View source for Oracle Exadata

{{Advert|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox software
| title = Oracle Exadata
| name = exadata
| logo = 
| author = Oracle Corporation
| released = October 2008
| operating system = [[Oracle Linux]]
| platform = Exadata Database Machine
| license = Commercial
| website = {{URL|http://www.oracle.com/exadata}}
}}

The '''Oracle Exadata''' '''Database Machine''' ('''Exadata'''<ref name=":30">{{Cite web|url=https://www.oracle.com/a/ocom/docs/engineered-systems/exadata/exadata-x8m-2-ds.pdf|title=Oracle Exadata Database Machine X8M-2|last=Various|date=September 2019|website=oracle.com|access-date=September 19, 2019}}</ref>) is a computing platform optimized for running [[Oracle Database]]s.

Exadata is a combined hardware and software platform that includes [[Scale out|scale-out]] Intel [[x86-64]] compute and storage servers, [[RDMA over Converged Ethernet|RoCE]] or [[InfiniBand]] networking, [[3D XPoint|persistent memory]] (PMEM), [[NVM Express|NVMe]] flash, and specialized software.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Pedregal-Martin|first=Cristobal|title=Exadata: Why and What|url=https://blogs.oracle.com/exadata/exadata-why-and-what|url-status=live}}</ref>

Exadata was introduced in 2008 for on-premises deployment, and, since October 2015, via the [[Oracle Cloud]] as a subscription service, known as the ''Exadata Cloud Service''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Oracle Database Exadata Cloud Service: A Beginner's Guide|last=Spendolini|first=Brian|publisher=Oracle Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1260120875|location=Amazon.com}}</ref> Exadata Cloud@Customer is an on-premises implementation of Exadata Cloud Service, available since 2017. Oracle databases deployed in the Exadata Cloud Service or Exadata Cloud@Customer are 100% compatible with databases deployed on Exadata on-premises, which enables customers to transition to the Oracle Cloud with no application changes. Oracle Corporation manages this service, including hardware, network, Linux software and Exadata software, while customers have complete ownership of their databases.

==Use cases==
Exadata is designed to run Oracle Database workloads, such as an [[OLTP]] application running simultaneously with Analytics processing. Historically, specialized database computing platforms were designed for a particular workload, such as Data Warehousing, and poor or unusable for other workloads, such as OLTP. Exadata allows mixed workloads to share system resources fairly with resource management features allowing prioritized allocation, such as always favoring workloads servicing interactive users over reporting and batch, even if they are accessing the same data. Long running requests, characterized by Data Warehouses, reports, batch jobs and Analytics, are reputed to run many times faster compared to a conventional, non-Exadata database server.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oracle.com/search/customers?Ntt=exadata&Dy=1&Nty=1&Ntk=S1|title=Exadata Customer Success Stories|access-date=July 16, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gartner.com/reviews/market/data-warehouse-solutions/vendor/oracle/product/oracle-exadata-database-machine|title=Gartner Peer Insights: Oracle Exadata Database Machine|last=Various|website=Gartner.com|access-date=August 8, 2018}}</ref>

== Release History ==
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Exadata Release'''
|'''Primary Software Enhancements'''
|'''Primary Hardware Enhancements'''
|-
|X9M - Sept, 2021
|Secure RDMA fabric isolation
|PCIe 4.0 dual-port active-active 100Gb RoCE network
|-
|
|Smart Flash Log write-back
|33% increase in compute cores
|-
|
|Storage Index and Columnar Cache persistence
|33% increase in memory capacity
|-
|
|Faster decryption and decompression Algorithms 
|28% increase in disk capacity
|-
|
|Smart Scan performance optimizations
|1.8x greater internal fabric bandwidth (PCIe 4.0)
|-
|
|
|1.8x greater flash bandwidth (PCIe 4.0)
|-
|X8M - Sept, 2019
|RoCE: RDMA over Converged Ethernet
|Persistent Memory (PMEM) in storage
|-
|
|Persistent Memory Data Accelerator
|100 Gbit/s internal fabric (2.5x increase)
|-
|
|Persistent Memory Commit Accelerator
|
|-
|
|KVM virtual machine support
|
|-
|X8 - April, 2019
|AIDE: Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment
|Storage Server Extended (XT)
|-
|
|ML-based monitoring and auto-indexing
|40% increase in disk capacity
|-
|
|Real-time updates of optimizer statistics
|60% increase in storage processor cores
|-
|X7 - Oct, 2017
|In-memory database in flash storage
|2x increase in flash capacity
|-
|
|DRAM cache in storage
|25% increase in disk capacity
|-
|
|Large-scale storage software updates
|25 Gbit/s data center Ethernet support
|-
|Exadata Cloud@Customer
|Exadata Cloud Service on-premises
|
|-
|X6 - April, 2016
|Exafusion direct-to-wire OLTP protocol
|2x increase in flash capacity
|-
|
|Smart Fusion Block Transfer
|10% increase in compute cores
|-
|
|Smart Flash Log
|2x increase in memory capacity
|-
|Exadata Cloud Service
|Exadata on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)
|
|-
|X5 - Dec, 2014
|In-memory database fault tolerance
|2x increase in flash & disk capacity
|-
|
|Database snapshots
|Elastic configurations
|-
|
|Xen virtual machine support
|All-flash storage server option
|-
|
|NVMe flash protocol support
|50% increase in compute cores
|-
|
|IPv6 support
|50% increase in memory capacity
|-
|X4 - Nov, 2013
|Network Resource Management
|2x increase in flash capacity
|-
|
|I/O latency capping
|2x increase in memory capacity
|-
|
|Capacity-on-Demand licensing
|50% increase in compute cores
|-
|
|Active/Active InfiniBand (2x increase)
|33% increase in disk capacity
|-
|X3 - Sept, 2013
|Smart Flash Cache write-back
|Eighth-Rack configuration
|-
|
|Improved management of slow disks/flash
|4x increase in flash capacity
|-
|
|Sub-second brownout after storage failure
|33% increase in compute cores
|-
|
|Simplified disk replacement
|75% increase in memory capacity
|-
|
|Bypass predictive disk failure
|2x increase in data center bandwidth
|-
|X2 - Sept, 2010
|Smart Flash Log
|8-socket (X2-8) configuration
|-
|
|Auto Service Request
|Storage Expansion Rack
|-
|
|Secure Erase of storage
|Hardware-based decryption
|-
|
|Platinum Services
|50% increase in compute cores
|-
|
|
|2x increase in memory capacity
|-
|
|
|50% increase in disk capacity
|-
|
|
|8x increase in data center bandwidth
|-
|v2 - Sept, 2009
|Storage Indexes
|Flash storage
|-
|
|Database-aware Smart Flash Cache
|Quarter-Rack configuration
|-
|
|Hybrid Columnar Compression
|2x increase in memory & disk capacity
|-
|
|
|3x increase in data center bandwidth
|-
|
|
|40 Gbit/s internal fabric (2x increase)
|-
|v1 - Sept, 2008
|Oracle Enterprise Linux
|Scale-out 4-socket compute servers
|-
|
|Smart Scan (storage offload)
|Scale-out 4-socket storage servers
|-
|
|IORM (I/O Resource Manager)
|20 Gbit/s internal fabric (InfiniBand)
|-
|
|Join filtering (Bloom filters)
|1 Terabyte disks
|-
|
|Incremental backup filtering
|1 Gbit/s data center network (Ethernet)
|-
|
|Smart file creation
|
|}

==End-of-support==
As the platform has been around for over 11 years, Oracle has published information related to the end-of-support for the Exadata platform. In Oracle's published document titled ''Oracle Hardware and
Systems Support Policies'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oracle.com/us/support/library/hardware-systems-support-policies-069182.pdf|title=Oracle Hardware and Systems Support Policies|access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref> they mention "After five years from last ship date, replacement parts may not be available and/or the response times for sending replacement parts may be delayed." To look up the "last ship date" of a particular Oracle Exadata Appliance, Oracle published a document titled ''Oracle Exadata - A guide for decision makers''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oracle.com/a/otn/docs/exadata-decision-maker-guide.pdf|title=Oracle Exadata - A guide for decision makers|access-date=December 1, 2020}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Oracle Exadata}}
* [http://www.oracle.com/us/products/database/exadata-database-machine/ Oracle Website: Oracle Exadata Database Machine]

[[Category:Database management systems]]
[[Category:Data warehousing products]]
[[Category:Oracle hardware|Exadata]]