Abdullah bin Jiluwi Al Saud

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Abdullah bin Jiluwi Al Saud
Governor of Eastern Province
In office1913 – 1938
SuccessorSaud bin Abdullah
MonarchAbdulaziz
Born1870
Died1938(1938-00-00) (aged 67–68)
Issue
List
  • Prince Fahd
  • Prince Saud
  • Prince Muhammad
  • Prince Nasir
  • Prince Abdulaziz
  • Prince Saad
  • Prince Abdul Muhsin
  • 20 others
Names
Abdullah bin Jiluwi bin Turki
HouseSaud
FatherJiluwi bin Turki Al Saud

Abdullah bin Jiluwi Al Saud (Arabic: عبد الله بن جلوي آل سعود, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jalawī Āl Suʿūd; 1870–1938) was one of the early Saudi governors.[1]

Biography

Abdullah bin Jiluwi was born in 1870.[1] He was the grandson of the founder of the Second Saudi State, Turki bin Abdullah, and the son of Jiluwi bin Turki. Abdullah was a close companion of Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman, founder and first king of the modern Saudi Arabia. He was Abdulaziz's first cousin once removed, being a cousin of Abdulaziz's father Abdul Rahman bin Faisal.[2]

Abdullah bin Jiluwi accompanied his cousin Abdul Rahman bin Faisal in exile to Kuwait after the family's retreat from the capital at Riyadh.[3] Abdullah bin Jiluwi was a principal supporter in the raid on the Masmak Castle on 15 January 1902 which resulted in the recovery of Riyadh by Abdulaziz.[4][5] He killed Ajlan Al Shammar, the Rashidi governor, and saved the life of Abdulaziz in the battle for the fortress.[6] In addition, he was Abdulaziz's deputy commander and assisted him in capturing the Eastern Province in 1913.[7]

As the Saudi state was founded and consolidated, Abdullah bin Jiluwi was first appointed governor of Al Ahsa[8] and then governor of Al Qassim Province.[9] As governor of Al Ahsa, Abdullah had clashes with Ikhwan due to their moral vigilantism, which he considered a serious threat to the order.[10] Next he was transferred to the Eastern province (then known as Al Hasa province)[11] because Abdullah bin Jiluwi could not claim the succession and Abdulaziz's sons were not old enough to assume this responsibility.[12] However, Abdullah was the second most powerful member of the Al Sauds during this time after Abdulaziz himself.[9]

The province was ruled sternly and became almost a semi-independent family fiefdom. When Abdullah died in 1938, his son Saud succeeded him as governor. Saud bin Abdullah served as governor from 1938 to 1967.[12] Another son of Abdullah, Abdul Muhsin, served as the governor of the province from 1967 to 1985, when King Fahd appointed his own son Muhammad to the post.[12][13]

Death and personal life

Abdullah bin Jiluwi died in 1938[8] and one of his spouses, Wasmiyah Al Damir, married King Abdulaziz. They had no child from this marriage.[14] Abdullah also wed a woman from the Al Subai tribe.[15] His eldest son, Fahd, was killed by the Ajman tribe in May 1929 following the murder of Ajman tribe leader Dhaydan bin Hithlain.[16][17]

References

  1. ^ a b Khalid Abdullah Krairi (October 2016). John Philby and his political roles in the Arabian Peninsula, 1917-1953 (PhD thesis). University of Birmingham. p. 203.
  2. ^ Dawn Chatty (2006). Nomadic Societies in the Middle East And North Africa: Entering the 21st Century. Leiden: Brill. p. 370. ISBN 9004147926.
  3. ^ "Ibn Saud retakes Riyadh (1)". King Abdulaziz Information Resources. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  4. ^ Lawrence Paul Goldrup (1971). Saudi Arabia 1902 - 1932: The Development of a Wahhabi Society (PhD thesis). University of California, Los Angeles. p. 25. ISBN 9798657910797. ProQuest 302463650.
  5. ^ "There were 40 of us". Saudi Aramco World. 2004. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
  6. ^ "Emir Saud bin Jiluwi". Out in the Blue. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
  7. ^ Talal Sha'yfan Muslat Al Azma (1999). The role of the Ikhwan under 'Abdul'Aziz Al Sa'ud 1916-1934 (PhD thesis). Durham University. p. 63.
  8. ^ a b Toby Matthiesen (2015). "Centre–periphery relations and the emergence of a public sphere in Saudi Arabia: The municipal elections in the Eastern Province, 1954–1960". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 42 (3): 320–338. doi:10.1080/13530194.2014.947242. S2CID 143821878.
  9. ^ a b Mohammad Zaid Al Kahtani (December 2004). The Foreign Policy of King Abdulaziz (PhD thesis). University of Leeds.
  10. ^ David Commins (2006). The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia. London; New York: I. B. Tauris. p. 75. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1010.4254. ISBN 978-1-84511-080-2.
  11. ^ Ghassane Salameh; Vivian Steir (October 1980). "Political Power and the Saudi State". MERIP (91): 5–22. doi:10.2307/3010946. JSTOR 3010946.
  12. ^ a b c Michael Herb (1999). All in the family. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. p. 102. ISBN 0-7914-4168-7.
  13. ^ Robert J. Pranger (1988). "The Dimension of American Foreign Policy in the Middle East". In Peter J. Chelkowski; Robert J. Pranger (eds.). Ideology and Power in the Middle East: Studies in Honor of George Lenczowski. Durham, NC; London: Duke University Press. ISBN 0822381508.
  14. ^ "Wasmiyah Al Damir Biography". Datarabia. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
  15. ^ John S. Habib (1970). The Ikhwan Movement of Najd: Its Rise, Development, and Decline (PhD thesis). University of Michigan. p. 70. ISBN 9781083431288. ProQuest 288186259.
  16. ^ Gary Samuel Samore (1984). Royal Family Politics in Saudi Arabia (1953-1982) (PhD thesis). Harvard University. p. 40. ISBN 9798641924397. ProQuest 303295482.
  17. ^ Hassan S. Abedin. Abdulaziz Al Saud and the Great Game in Arabia, 1896-1946 (PDF) (PhD thesis). King's College London. p. 193.
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