as High Commissioner after leaving office: Reid, Fisher, Cook and Bruce. The position has also been filled by five people who have served as the leader of the opposition in the Australian parliament: Reid, Fisher, Cook, H.V. Evatt and Alexander Downer. Until 1973, every High Commissioner was a former government minister. Since then, a number of senior career diplomats have held the post, although former politicians are still regularly appointed.
From 1975 to 2001, the work of the High Commission was assisted by the Australian Consulate in Manchester. Established on 1 August 1975, the consulate largely dealt with trade and migration matters.[9][10]
High Commissioners
# | Image | Name | Start of term | End of term | References |
1 | ![]() |
Sir George Reid | 22 January 1910 | 10 January 1916 | [11][12][13] |
2 | ![]() |
Andrew Fisher | 22 January 1916 | 21 April 1921 | [14] |
– | File:Malcolm Lindsay Shepherd, Secretary of the Prime Minister's Department c. 1920.jpg | Malcolm Shepherd (Acting) | 21 April 1921 | 11 November 1921 | [15] |
3 | ![]() |
Sir Joseph Cook | 11 November 1921 | 10 May 1927 | [16] |
4 | ![]() |
Sir Granville Ryrie | 11 May 1927 | 30 July 1932 | [17][18][19] |
– | J. R. Collins (Acting) | 30 July 1932 | 7 September 1932 | [20] | |
5 | ![]() |
Stanley Bruce (Resident Minister until 6 October 1933) |
7 September 1932 | 5 October 1945 | [21][22][23][24][25] |
– | ![]() |
H. V. Evatt (Resident Minister) | 5 October 1945 | 17 October 1945 | [26][27] |
– | John Shiels Duncan (Acting) | 17 October 1945 | 24 January 1946 | [28][29] | |
6 | ![]() |
Jack Beasley (Resident Minister until 14 August 1946) |
24 January 1946 | 2 September 1949 | [30][31][32][33][34] |
– | Sir Norman Mighell (Acting) | 2 September 1949 | 23 April 1950 | [35][36] | |
7 | ![]() |
Eric Harrison (Resident Minister) | 23 April 1950 | 30 March 1951 | [37][38][39][40][41][42] |
– | Edwin McCarthy (Acting) | 30 March 1951 | 21 June 1951 | [43][44] | |
8 | ![]() |
Sir Thomas White | 21 June 1951 | 20 June 1956 | [45][46] |
– | Sir Edwin McCarthy (Acting) | 20 June 1956 | 25 October 1956 | [47] | |
– | ![]() |
Sir Eric Harrison | 25 October 1956 | 25 October 1964 | [48][49][50][51] |
9 | ![]() |
Sir Alexander Downer | 25 October 1964 | 24 October 1972 | [52][53][54][55][56] |
– | Bill Pritchett (Acting) | 24 October 1972 | 28 January 1973 | [57] | |
10 | ![]() |
John Armstrong | 28 January 1973 | 31 January 1975 | [58][59][60][61][62] |
11 | ![]() |
Sir John Bunting | 1 February 1975 | March 1977 | [62][63][64][65] |
12 | ![]() |
Sir Gordon Freeth | March 1977 | March 1980 | [66][67][68] |
13 | ![]() |
Sir James Plimsoll | March 1980 | 25 March 1981 | [69][70][71] |
– | Frank Murray (Acting) | 25 March 1981 | April 1981 | [72] | |
14 | ![]() |
Sir Victor Garland | April 1981 | 21 December 1983 | [73][74][75] |
15 | Alfred Parsons | 22 December 1983 | March 1987 | [76][77] | |
16 | ![]() |
Doug McClelland | 21 March 1987 | March 1991 | [78][79][80] |
17 | Richard Smith | March 1991 | April 1994 | [81] | |
18 | ![]() |
Neal Blewett | April 1994 | 20 March 1998 | [82] |
19 | ![]() |
Philip Flood | 20 March 1998 | August 2000 | [83] |
20 | ![]() |
Michael L'Estrange | August 2000 | February 2005 | [84] |
21 | ![]() |
Richard Alston | February 2005 | September 2008 | [85] |
22 | ![]() |
John Dauth | September 2008 | 23 August 2012 | [86] |
23 | ![]() |
Mike Rann | 23 August 2012 | 31 March 2014 | [87] |
24 | ![]() |
Alexander Downer | 31 March 2014 | 27 April 2018 | [88][89] |
25 | ![]() |
George Brandis | 3 May 2018 | 30 April 2022 | [90][91] |
– | ![]() |
Lynette Wood (Acting) | 30 April 2022 | Incumbent | [92] |
See also
- List of High Commissioners of the United Kingdom to Australia
- Australia–United Kingdom relations
- Agent-General for New South Wales
References
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- ^ https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2022/sep/30/stephen-smith-named-uk-high-commissioner-as-government-flags-fewer-political-appointments
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- ^ "High Commissioner (United Kingdom) Act Repeal Act 1973". Federal Register of Legislation. Australian Government. 29 November 1973. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
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- ^ "Dr. Evatt Leaves for London". The Australian Worker. New South Wales, Australia. 5 September 1945. p. 1. Retrieved 2 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ "MR. BEASLEY'S MISSION". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 21 December 1945. p. 2. Retrieved 10 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ "MR. MIGHELL TO RETIRE". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 19 October 1949. p. 5. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "RETIREMENT OF NORMAL RUPERT MIGHELL AS DEPUTY HIGH COMMISSIONER". Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette. No. 49. Australia, Australia. 24 August 1950. p. 2120. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Resided Minister in London". Kalgoorlie Miner. Western Australia. 27 April 1950. p. 5. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Harrison Resident Minister in UK". The Sun. New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1950. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ "Resident Minister in London". Kalgoorlie Miner. Western Australia. 25 April 1950. p. 5. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "GEORGIAN HOME FOR MR. HARRISON". Illawarra Daily Mercury. New South Wales, Australia. 14 December 1950. p. 2. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Harrison On Way Home". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 31 March 1951. p. 2. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "OFFICES ABOLISHED, CREATED, ETC". Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette. No. 23. Australia, Australia. 27 April 1950. p. 984. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "APPOINTMENTS BY CABINET". Cairns Post. Queensland, Australia. 1 April 1950. p. 5. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "APPOINTMENT OF HIGH COMMISSIONED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM". Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette. No. 47. Australia, Australia. 5 July 1951. p. 1684. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "May Re-enter Politics". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 19 June 1956. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "TALE OVER IN AUGUST HARRISON APPOINTED TO LONDON POST". The Central Queensland Herald. Queensland, Australia. 24 May 1956. p. 9. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "APPOINTMENT OF HIGH COMMISSIONER OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA IN THE UNITED KINGDOM". Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. No. 63. Australia, Australia. 1 November 1956. p. 3295. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Sir Eric Harrison For London Post". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 24 May 1956. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "P.M. lauds Sir Eric Harrison". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 26 October 1964. p. 9. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Audience with the Queen". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 23 October 1964. p. 2. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Re-appointment of Sir Alexander Downer". Current Notes on International Affairs. 40 (11): 651. 30 November 1969. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
- ^ "Further term in UK post". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 3 June 1970. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ "Downer reappointed". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 29 September 1971. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Change in top London post". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 21 October 1972. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Australian High Commissioner - London". Current Notes on International Affairs. 43 (10): 533. October 1972. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
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- ^ "Labor stalwart to London post". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 13 December 1972. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ a b Whitlam, Gough (23 August 1974). "Appointment approved by the Executive Council" (Press release). ParlInfo: Australian Government. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
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- ^ "IN BRIEF London changes". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 26 March 1981. p. 3. Retrieved 30 June 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ "McClelland's London job official". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 24 January 1987. p. 7. Retrieved 30 June 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
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- ^ "High Commissioner to London". Australian Foreign Affairs Record. 58 (1): 29–30. 31 January 1987. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
- ^ Evans, Gareth (29 December 1990). "Diplomatic appointment - United Kingdom" (Press release). Australian Government.
- ^ Evans, Gareth (13 March 1994). "Diplomatic appointment: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" (Press release). Australian Government.
- ^ Downer, Alexander (20 March 1998). "Diplomatic Appointment - High Commissioner to the United Kingdom" (Press release). Australian Government. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014.
- ^ Howard, John (2 February 2000). "Diplomatic Appointment: High Commissioner to the United Kingdom". Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (Press release). Commonwealth of Australia. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
- ^ Downer, Alexander (17 December 2004). "Diplomatic Appointment - High Commissioner to the United Kingdom" (Press release). Australian Government. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014.
- ^ Smith, Stephen (6 August 2008). "Diplomatic Appointment - High Commissioner to United Kingdom". Australian Government. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008.
- ^ Carr, Bob (23 August 2012). "High Commissioner to the United Kingdom" (Press release). Australian Government.
- ^ Bishop, Julie (31 March 2014). "High Commissioner to the United Kingdom" (Press release). Australian Government.
- ^ Kenny, Mark (18 February 2014). "Labor's man an also-ran as Downer heads for London". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
- ^ Bishop, Julie (20 March 2018). "High Commissioner to the United Kingdom" (Press release). Australian Government.
- ^ Starick, Paul (16 April 2018). "Achilles injury to George Brandis". Adelaide Advertiser. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
- ^ Paul Osborne (5 May 2022). "Australia sends senior diplomat to London". 7 News. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
Further reading
- Bridge, Carl; Bongiorno, Frank; Lee, David, eds. (2010). The High Commissioners: Australia's Representatives in the United Kingdom, 1910–2010 (PDF). Canberra: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. ISBN 9781921612114. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2019.
External links
BoilerPlate was here
- CS1: Julian–Gregorian uncertainty
- Articles with short description
- Use Australian English from January 2016
- All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English
- Use dmy dates from January 2016
- High Commissioners of Australia to the United Kingdom
- Permanent Representatives of Australia to the International Maritime Organization
- Lists of High Commissioners of Australia
- Lists of ambassadors to the United Kingdom